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- Stem cell research: a science
- World stem cell policies
- World cloning policies
United kingdom
- Embryonic stem cell research and therapeutic cloning are permitted, but reproductive cloning is banned.
- Therapeutic cloning is regulated by
Human Fertilization and Embryology Authority (HFEA) in order to understand the development of embryos and to develop treatments for serious disease.
Asia
China
- Embryonic stem cell research and therapeutic cloning are permitted, but reproductive cloning is banned.
- "Guidelines for Research on Human Embryonic Stem Cells" released in 2004 by China's Ministry of Science and Technology, and Ministry of Health.
India
- Embryonic stem cell research and therapeutic cloning are permitted, but reproductive cloning is banned.
- The Indian Council of Medical Research released the Consultative Document on Ethical Guidelines for Biomedical Research on Human Subjects (2000), which cover the guidelines.
Japan
- Embryonic stem cell research and therapeutic cloning are permitted, but reproductive cloning is banned.
- Production of cloned human embryos will be limited to basic research or regenerative medicine only (Bioethics Committee of the Council for Science and Technology Policy).
Singapore
- Embryonic stem cell research and therapeutic cloning are permitted, but reproductive cloning is banned.
- The law allows the harvesting of stem cells from cloned human embryos, but it prohibits cloned embryos from developing more than two weeks.
South korea (republic of korea)
- Embryonic stem cell research and therapeutic cloning are permitted, but reproductive cloning is banned.
- The government approved research on somatic cell nuclear transfer based on guidelines of National Ethics Committees.
Taiwan (republic of china)
- Embryonic stem cell research is allowed on excess stocks of embryos produced naturally for artificial insemination.
- Reproductive and therapeutic cloning are banned, as is the creation of embryos for research purposes.
Thailand
- Embryonic stem cell research and therapeutic cloning are permitted, but reproductive cloning is banned.
Vietnam
- Embryonic stem cell research is not specifically prohibited, but therapeutic and reproductive cloning are.
- Human cloning and surrogacy banned as of May 2003.
Oceania
Australia
- Embryonic stem cell research and therapeutic cloning are permitted, but reproductive cloning is banned.
- Researchers must apply for a license to experiment with embryos
New zealand
- Embryonic stem cell research and therapeutic cloning are permitted, but reproductive cloning is banned.
- In 2004, the Human Assisted Reproductive Technology Bill was amended to ban reproductive cloning and genetically engineered babies.
Middle east
Egypt
- Bans reproductive cloning and potentially therapeutic cloning.
- The researcher is prohibited from conducting research involving mixing lineages.
Iran
- Embryonic stem cell research is permitted.
Israel
- Embryonic stem cell research and therapeutic cloning is permitted, but reproductive cloning is banned.
- Human reproductive cloning and germline genetic engineering is prohibited.
Africa
South africa
- Embryonic stem cell research is permitted, but all forms of cloning (reproductive and therapeutic) are banned.
Tunisia
- Embryonic stem cell research is not specifically prohibited, but therapeutic and reproductive cloning are as of 1997.
- The law states that any technology related to human cloning is banned.
References and further suggested readings
- The Database of Global Policies on Human Cloning and Germ-line Engineering:
(External Link)
- Global Lawyers and Physician for Human Rights:
(External Link)
- Stem Cell Policy: World Stem Cell Map:
www.mbbnet.umn.edu/scmap.html
- European Commission, Directorate General–Research: Survey on opinions from National Ethics Committees or similar bodies, public debate, and national legislation in relation to human embryonic stem cell research and use. Volume I: EU Member States, July 2004:
(External Link) , Volume II: Countries associated to FP6 and Third Countries, July 2004:
(External Link)
- UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization). National Legislation Concerning Human Reproductive and Therapeutic Cloning, July 2004:
(External Link)
- The International Stem Cell Forum (May 2007) http://www.stemcellforum.org
- The Hinxton Group World Policies Website (May 2007): http://hinxtongroup.org/wp.html
- The Hinxton Group Consensus Statement, March 2006:
(External Link) .
- The Phoebe R. Berman Bioethics Institute. (March 2006) International Policy Trends: Embryonic Stem Cell Research.
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Questions & Answers
differentiate between demand and supply
giving examples
differentiated between demand and supply using examples
Lambiv
how is the graph works?I don't fully understand
hi guys good evening to all
Lambiv
In economics, a perfect market refers to a theoretical construct where all participants have perfect information, goods are homogenous, there are no barriers to entry or exit, and prices are determined solely by supply and demand. It's an idealized model used for analysis,
Ezea
other things being equal
AI-Robot
When MP₁ becomes negative, TP start to decline.
Extuples Suppose that the short-run production function of certain cut-flower firm is given by: Q=4KL-0.6K2 - 0.112 •
Where is quantity of cut flower produced, I is labour input and K is fixed capital input (K-5). Determine the average product of lab
Kelo
Extuples Suppose that the short-run production function of certain cut-flower firm is given by: Q=4KL-0.6K2 - 0.112 •
Where is quantity of cut flower produced, I is labour input and K is fixed capital input (K-5). Determine the average product of labour (APL) and marginal product of labour (MPL)
Kelo
Can I ask you other question?
Shukri
What is different between quantity demand and demand?
Quantity demanded refers to the specific amount of a good or service that consumers are willing and able to purchase at a give price and within a specific time period. Demand, on the other hand, is a broader concept that encompasses the entire relationship between price and quantity demanded
Ezea
how do you save a country economic situation when it's falling apart
what is the difference between economic growth and development
Economic growth as an increase in the production and consumption of goods and services within an economy.but
Economic development as a broader concept that encompasses not only economic growth but also social & human well being.
Shukri
production function means
Jabir
What do you think is more important to focus on when considering inequality ?
any question about economics?
sir...I just want to ask one question... Define the term contract curve? if you are free please help me to find this answer 🙏
Asui
it is a curve that we get after connecting the pareto optimal combinations of two consumers after their mutually beneficial trade offs
Awais
thank you so much 👍 sir
Asui
In economics, the contract curve refers to the set of points in an Edgeworth box diagram where both parties involved in a trade cannot be made better off without making one of them worse off. It represents the Pareto efficient allocations of goods between two individuals or entities, where neither p
Cornelius
In economics, the contract curve refers to the set of points in an Edgeworth box diagram where both parties involved in a trade cannot be made better off without making one of them worse off. It represents the Pareto efficient allocations of goods between two individuals or entities,
Cornelius
Suppose a consumer consuming two commodities X and Y has
The following utility function u=X0.4 Y0.6. If the price of the X and Y are 2 and 3 respectively and income Constraint is birr 50.
A,Calculate quantities of x and y which maximize utility.
B,Calculate value of Lagrange multiplier.
C,Calculate quantities of X and Y consumed with a given price.
D,alculate optimum level of output .
the market for lemon has 10 potential consumers, each having an individual demand curve p=101-10Qi, where p is price in dollar's per cup and Qi is the number of cups demanded per week by the i th consumer.Find the market demand curve using algebra. Draw an individual demand curve and the market dema
suppose the production function is given by ( L, K)=L¼K¾.assuming capital is fixed find APL and MPL. consider the following short run production function:Q=6L²-0.4L³ a) find the value of L that maximizes output b)find the value of L that maximizes marginal product
Abdureman
What is the difference between perfect competition and monopolistic competition?
Mohammed
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Source:
OpenStax, Stem cell research: a science and policy overview. OpenStax CNX. Aug 03, 2007 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col10445/1.1
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