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Natuurwetenskappe

Graad 9

Plante: van bou tot genetika

Module 29

Plantorgane: blomme

Blomplante (Angiosperme) is die volopste en suksesvolste plantgroep op aarde. Die geheim lê deels in die manier waarop hulle hulself voortplant. Die sleutel tot hierdie geheim lê in die bou en werking van blomme. Die feit dat hierdie voortplantingsmetode ook GESLAGTELIK is, maak dit nog meer suksesvol.

Die blom is dus ‘n struktuur waar beide manlike en vroulike strukture van die plant teenwoordig is. Soms is dit wel in aparte blomme, maar meestal saam in een tweeslagtige blom.

Aktiwiteit 1:

Om blomme as voortplantingstrukture te kan beskryf

[lu 2.2; 2.3]

Opdrag 1:

  1. Neem ‘n blom en sny dit in die lengte deur. Die Petunia is ‘n goeie voorbeeld. Maak ‘n skets van die blom om al sy dele te toon (sonder byskrifte).
  1. Noem die funksies van elk van die volgende (soek dit op of vra jou onderwyser om te help):
Helmknop:
Helmdraad:
Stempel:
Styl:
Vrugbeginsel:
Saadknop:
Kroonblaar:
Kelkblaar:
Meeldraad:
Stamper:
Blomsteel:
  1. Probeer nou al die dele by no. 2 op jou skets by no. 1 aandui.

4. Beantwoord die volgende vrae:

Wat noem ons die groep plante wat blomme dra?

Is alle blomsoorte kleurvol? Verduidelik.

Ruik alle blomme geurig? Verduidelik.

Wat is die funksie van alle blomme?

Assessering van Sketse

Kon jy basiese verskille onderskei?

[LU 2.2; 2.3]

Aktiwiteit 2:

Om bestuiwing as 'n noodsaaklike proses in die voortplanting van blomplante te beskryf

[lu 1.1; 1.2; 1.3; 2.4]

Bestuiwing is die proses waardeur ‘n ryp stuifmeelkorrel moet land op ‘n ryp stempel van dieselfde soort plant.

Opdrag 1:

1. Hoekom moet die stuifmeelkorrel ryp wees?

2. Hoekom moet die stempel ryp en ontvanklik wees?

3. Hoekom moet dit dieselfde soort plant wees?

Elke plant se stuifmeelkorrelstruktuur is mikroskopies anders. Dit verseker dat ‘n stuifmeelkorrel amper soos ‘n slot in ‘n sleutel moet pas. Sodra ‘n ryp stuifmeelkorrel geland het, begin dit ontkiem.

Opdrag 2:

Doen ‘n bietjie naslaanwerk oor stuifmeelkorrels en stempels van verskillende soorte plante.

Stel ‘n sketsblad saam van die verskillende soorte wat jy kon opspoor.

Assessering van Naslaanwerk

Kon jy basiese verskille onderskei?

[LU 1.1; 1.2; 1.3]

Opdrag 2:

Ontwerp jou eie blom na aanleiding van die volgende leidrade.

Jou blom is ‘n eksotiese soort waarvan daar baie min is. Dit groei hoog in die berge waar daar omtrent geen insekte is nie. Dit moet staat maak op die wind om bestuiwing te bewerkstellig. Jou meganisme waarmee bestuiwing moet plaasvind, gaan absoluut bepaal hoe jou blom se bou gaan lyk.

Assessering van Ontwerp

Kon jy basiese verskille onderskei?

[LU 2.4]

Aktiwiteit 3:

Om bevrugting as 'n noodsaaklike proses in die voortplanting van blomplante te beskryf

[lu 2.1; 2.2]

Ons het reeds genoem dat daar twee hoofprosesse is wat moet plaasvind: bestuiwing en bevrugting. Ons weet nou wat bestuiwing is en dat die uiteindelike mikpunt is om by die ryp saadknoppe uit te kom en dit te bevrug.

Bevrugting is die samesmelting van die spesiale kerninhoude (gamete) van ‘n stuifmeelkorrel en ‘n saadknop

Die kerninhoud waarna verwys word, is spesiale molekules met ‘n kode of “plan” van hoe die nuwe plant moet lyk. Ons noem dit die chromatiennetwerk en dit bestaan uit die molekule wat bekend is as DNA. Jy sal later leer waarvoor dit presies staan.

Questions & Answers

how does Neisseria cause meningitis
Nyibol Reply
what is microbiologist
Muhammad Reply
what is errata
Muhammad
is the branch of biology that deals with the study of microorganisms.
Ntefuni Reply
What is microbiology
Mercy Reply
studies of microbes
Louisiaste
when we takee the specimen which lumbar,spin,
Ziyad Reply
How bacteria create energy to survive?
Muhamad Reply
Bacteria doesn't produce energy they are dependent upon their substrate in case of lack of nutrients they are able to make spores which helps them to sustain in harsh environments
_Adnan
But not all bacteria make spores, l mean Eukaryotic cells have Mitochondria which acts as powerhouse for them, since bacteria don't have it, what is the substitution for it?
Muhamad
they make spores
Louisiaste
what is sporadic nd endemic, epidemic
Aminu Reply
the significance of food webs for disease transmission
Abreham
food webs brings about an infection as an individual depends on number of diseased foods or carriers dully.
Mark
explain assimilatory nitrate reduction
Esinniobiwa Reply
Assimilatory nitrate reduction is a process that occurs in some microorganisms, such as bacteria and archaea, in which nitrate (NO3-) is reduced to nitrite (NO2-), and then further reduced to ammonia (NH3).
Elkana
This process is called assimilatory nitrate reduction because the nitrogen that is produced is incorporated in the cells of microorganisms where it can be used in the synthesis of amino acids and other nitrogen products
Elkana
Examples of thermophilic organisms
Shu Reply
Give Examples of thermophilic organisms
Shu
advantages of normal Flora to the host
Micheal Reply
Prevent foreign microbes to the host
Abubakar
they provide healthier benefits to their hosts
ayesha
They are friends to host only when Host immune system is strong and become enemies when the host immune system is weakened . very bad relationship!
Mark
what is cell
faisal Reply
cell is the smallest unit of life
Fauziya
cell is the smallest unit of life
Akanni
ok
Innocent
cell is the structural and functional unit of life
Hasan
is the fundamental units of Life
Musa
what are emergency diseases
Micheal Reply
There are nothing like emergency disease but there are some common medical emergency which can occur simultaneously like Bleeding,heart attack,Breathing difficulties,severe pain heart stock.Hope you will get my point .Have a nice day ❣️
_Adnan
define infection ,prevention and control
Innocent
I think infection prevention and control is the avoidance of all things we do that gives out break of infections and promotion of health practices that promote life
Lubega
Heyy Lubega hussein where are u from?
_Adnan
en français
Adama
which site have a normal flora
ESTHER Reply
Many sites of the body have it Skin Nasal cavity Oral cavity Gastro intestinal tract
Safaa
skin
Asiina
skin,Oral,Nasal,GIt
Sadik
How can Commensal can Bacteria change into pathogen?
Sadik
How can Commensal Bacteria change into pathogen?
Sadik
all
Tesfaye
by fussion
Asiina
what are the advantages of normal Flora to the host
Micheal
what are the ways of control and prevention of nosocomial infection in the hospital
Micheal
what is inflammation
Shelly Reply
part of a tissue or an organ being wounded or bruised.
Wilfred
what term is used to name and classify microorganisms?
Micheal Reply
Binomial nomenclature
adeolu
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Source:  OpenStax, Natuurwetenskappe graad 9. OpenStax CNX. Sep 15, 2009 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11068/1.1
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