# 0.1 Learning objects for control structures in java  (Page 2/5)

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## Conditional expressions

Concept A conditional expression is a shorthand for an if-statement that assigns different values to one variable:

if (expression) var = value1; else var = value2;

This can be rewritten more concisely as:

var = (expression) ? value1 : value2;

The boolean-valued expression is evaluated: If the result is true, value1 is assigned to var ; if not, value2 is assign to var .

Program: Control02.java

// Learning Object Control02 //    conditional expressionspublic class Control02 {     public static void main(/*String[] args*/) {         int year = 2001;        int month = 2;         int days;        if (month == 2)             days = (year % 4 == 0) ? 28 : 29;        else if (month == 4 || month == 6 ||                 month == 9 || month == 11)            days = 30;         else            days = 31;         System.out.println(days);    } }

The program computes the number of days in a month taking leap years into account.

• The variables are allocated and the first two, year and month , are given initial values.
• The expression month == 2 evaluates to true, so the statement following the expression is executed. Jeliot will display Choosing then-branch to emphasize this.
• The inner statement is an assignment statement with a conditional expression. The expression is evaluatedand its result is false, so the value after the colon is assigned to the variable. Jeliot will display Choosing else-branch .
• The value of days is printed.

Exercise Complete the program with the correct computation for leap years: a year divisible by 100 is not a leap year unless itis divisible by 400.

Exercise Rewrite the entire if-statement as nested conditional expressions.

## While loops

Concept A loop enables the execution of a statement (including a block of statements within braces) an arbitrary number of times.This statement is called the loop body . In a while loop, an expression is evaluated before each execution of the loop body,and loop body is executed if and only if the expression evaluates to true.

Program: Control03.java

// Learning Object Control03 //    while loopspublic class Control03 {     static int LIMIT = 100;    public static void main(/*String[] args*/) {        int factorial = 1;         int n = 1;        while (factorial < LIMIT) {             System.out.println(factorial);            n++;             factorial = factorial * n;        }     }}

This program prints all factorials less than LIMIT = 100 , namely, $1!=1$ , $2!=2$ , $3!=6$ , $4!=24$ .

• The static constant and the two variables are allocated and initialized.
• Then, and each time the keyword while is reached, the expression is evaluated. If it is true, execution proceeds with the loop body, andJeliot displays Entering the while loop the first time and Continuing the while loop on subsequent occasions.
• The statements of the loop body are executed. They print the value of the current factorial, increment the counterand compute the new factorial; then, control returns to the while-expression.
• If and when the expression evaluates to false, execution proceeds with the statement following the loop body.Jeliot displays Exiting the while loop .

how to know photocatalytic properties of tio2 nanoparticles...what to do now
it is a goid question and i want to know the answer as well
Maciej
Do somebody tell me a best nano engineering book for beginners?
what is fullerene does it is used to make bukky balls
are you nano engineer ?
s.
fullerene is a bucky ball aka Carbon 60 molecule. It was name by the architect Fuller. He design the geodesic dome. it resembles a soccer ball.
Tarell
what is the actual application of fullerenes nowadays?
Damian
That is a great question Damian. best way to answer that question is to Google it. there are hundreds of applications for buck minister fullerenes, from medical to aerospace. you can also find plenty of research papers that will give you great detail on the potential applications of fullerenes.
Tarell
what is the Synthesis, properties,and applications of carbon nano chemistry
Mostly, they use nano carbon for electronics and for materials to be strengthened.
Virgil
is Bucky paper clear?
CYNTHIA
so some one know about replacing silicon atom with phosphorous in semiconductors device?
Yeah, it is a pain to say the least. You basically have to heat the substarte up to around 1000 degrees celcius then pass phosphene gas over top of it, which is explosive and toxic by the way, under very low pressure.
Harper
Do you know which machine is used to that process?
s.
how to fabricate graphene ink ?
for screen printed electrodes ?
SUYASH
What is lattice structure?
of graphene you mean?
Ebrahim
or in general
Ebrahim
in general
s.
Graphene has a hexagonal structure
tahir
On having this app for quite a bit time, Haven't realised there's a chat room in it.
Cied
what is biological synthesis of nanoparticles
what's the easiest and fastest way to the synthesize AgNP?
China
Cied
types of nano material
I start with an easy one. carbon nanotubes woven into a long filament like a string
Porter
many many of nanotubes
Porter
what is the k.e before it land
Yasmin
what is the function of carbon nanotubes?
Cesar
I'm interested in nanotube
Uday
what is nanomaterials​ and their applications of sensors.
what is nano technology
what is system testing?
preparation of nanomaterial
Yes, Nanotechnology has a very fast field of applications and their is always something new to do with it...
what is system testing
what is the application of nanotechnology?
Stotaw
In this morden time nanotechnology used in many field . 1-Electronics-manufacturad IC ,RAM,MRAM,solar panel etc 2-Helth and Medical-Nanomedicine,Drug Dilivery for cancer treatment etc 3- Atomobile -MEMS, Coating on car etc. and may other field for details you can check at Google
Azam
anybody can imagine what will be happen after 100 years from now in nano tech world
Prasenjit
after 100 year this will be not nanotechnology maybe this technology name will be change . maybe aftet 100 year . we work on electron lable practically about its properties and behaviour by the different instruments
Azam
name doesn't matter , whatever it will be change... I'm taking about effect on circumstances of the microscopic world
Prasenjit
how hard could it be to apply nanotechnology against viral infections such HIV or Ebola?
Damian
silver nanoparticles could handle the job?
Damian
not now but maybe in future only AgNP maybe any other nanomaterials
Azam
Hello
Uday
I'm interested in Nanotube
Uday
this technology will not going on for the long time , so I'm thinking about femtotechnology 10^-15
Prasenjit
can nanotechnology change the direction of the face of the world
how did you get the value of 2000N.What calculations are needed to arrive at it
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