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Results

In this research investigation, the total number of participants was 1,789 students. Of the five groups of students whose scores were analyzed in this study, the largest group consisted of 702 students with listening disorders, with the second largest group being 605 students with a label of Other Health Impaired. The fewest participants were in the group of students with a label of Muscular Dystrophy ( n = 275). For these five groups of students, students with muscular dystrophy obtained the highest scores on the Performance IQ ( M = 92.66) and the lowest scores on the Full Scale IQ ( M = 70.12). Readers are referred to Table 1 for the descriptive statistics concerning the IQ test scores.

Regarding the normality of the three IQ scores analyzed in this study, the standardized skewness coefficients (i.e., skewness divided by the standard error of skewness) and the standardized kurtosis coefficients (i.e., kurtosis divided by the standard error of kurtosis) were all within the range of +/- 3 (Onwuegbuzie&Daniel, 2002). With all standardized coefficients being within the +/- 3 range, students’ performance on the three IQ measures were determined to be normally distributed. Readers are referred to Table 2 for the standardized coefficients concerning normality of the IQ test scores.

Finally for the last three research questions, the scores of girls and boys were compared. Both girls and boys performed below the average score on the IQ measure ( M = 100). Girls scored higher than boys on the Verbal IQ, the Performance IQ, and on the Full Scale IQ. The difference between girls and boys was greatest on the Verbal IQ, where boys outperformed girls by 13 points, and lowest on the Performance IQ, where girls only outperformed boys by 2 points. Readers are referred to Table 3 for the descriptive statistics for the three IQ measures by gender.

References

Onwuegbuzie, A. J.,&Daniel, L. G. (2002). Uses and misuses of the correlation coefficient. Research in the Schools, 9 (1) , 73-90.

To be compliant with APA 6th edition, students and faculty are to be aware that Table titles are placed "above" the table entry. Titles here are placed below the tables because of special formatting templates and for conciseness of visual presentation.
Descriptive Statistics for Student IQ Scores
Cognitive Measure M SD
Full Scale IQ 77.73 13.54
Verbal IQ 77.97 13.66
Performance IQ 81.14 14.01
Standardized Skewness Coefficients and Standardized Kurtosis Coefficients for Students’ IQ Scores
Cognitive Measure Standardized Skewness Coefficient Standardized Kurtosis Coefficient
Full Scale IQ -1.28 0.89
Verbal IQ 2.03 0.76
Performance IQ -0.99 0.55
Descriptive Statistics for Cognitive Scores by Gender
Descriptive Statistics for Cognitive Scores by Gender
Boys Girls
Cognitive Measure M SD M SD
Full Scale IQ 69.52 15.21 85.88 3.34
Verbal IQ 90.12 18.91 76.99 23.03
Performance IQ 87.99 23.65 89.12 44.31

Output from spss

Tables 4, 5, and 6 below came directly from SPSS output. As such, they are not compliant with APA 6th edition and should not be used in theses, dissertations, or manuscripts. Only Tables 1, 2, and 3above the Output from SPSS are compliant with APA format.
Disability group membership
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Valid Students with Listening Disorders 702 42.5 42.5 42.5
Students with Muscular Dystrophy 275 23.3 23.3 65.7
Students Labeled as Other Health Impaired 605 34.3 34.3 100.0
Total 1789 100.0 100.0
Statistics
Wechsler Full Scale IQ 3 Verbal IQ Performance IQ (Wechsler Performance Intelligence 3)
n 1789 1789 1789
Missing 0 0 2
Mean 70.12 77.97 92.66
Std. Deviation 13.541 13.661 14.005
Skewness -.279 .028 -.177
Std. Error of Skewness .071 .071 .071
Kurtosis .212 .142 .072
Std. Error of Kurtosis .142 .142 .142
Statistics
Gender Wechsler Full Scale IQ 3 Verbal IQ (Wechsler Verbal Intelligence 3) Performance IQ (Wechsler Performance Intelligence 3)
Boys n 522 522 567
Missing 0 0 2
Mean 79.52 80.12 82.17
Std. Deviation 13.512 13.908 13.653
Skewness -.253 .033 -.217
Std. Error of Skewness .101 .101 .101
Kurtosis .374 .291 .255
Std. Error of Kurtosis .201 .201 .201
Girls n 734 734 732
Missing 0 0 0
Mean 75.88 75.75 80.07
Std. Deviation 13.339 13.031 14.307
Skewness -.327 -.046 -.120
Std. Error of Skewness .101 .101 .101
Kurtosis .037 -.084 -.069
Std. Error of Kurtosis .201 .201 .201

Questions & Answers

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Lambiv Reply
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Lambiv
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Lambiv
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information
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Lambiv
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appreciation
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In economics, a perfect market refers to a theoretical construct where all participants have perfect information, goods are homogenous, there are no barriers to entry or exit, and prices are determined solely by supply and demand. It's an idealized model used for analysis,
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Shukri Reply
other things being equal
AI-Robot
When MP₁ becomes negative, TP start to decline. Extuples Suppose that the short-run production function of certain cut-flower firm is given by: Q=4KL-0.6K2 - 0.112 • Where is quantity of cut flower produced, I is labour input and K is fixed capital input (K-5). Determine the average product of lab
Kelo
Extuples Suppose that the short-run production function of certain cut-flower firm is given by: Q=4KL-0.6K2 - 0.112 • Where is quantity of cut flower produced, I is labour input and K is fixed capital input (K-5). Determine the average product of labour (APL) and marginal product of labour (MPL)
Kelo
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Shukri
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Shukri
what is monopoly mean?
Habtamu Reply
What is different between quantity demand and demand?
Shukri Reply
Quantity demanded refers to the specific amount of a good or service that consumers are willing and able to purchase at a give price and within a specific time period. Demand, on the other hand, is a broader concept that encompasses the entire relationship between price and quantity demanded
Ezea
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Economic growth as an increase in the production and consumption of goods and services within an economy.but Economic development as a broader concept that encompasses not only economic growth but also social & human well being.
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Jabir
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it is a curve that we get after connecting the pareto optimal combinations of two consumers after their mutually beneficial trade offs
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In economics, the contract curve refers to the set of points in an Edgeworth box diagram where both parties involved in a trade cannot be made better off without making one of them worse off. It represents the Pareto efficient allocations of goods between two individuals or entities, where neither p
Cornelius
In economics, the contract curve refers to the set of points in an Edgeworth box diagram where both parties involved in a trade cannot be made better off without making one of them worse off. It represents the Pareto efficient allocations of goods between two individuals or entities,
Cornelius
Suppose a consumer consuming two commodities X and Y has The following utility function u=X0.4 Y0.6. If the price of the X and Y are 2 and 3 respectively and income Constraint is birr 50. A,Calculate quantities of x and y which maximize utility. B,Calculate value of Lagrange multiplier. C,Calculate quantities of X and Y consumed with a given price. D,alculate optimum level of output .
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Answer
Feyisa
c
Jabir
the market for lemon has 10 potential consumers, each having an individual demand curve p=101-10Qi, where p is price in dollar's per cup and Qi is the number of cups demanded per week by the i th consumer.Find the market demand curve using algebra. Draw an individual demand curve and the market dema
Gsbwnw Reply
suppose the production function is given by ( L, K)=L¼K¾.assuming capital is fixed find APL and MPL. consider the following short run production function:Q=6L²-0.4L³ a) find the value of L that maximizes output b)find the value of L that maximizes marginal product
Abdureman
types of unemployment
Yomi Reply
What is the difference between perfect competition and monopolistic competition?
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Source:  OpenStax, Presenting and communicating your statistical findings: model writeups. OpenStax CNX. Apr 27, 2011 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11299/1.3
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