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Wiskunde

Graad 9

Getalpatrone

Grafiese voorstellings

Vergelykings

Statistiek

Waarskynlikheidsleer

Module 17

Versamel inligting om algemene vrae te beantwoord

Vir wie is statistieke nou eintlik belangrik?

AKTIWITEIT 4.1

Om te besef dat ons inligting moet insamel om algemene vrae te kan beantwoord

LU 5.1]

Dis dikwels noodsaaklik om inligting oor mense te hê. Byvoorbeeld, as die regering moet besluit hoeveel nuwe skole waar gebou moet word, moet hulle weet hoeveel kinders daar in elke streek van die land woon, veral kinders wat nog nie skoolgaan nie. Dieselfde geld vir besluite oor nuwe klinieke, hospitale, ensovoorts.

Mense wat ’n nuwe produk wil bemark, wil graag weet hoeveel mense sou belangstel om die produk te koop. Om ’n antwoord te kry, moet hulle vrae vra en statistieke bekom.

Statistici is die professionele mense wat hierdie werk doen. Hulle sien toe dat die inligting wat ingesamel word, die beste moontlik is (ons sal later meer hieroor leer). Dan bestudeer en bewerk hulle die data sodat betroubare besluite daarop gebaseer kan word.

Die regering hou ’n sensus op ’n gereelde grondslag om inligting oor die land se bevolking te bekom. Dan word heelwat ekstra mense in diens geneem om die besonderhede van elke persoon in die land in te samel. Dit neem dan nog ’n paar jaar om al die inligting te organiseer en te publiseer. Die inligting word dan vrygestel vir gebruik deur diegene wat beplanning op grond van betroubare syfers moet doen.

Die grondslag van die statistiek is syfers, en dié word verkry deur vrae. Kom ons doen gou ’n bietjie navorsing.

Belangrik : Hou al die inligting waaraan ons werk in hierdie deel – ons gaan dit later weer gebruik. Soos jy meer leer van statistiek, sal jy meer inligting uit die data kan aflei.

  1. Dink aan jou hele familie – ouers, grootouers, broers en susters, tantes, ooms – almal. Tel hoeveel familielede jy het. Hoeveel van hulle het selfone? Hoeveel van hulle se selfone is al gesteel? Hoeveel het al hulle selfone verloor? Vul die inligting in op die tabel, en in die laaste reël die totale vir die hele klas.
Aantal mense Besit selfoon Selfoon al gesteel Selfoon al verloor
Leerder
Klas

2 Werk drie of vier saam in groepies om die volgende tabel te voltooi. Elkeen skryf neer aan watter twee sportsoorte hy/sy besonder graag sou wou deelneem. Dit hoef nie skoolsport te wees nie. Vir elke sport vul jy in of jy dit alreeds speel, of jy in ’n span speel en of jy dit nie kan speel nie weens ’n gebrek aan fasiliteite en toerusting of omdat daar nie ’n afrigter is nie.

3 Hier is nog ’n paar van die soort vrae waarmee statistici hulle besig hou:

3.1 Hoe verteenwoordigend is die leerders in ’n skool van die bevolking van die streek waar die skool geleë is?

3.2 Wat is die houding van mense wat in ’n sekere area woon jeens die verklaring van ’n deel van die area as ’n natuurbewaringsomgewing?

3.3 Hoeveel mense in ’n sekere provinsie is HIV-positief?

3.4 Hoe vergelyk die gevangenisbevolking van twee gegewe provinsies?

3.5 Suid-Afrika het heelwat vrouens in die parlement. Hoe vergelyk dit met ander demokratiese lande?

Questions & Answers

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Source:  OpenStax, Wiskunde graad 9. OpenStax CNX. Sep 14, 2009 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11055/1.1
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