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Die teenoorstaande/regoorstaande hoeke wat gevorm word by twee snydende lyne is gelyk. Aangrensende hoeke op ‘n reguitlyn is supplementêr.

Die volgende video som op wat jy tot dusver geleer het.

Khan akademie video oor hoeke - 2

Parallelle lyne wat gesny word deur dwarslyne

Twee lyne sny mekaar as hulle kruis by ‘n punt. Byvoorbeeld, by ‘n verkeerskruising sny 2 of meer strate en die snypunt van die kruising is die gemeenskaplike punt tussen die strate.

Parallelle of ewewydige lyne is lyne wat nooit kruis nie. Byvoorbeeld, spoorlyne is parallel.

Al hierdie lyne is parallel aan mekaar. Let op die simbool vir parallelle lyne.

Interessante feit

’n Gedeelte van die Australiese Nasionale Spoorlyn is van die langste parallelle lyne in die wêreld.

Langste Spoorlyn met ewewydige spore (Source: www.guinnessworldrecords.com) The Australian National Railways Trans-Australian line over the Nullarbor Plain, is 478 km (297 miles) dead straight, from Mile 496, between Nurina and Loongana, Western Australia, to Mile 793, between Ooldea and Watson, South Australia.

’n Dwarslyn van twee of meer lyne is ‘n lyn wat hierdie lyne sny. Byvoorbeeld, in [link] , A B en C D is twee parallelle lyne en E F is ‘n dwarslyn. Ons sê A B C D . Die eienskappe van hoeke wat gevorm word by hierdie kruisende lyne word opgesom in die volgende tabel.

Parallelle lyne wat gekruis is by ‘n dwarslyn
Naam van hoek Definisie Voorbeelde Aantekening
binnehoeke hoeke wat binne die parallelle lyne lê in [link] a , b , c en d is binnehoeke die woord binnehoeke beteken tussen die lyne
aangrensende hoeke die hoeke deel 'n gemeenskaplike hoekpunt en sy in [link] ( a , h ) is aangrensend, asook ( h , g ); ( g , b ); ( b , a )
buitehoeke hoeke wat buite die parallelle lyne lê in [link] e , f , g and h is buitehoeke die woord buitehoeke beteken aan die buitekant
verwisselende binnehoeke die binnehoeke wat aan verskillende kante van die snylyn lê in [link] ( a , c ) en ( b , d ) is pare van verwisselende binnehoeke, a = c , b = d
ko-binnehoeke aan dieselfde kant ko-binnehoeke wat aan dieselfde kant van die snylyn lê in [link] ( a , d ) en ( b , c ) is binnehoeke aan dieselfde kant van die snylyn a + d = 180 , b + c = 180
ooreenkomstige hoeke die hoeke aan dieselfde kant van die snylyn en aan dieselfde kant van die parallelle lyne in [link] ( a , e ) , ( b , f ) , ( c , g ) en ( d , h ) is pare van ooreenkomstige hoeke a = e , b = f , c = g , d = h

Die volgende video som op wat jy tot dusver geleer het.

Khan akademie video oor hoeke - 3

Euclides se Postulaat oor Parallelle Lyne. As 'n reguitlyn, wat twee ander reguitlyne kruis, twee binnehoeke vorm aan dieselfde kant van die snylyn wat saam kleiner is twee regte hoeke (180 ), sal die twee reguitlyne, as hulle oneindig verleng word, mekaar aan daardie kant van die snylyn ontmoet. Hierdie postulaat kan gebruik word om baie identiteite oor hoeke wat gevorm word wanneer twee parallelle lyne deur 'n dwarslyn gesny word, te bewys.
  1. As twee parallelle lyne gesny word met 'n dwarslyn, is die som van die ko-binnehoeke aan dieselfde kant van die snylyn 180 .
  2. As twee parallelle lyne gesny word met 'n dwarslyn, is die verwisslelende binnehoeke ewe groot.
  3. As twee parallelle lyne gesny word met 'n dwarslyn, is die ooreenkomstige hoeke ewe groot.
  4. As twee lyne gesny word met 'n dwarslyn, sodat enige paar ko-binnehoeke aan dieselfde kant van die snylyn supplementêr is, dan is die twee lyne parallel.
  5. As twee lyne gesny word met 'n dwarslyn, sodat enige paar verwisselende binnehoeke gelyk is, dan is die twee lyne parallel.
  6. As twee lyne gesny word met 'n dwarslyn, sodat enige paar ooreenkomstige hoeke gelyk is, dan is die twee lyne parallel.

Vind al die onbekende hoeke in die volgende figure:

  1. AB CD . So x = 30 ° (verwisselende binnehoeke)
  2. 160 + y = 180 y = 20 °
    (ko-binnehoeke aan dieselfde kant van die snylyn)

Bepaal of daar enige parallelle lyne in die volgende figure is:

  1. Lyn EF kan nie parallel wees aan AB of CD nie aangesien dit beide hierdie lyne sny. Lyne AB en CD mag parallel wees.
  2. Ons kan aantoon dat twee lyne parallel is, as ons een van die pare spesiale hoeke kan identifiseer. Ons weet dat E ˆ 2 = 25 ° (teenoorstaande hoeke). Dan let ons op dat
    E ˆ 2 = F ˆ 4 = 25 °
    Dus het ons aangetoon dat AB CD (ooreenkomstige hoeke ewe groot)

Hoeke

  1. Gebruik aangrensende, ooreenkomstige, verwisselende en ko-binnehoeke om al die hoeke wat benoem is met letters in die diagram hieronder, te vind:
  2. Vind al die onbekende hoeke in die figuur hieronder:
  3. Vind die waarde van x in die figuur hieronder:
  4. Bepaal of daar pare parallelle lyne is in die volgende figure:
  5. As AB parallel is aan CD en AB parallel is aan EF, bewys dat CD parallel is aan EF:

Die volgende video wys sekere probleme met hulle oplossings.

Khan akademie video oor hoeke - 4

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Source:  OpenStax, Siyavula textbooks: wiskunde (graad 10) [caps]. OpenStax CNX. Aug 04, 2011 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11328/1.4
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