Null Hypothesis
H
0 : The population correlation coefficient IS NOT significantly different from zero. There IS NOT a significant linear relationship(correlation) between
x and
y in the population.
Alternate Hypothesis
H
a : The population correlation coefficient IS significantly DIFFERENT FROM zero. There IS A SIGNIFICANT LINEAR RELATIONSHIP (correlation) between
x and
y in the population.
Drawing a conclusion:
There are two methods of making the decision. The two methods are equivalent and give the same result.
Method 1: Using the
p -value
Method 2: Using a table of critical values
In this chapter of this textbook, we will always use a significance level of 5%,
α = 0.05
Note
Using the
p -value method, you could choose any appropriate significance level you want; you are not limited to using
α = 0.05. But the table of critical values provided in this textbook assumes that we are using a significance level of 5%,
α = 0.05. (If we wanted to use a different significance level than 5% with the critical value method, we would need different tables of critical values that are not provided in this textbook.)
Method 1: using a
p -value to make a decision
To calculate the
p -value using LinRegTTEST:
On the LinRegTTEST input screen, on the line prompt for
β or
ρ , highlight "
≠ 0 "
The output screen shows the p-value on the line that reads "p =".
(Most computer statistical software can calculate the
p -value.)
If the
p -value is less than the significance level (
α = 0.05):
Decision: Reject the null hypothesis.
Conclusion: "There is sufficient evidence to conclude that there is a significant linear relationship between
x and
y because the correlation coefficient is significantly different from zero."
If the
p -value is not less than the significance level (
α = 0.05)
Decision: DO NOT REJECT the null hypothesis.
Conclusion: "There is insufficient evidence to conclude that there is a significant linear relationship between
x and
y because the correlation coefficient is NOT significantly different from zero."
Calculation notes:
You will use technology to calculate the
p -value. The following describes the calculations to compute the test statistics and the
p -value:
The
p -value is calculated using a
t -distribution with
n - 2 degrees of freedom.
The formula for the test statistic is
. The value of the test statistic,
t , is shown in the computer or calculator output along with the
p -value. The test statistic
t has the same sign as the correlation coefficient
r .
The
p -value is the combined area in both tails.
An alternative way to calculate the
p -value
(p) given by LinRegTTest is the command 2*tcdf(abs(t),10^99, n-2) in 2nd DISTR.
The line of best fit is: ŷ = -173.51 + 4.83
x with
r = 0.6631 and there are
n = 11 data points.
Can the regression line be used for prediction?
Given a third exam score (
x value), can we
use the line to predict the final exam score (predicted
y value)?
H
0 :
ρ = 0
H
a :
ρ ≠ 0
α = 0.05
The
p -value is 0.026 (from LinRegTTest on your calculator or from computer software).
The
p -value, 0.026, is less than the significance level of
α = 0.05.
Decision: Reject the Null Hypothesis
H
0
Conclusion: There is sufficient evidence to conclude that there is a significant linear relationship between the third exam score (
x ) and the final exam score (
y ) because the correlation coefficient is significantly different from zero.
Communication is effective because it allows individuals to share ideas, thoughts, and information with others.
effective communication can lead to improved outcomes in various settings, including personal relationships, business environments, and educational settings. By communicating effectively, individuals can negotiate effectively, solve problems collaboratively, and work towards common goals.
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miss
Every time someone flushes a toilet in the apartment building, the person begins to jumb back automatically after hearing the flush, before the water temperature changes. Identify the types of learning, if it is classical conditioning identify the NS, UCS, CS and CR. If it is operant conditioning, identify the type of consequence positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement or punishment
nature is an hereditary factor while nurture is an environmental factor which constitute an individual personality. so if an individual's parent has a deviant behavior and was also brought up in an deviant environment, observation of the behavior and the inborn trait we make the individual deviant.
Samuel
I am taking this course because I am hoping that I could somehow learn more about my chosen field of interest and due to the fact that being a PsyD really ignites my passion as an individual the more I hope to learn about developing and literally explore the complexity of my critical thinking skills
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before treatment please make sure the kid doesn't have physical disabilities like hearing..vision..speech problem. sometimes these
Jharna
continue..
sometimes due to these physical problems..the diagnosis may be misdiagnosed.
treatment for autism.
well it depends on the severity.
since autistic kids have problems in communicating and adopting to the environment.. it's best to expose the child in situations where the child
Jharna
child interact with other kids under doc supervision.
play therapy.
speech therapy.
Engaging in different activities that activate most parts of the brain.. like drawing..painting. matching color board game.
string and beads game.
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Jharna
results you'll get..
please consult a therapist to know what suits best on your child.
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Jharna
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