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3.3 Die eienskappe van materiale

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Natuurwetenskappe

Graad 5

Materiaal

Module 29

Eienskappe van materiale

Aktiwiteit:

Om die eienskappe van sekere materiale te ondersoek

[lu 1.1.3; 1.2; 1.3]

1. Polimere

‘n Mens kry natuurlike en mensgemaakte polimere. Proteïne, wat ‘n belangrike boustof in lewende organismes is, is ‘n voorbeeld van ‘n natuurlike polimeer. Sintetiese polimere is eers omtrent ‘n 100 jaar gelede ontdek. Toe was dit baie skaars en duur. Sintetiese polimere kan in twee groepe verdeel word, naamlik vesels en plastiek. Ons gaan hoofsaaklik kyk na plastiek.

Sintetiese Polimere: Plastiek

Plastiek kan helder of kleurvol wees en kan in enige fatsoen gevorm word.

Hoe word plastiek gemaak?

Olie kom diep onder die grond in sekere areas voor. Daar word diep in die grond af geboor om die olie na die oppervlak te bring. Hierdie olie is dik en swart en word ru-olie genoem.

Kyk na die onderstaande kaart en identifiseer die lande waar olie gevind word. Jy mag in ‘n groep werk.

Eksperiment:

Van olie tot plastiek

Kom ons doen ‘n eenvoudige eksperiment om te kyk deur watter proses ru-olie min of meer gaan in die vervaardiging van plastiek:

  • Verhit botter
  • Botter smelt
  • Botter verdeel in twee dele: een deel lig en wit, die ander deel swaar en geel

Wanneer ru-olie verhit word, gebeur min of meer dieselfde. Die ru-olie word na ‘n raffinadery geneem waar dit teen ‘n baie hoë temperatuur verhit word. Die olie verdeel in ligter en donkerder olie. Die ligte olie word gebruik om onder andere plastiek van te maak.

Gebruik van plastiek

Sekere plastiek is hard en word gebruik om tafels en stoele van te maak. Dit word ook toenemend gebruik om motoronderdele te vervaardig wat vroeër van staal gemaak is. Plastiek kan heelwat harder as staal wees.

Ander plastiek is sag en buigbaar. Hierdie plastiek word gebruik om goed soos inkopiesakkies, stortgordyne en reënjasse van te maak.

Plastiek word gebruik om houers vir die stoor van voedsel te maak. Baie produkte op die rakke in supermarkte word in plastiekhouers verpak.

Noem ‘n paar sulke produkte:

Watter rol speel plastiek in behuising?

In informele nedersettings vorm plastiek ook ‘n noodsaaklike deel in die oprigting van ‘n plakkershut. Het jy al waargeneem hoe plastiek benut word en waarom plastiek so ‘n belangrike rol speel? Sê hoe plastiek so ‘n huis teen die wisselende weersomstandighede kan beskerm.

Hoe word plastiek herwin en hoe word die plastiek weer in gebruik geneem? Soek inligting en gee skriftelike terugvoering:

Onthou: Plastiek kan en behoort herwin te word!

I nteressante feite:

Plastiek kan tien keer harder as staal wees en kan hoë temperature weerstaan.

Kredietkaarte word van plastiek gemaak; dit word in die plek van kontantgeld gebruik.

Chirurge gebruik plastiek om allerhande liggaamsdele te vervang, bv. hartkleppe, are, ens.

V oordele van plastiek:

Die gebruike van plastiek het baie werkgeleenthede vir mense in ons land geskep.

Die natuur kan nie genoeg katoen, wol, hout, ens. aan die mense verskaf nie. Dus moet ons van ander materiale soos plastiek gebruik maak.

N adele van plastiek:

Questions & Answers

differentiate between demand and supply giving examples
Lambiv Reply
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Lambiv
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Lambiv
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WARKISA
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Lambiv
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appreciation
Eliyee
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Lindiwe Reply
In economics, a perfect market refers to a theoretical construct where all participants have perfect information, goods are homogenous, there are no barriers to entry or exit, and prices are determined solely by supply and demand. It's an idealized model used for analysis,
Ezea
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Shukri Reply
other things being equal
AI-Robot
When MP₁ becomes negative, TP start to decline. Extuples Suppose that the short-run production function of certain cut-flower firm is given by: Q=4KL-0.6K2 - 0.112 • Where is quantity of cut flower produced, I is labour input and K is fixed capital input (K-5). Determine the average product of lab
Kelo
Extuples Suppose that the short-run production function of certain cut-flower firm is given by: Q=4KL-0.6K2 - 0.112 • Where is quantity of cut flower produced, I is labour input and K is fixed capital input (K-5). Determine the average product of labour (APL) and marginal product of labour (MPL)
Kelo
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Shukri
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Shukri
what is monopoly mean?
Habtamu Reply
What is different between quantity demand and demand?
Shukri Reply
Quantity demanded refers to the specific amount of a good or service that consumers are willing and able to purchase at a give price and within a specific time period. Demand, on the other hand, is a broader concept that encompasses the entire relationship between price and quantity demanded
Ezea
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Shukri
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Economic growth as an increase in the production and consumption of goods and services within an economy.but Economic development as a broader concept that encompasses not only economic growth but also social & human well being.
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Jabir
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Asui
it is a curve that we get after connecting the pareto optimal combinations of two consumers after their mutually beneficial trade offs
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In economics, the contract curve refers to the set of points in an Edgeworth box diagram where both parties involved in a trade cannot be made better off without making one of them worse off. It represents the Pareto efficient allocations of goods between two individuals or entities, where neither p
Cornelius
In economics, the contract curve refers to the set of points in an Edgeworth box diagram where both parties involved in a trade cannot be made better off without making one of them worse off. It represents the Pareto efficient allocations of goods between two individuals or entities,
Cornelius
Suppose a consumer consuming two commodities X and Y has The following utility function u=X0.4 Y0.6. If the price of the X and Y are 2 and 3 respectively and income Constraint is birr 50. A,Calculate quantities of x and y which maximize utility. B,Calculate value of Lagrange multiplier. C,Calculate quantities of X and Y consumed with a given price. D,alculate optimum level of output .
Feyisa Reply
Answer
Feyisa
c
Jabir
the market for lemon has 10 potential consumers, each having an individual demand curve p=101-10Qi, where p is price in dollar's per cup and Qi is the number of cups demanded per week by the i th consumer.Find the market demand curve using algebra. Draw an individual demand curve and the market dema
Gsbwnw Reply
suppose the production function is given by ( L, K)=L¼K¾.assuming capital is fixed find APL and MPL. consider the following short run production function:Q=6L²-0.4L³ a) find the value of L that maximizes output b)find the value of L that maximizes marginal product
Abdureman
types of unemployment
Yomi Reply
What is the difference between perfect competition and monopolistic competition?
Mohammed
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Source:  OpenStax, Natuurwetenskappe graad 5. OpenStax CNX. Sep 23, 2009 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col10980/1.2
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