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Explain a situation where we would convert an equation from a product to a sum, and give an example.

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Algebraic

For the following exercises, rewrite the product as a sum or difference.

16 sin ( 16 x ) sin ( 11 x )

8 ( cos ( 5 x ) cos ( 27 x ) )

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20 cos ( 36 t ) cos ( 6 t )

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2 sin ( 5 x ) cos ( 3 x )

sin ( 2 x ) + sin ( 8 x )

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10 cos ( 5 x ) sin ( 10 x )

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sin ( x ) sin ( 5 x )

1 2 ( cos ( 6 x ) cos ( 4 x ) )

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For the following exercises, rewrite the sum or difference as a product.

cos ( 6 t ) + cos ( 4 t )

2 cos ( 5 t ) cos t

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sin ( 3 x ) + sin ( 7 x )

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cos ( 7 x ) + cos ( 7 x )

2 cos ( 7 x )

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sin ( 3 x ) sin ( 3 x )

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cos ( 3 x ) + cos ( 9 x )

2 cos ( 6 x ) cos ( 3 x )

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sin h sin ( 3 h )

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For the following exercises, evaluate the product for the following using a sum or difference of two functions. Evaluate exactly.

cos ( 45° ) cos ( 15° )

1 4 ( 1 + 3 )

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cos ( 45° ) sin ( 15° )

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sin ( −345° ) sin ( −15° )

1 4 ( 3 2 )

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sin ( 195° ) cos ( 15° )

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sin ( −45° ) sin ( −15° )

1 4 ( 3 1 )

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For the following exercises, evaluate the product using a sum or difference of two functions. Leave in terms of sine and cosine.

cos ( 23° ) sin ( 17° )

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2 sin ( 100° ) sin ( 20° )

cos ( 80° ) cos ( 120° )

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2 sin ( −100° ) sin ( −20° )

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sin ( 213° ) cos ( )

1 2 ( sin ( 221° ) + sin ( 205° ) )

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2 cos ( 56° ) cos ( 47° )

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For the following exercises, rewrite the sum as a product of two functions. Leave in terms of sine and cosine.

sin ( 76° ) + sin ( 14° )

2 cos ( 31° )

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cos ( 58° ) cos ( 12° )

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sin ( 101° ) sin ( 32° )

2 cos ( 66.5 ° ) sin ( 34.5 ° )

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cos ( 100° ) + cos ( 200° )

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sin ( −1° ) + sin ( −2° )

2 sin ( −1.5° ) cos ( 0.5° )

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For the following exercises, prove the identity.

cos ( a + b ) cos ( a b ) = 1 tan a tan b 1 + tan a tan b

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4 sin ( 3 x ) cos ( 4 x ) = 2 sin ( 7 x ) 2 sin x

2 sin ( 7 x ) 2 sin x = 2 sin ( 4 x + 3 x ) 2 sin ( 4 x 3 x ) = 2 ( sin ( 4 x ) cos ( 3 x ) + sin ( 3 x ) cos ( 4 x ) ) 2 ( sin ( 4 x ) cos ( 3 x ) sin ( 3 x ) cos ( 4 x ) ) = 2 sin ( 4 x ) cos ( 3 x ) + 2 sin ( 3 x ) cos ( 4 x ) ) 2 sin ( 4 x ) cos ( 3 x ) + 2 sin ( 3 x ) cos ( 4 x ) ) = 4 sin ( 3 x ) cos ( 4 x )

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6 cos ( 8 x ) sin ( 2 x ) sin ( 6 x ) = −3 sin ( 10 x ) csc ( 6 x ) + 3

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sin x + sin ( 3 x ) = 4 sin x cos 2 x

sin x + sin ( 3 x ) = 2 sin ( 4 x 2 ) cos ( 2 x 2 ) =
2 sin ( 2 x ) cos x = 2 ( 2 sin x cos x ) cos x =
4 sin x cos 2 x

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2 ( cos 3 x cos x sin 2 x ) = cos ( 3 x ) + cos x

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2 tan x cos ( 3 x ) = sec x ( sin ( 4 x ) sin ( 2 x ) )

2 tan x cos ( 3 x ) = 2 sin x cos ( 3 x ) cos x = 2 ( .5 ( sin ( 4 x ) sin ( 2 x ) ) ) cos x
= 1 cos x ( sin ( 4 x ) sin ( 2 x ) ) = sec x ( sin ( 4 x ) sin ( 2 x ) )

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cos ( a + b ) + cos ( a b ) = 2 cos a cos b

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Numeric

For the following exercises, rewrite the sum as a product of two functions or the product as a sum of two functions. Give your answer in terms of sines and cosines. Then evaluate the final answer numerically, rounded to four decimal places.

cos ( 58 ) + cos ( 12 )

2 cos ( 35 ) cos ( 23 ) ,  1 .5081

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sin ( 2 ) sin ( 3 )

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cos ( 44 ) cos ( 22 )

2 sin ( 33 ) sin ( 11 ) ,   0.2078

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cos ( 176 ) sin ( 9 )

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sin ( 14 ) sin ( 85 )

1 2 ( cos ( 99 ) cos ( 71 ) ) ,   0.2410

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Technology

For the following exercises, algebraically determine whether each of the given expressions is a true identity. If it is not an identity, replace the right-hand side with an expression equivalent to the left side. Verify the results by graphing both expressions on a calculator.

2 sin ( 2 x ) sin ( 3 x ) = cos x cos ( 5 x )

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cos ( 10 θ ) + cos ( 6 θ ) cos ( 6 θ ) cos ( 10 θ ) = cot ( 2 θ ) cot ( 8 θ )

It is and identity.

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sin ( 3 x ) sin ( 5 x ) cos ( 3 x ) + cos ( 5 x ) = tan x

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2 cos ( 2 x ) cos x + sin ( 2 x ) sin x = 2 sin x

It is not an identity, but 2 cos 3 x is.

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sin ( 2 x ) + sin ( 4 x ) sin ( 2 x ) sin ( 4 x ) = tan ( 3 x ) cot x

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For the following exercises, simplify the expression to one term, then graph the original function and your simplified version to verify they are identical.

sin ( 9 t ) sin ( 3 t ) cos ( 9 t ) + cos ( 3 t )

tan ( 3 t )

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2 sin ( 8 x ) cos ( 6 x ) sin ( 2 x )

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sin ( 3 x ) sin x sin x

2 cos ( 2 x )

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cos ( 5 x ) + cos ( 3 x ) sin ( 5 x ) + sin ( 3 x )

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sin x cos ( 15 x ) cos x sin ( 15 x )

sin ( 14 x )

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Extensions

For the following exercises, prove the following sum-to-product formulas.

sin x sin y = 2 sin ( x y 2 ) cos ( x + y 2 )

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cos x + cos y = 2 cos ( x + y 2 ) cos ( x y 2 )

Start with cos x + cos y . Make a substitution and let x = α + β and let y = α β , so cos x + cos y becomes
cos ( α + β ) + cos ( α β ) = cos α cos β sin α sin β + cos α cos β + sin α sin β = 2 cos α cos β

Since x = α + β and y = α β , we can solve for α and β in terms of x and y and substitute in for 2 cos α cos β and get 2 cos ( x + y 2 ) cos ( x y 2 ) .

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For the following exercises, prove the identity.

sin ( 6 x ) + sin ( 4 x ) sin ( 6 x ) sin ( 4 x ) = tan ( 5 x ) cot x

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cos ( 3 x ) + cos x cos ( 3 x ) cos x = cot ( 2 x ) cot x

cos ( 3 x ) + cos x cos ( 3 x ) cos x = 2 cos ( 2 x ) cos x 2 sin ( 2 x ) sin x = cot ( 2 x ) cot x

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cos ( 6 y ) + cos ( 8 y ) sin ( 6 y ) sin ( 4 y ) = cot y cos ( 7 y ) sec ( 5 y )

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cos ( 2 y ) cos ( 4 y ) sin ( 2 y ) + sin ( 4 y ) = tan y

cos ( 2 y ) cos ( 4 y ) sin ( 2 y ) + sin ( 4 y ) = 2 sin ( 3 y ) sin ( y ) 2 sin ( 3 y ) cos y = 2 sin ( 3 y ) sin ( y ) 2 sin ( 3 y ) cos y = tan y

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sin ( 10 x ) sin ( 2 x ) cos ( 10 x ) + cos ( 2 x ) = tan ( 4 x )

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cos x cos ( 3 x ) = 4 sin 2 x cos x

cos x cos ( 3 x ) = 2 sin ( 2 x ) sin ( x ) = 2 ( 2 sin x cos x ) sin x = 4 sin 2 x cos x

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( cos ( 2 x ) cos ( 4 x ) ) 2 + ( sin ( 4 x ) + sin ( 2 x ) ) 2 = 4 sin 2 ( 3 x )

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tan ( π 4 t ) = 1 tan t 1 + tan t

tan ( π 4 t ) = tan ( π 4 ) tan t 1 + tan ( π 4 ) tan ( t ) = 1 tan t 1 + tan t

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Questions & Answers

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Ewa Reply
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Moses
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Fredrick Reply
the transfer of energy by a force that causes an object to be displaced; the product of the component of the force in the direction of the displacement and the magnitude of the displacement
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aluet
Show that the equal masses particles emarge from collision at right angle by making explicit used of fact that momentum is a vector quantity
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Isaac
A wave is described by the function D(x,t)=(1.6cm) sin[(1.2cm^-1(x+6.8cm/st] what are:a.Amplitude b. wavelength c. wave number d. frequency e. period f. velocity of speed.
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Somto Reply
A body is projected upward at an angle 45° 18minutes with the horizontal with an initial speed of 40km per second. In hoe many seconds will the body reach the ground then how far from the point of projection will it strike. At what angle will the horizontal will strike
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Suppose hydrogen and oxygen are diffusing through air. A small amount of each is released simultaneously. How much time passes before the hydrogen is 1.00 s ahead of the oxygen? Such differences in arrival times are used as an analytical tool in gas chromatography.
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the science concerned with describing the interactions of energy, matter, space, and time; it is especially interested in what fundamental mechanisms underlie every phenomenon
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Practice Key Terms 2

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Source:  OpenStax, Precalculus. OpenStax CNX. Jan 19, 2016 Download for free at https://legacy.cnx.org/content/col11667/1.6
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