Support systems in animals

OpenStax

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2.2.1 skeletons

3 Hydrostatic skeleton

5 Disadvantages:

8 Disadvantages:

11 Disadvantages:

12 Developmental progression and why skeletons are needed for terrestrial

13 Problems that animals moving from water to land had to overcome

14 The exoskeleton in terrestrial arthropods

15 Developmental progression in the vertebrate skeleton and associated

2.2.2 human skeleton

1 Axial skeleton

2 The skull: consists of the cranium and facial bones

3 The vertebral column : Consists of 33 vertebrae

4 APPENDICULAR SKELETON

5 The pectoral girdle and arms

6 Pelvic girdle and the legs

7 Functions of skeleton:

8 Structure of a long bone

10 Parts of a long bone

11 Practical investigation

2.2.3 associated tissues

2.2.5 human locomotion

1 What is used during locomotion?

2 1) bones - body’s Supporting structure

3 2) joints - place in your body Where two bones are connected

4 I) fibrous joints

5 Ii) cartilaginous joints

6 Iii) synovial joints

7 Ii) cartilaginous joints

8 Iii) synovial joints

9 Iii) synovial joints

10 3) ligaments – connect bone and bone.

11 4) tendons - connect muscles to bone.

12 5) antagonistic muscles

13 Example: biceps and triceps

2 Three types of muscle

3 Smooth/ involuntary

6 Cardiac muscle

8 Voluntary/skeletal

10 Muscle contraction

11 Activity: classifying muscle types

12 Interesting facts – skeleton

2.2.9 exercises

Source: OpenStax, Siyavula: life sciences grade 10. OpenStax CNX. Apr 11, 2012 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11410/1.3

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