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Learn about abstract methods, abstract classes, and overridden methods. You will also learn about overriding the toString method.

Revised: Sat Apr 02 20:33:36 CDT 2016

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Table of contents

Preface

This module is one of a series of modules designed to teach you about Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) using Java.

Viewing tip

I recommend that you open another copy of this document in a separate browser window and use the following links to easily find and view the Figures and Listings while you are reading about them.

Figures

  • Figure 1 . Program output on the command line screen.
  • Figure 2 . Default behavior of the toString method.
  • Figure 3 . More on the default behavior of the toString method.

Listings

  • Listing 1 . Source code for class Prob04.
  • Listing 2 . Beginning of the class named Prob04MyClass.
  • Listing 3 . Override the abstract getData method.
  • Listing 4 . Override the toString method.
  • Listing 5 . Complete program listing.

Preview

The program that I will explain in this module produces no graphics and does not require the use of Ericson's media library.

OOP concepts

The program illustrates the following OOP concepts:

  • Extending an abstract class.
  • Parameterized constructor.
  • Defining an abstract method in the superclass and overriding it in a subclass.
  • Overridden toString method.

Program specifications

Write a program named Prob04 that uses the class definition shown in Listing 1 to produce the output on the command-line screen shown in Figure 1 .

Figure 1 . Program output on the command line screen.
Prob04 DickBaldwin 9595

Pseudo random data

Because the program generates and uses a pseudo random data value each time it is run, the actual values displayed in the last two lines of Figure 1 will differ from one run to the next. However, in all cases, the two values must match.

New classes

You may define new classes as necessary to cause your program to behave as required, but you may not modify the class definition for the class named Prob04 given below.

Discussion and sample code

Will explain in fragments

I will explain this program in fragments. A complete listing is provided in Listing 5 near the end of the module.

I will begin with the driver class named Prob04 , which is shown in its entirety in Listing 1 .

Listing 1 . Source code for class Prob04.
import java.util.*; abstract class Prob04{public static void main(String[] args){Random generator = new Random(new Date().getTime()); int randomNumber = (byte)generator.nextInt();Prob04 objRef = new Prob04MyClass(randomNumber);System.out.println(objRef); System.out.println(objRef.getData());System.out.println(randomNumber); }//end main//Declare the signature of an abstract class. public abstract int getData();}//end class Prob04

The import directive

The import directive at the beginning of Listing 1 is required because the program requires access to the Random class and the Date class, both of which are defined in the java.util package.

Questions & Answers

Discuss the differences between taste and flavor, including how other sensory inputs contribute to our  perception of flavor.
John Reply
taste refers to your understanding of the flavor . while flavor one The other hand is refers to sort of just a blend things.
Faith
While taste primarily relies on our taste buds, flavor involves a complex interplay between taste and aroma
Kamara
which drugs can we use for ulcers
Ummi Reply
omeprazole
Kamara
what
Renee
what is this
Renee
is a drug
Kamara
of anti-ulcer
Kamara
Omeprazole Cimetidine / Tagament For the complicated once ulcer - kit
Patrick
what is the function of lymphatic system
Nency Reply
Not really sure
Eli
to drain extracellular fluid all over the body.
asegid
The lymphatic system plays several crucial roles in the human body, functioning as a key component of the immune system and contributing to the maintenance of fluid balance. Its main functions include: 1. Immune Response: The lymphatic system produces and transports lymphocytes, which are a type of
asegid
to transport fluids fats proteins and lymphocytes to the blood stream as lymph
Adama
what is anatomy
Oyindarmola Reply
Anatomy is the identification and description of the structures of living things
Kamara
what's the difference between anatomy and physiology
Oyerinde Reply
Anatomy is the study of the structure of the body, while physiology is the study of the function of the body. Anatomy looks at the body's organs and systems, while physiology looks at how those organs and systems work together to keep the body functioning.
AI-Robot
what is enzymes all about?
Mohammed Reply
Enzymes are proteins that help speed up chemical reactions in our bodies. Enzymes are essential for digestion, liver function and much more. Too much or too little of a certain enzyme can cause health problems
Kamara
yes
Prince
how does the stomach protect itself from the damaging effects of HCl
Wulku Reply
little girl okay how does the stomach protect itself from the damaging effect of HCL
Wulku
it is because of the enzyme that the stomach produce that help the stomach from the damaging effect of HCL
Kamara
function of digestive system
Ali Reply
function of digestive
Ali
the diagram of the lungs
Adaeze Reply
what is the normal body temperature
Diya Reply
37 degrees selcius
Xolo
37°c
Stephanie
please why 37 degree selcius normal temperature
Mark
36.5
Simon
37°c
Iyogho
the normal temperature is 37°c or 98.6 °Fahrenheit is important for maintaining the homeostasis in the body the body regular this temperature through the process called thermoregulation which involves brain skin muscle and other organ working together to maintain stable internal temperature
Stephanie
37A c
Wulku
what is anaemia
Diya Reply
anaemia is the decrease in RBC count hemoglobin count and PVC count
Eniola
what is the pH of the vagina
Diya Reply
how does Lysin attack pathogens
Diya
acid
Mary
I information on anatomy position and digestive system and there enzyme
Elisha Reply
anatomy of the female external genitalia
Muhammad Reply
Organ Systems Of The Human Body (Continued) Organ Systems Of The Human Body (Continued)
Theophilus Reply
what's lochia albra
Kizito
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Source:  OpenStax, Object-oriented programming (oop) with java. OpenStax CNX. Jun 29, 2016 Download for free at https://legacy.cnx.org/content/col11441/1.201
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