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Natuurwetenskappe

Graad 5

Energie en verandering

Module 32

Die uitwerking van energie op die toestand van 'n stof

Aktiwiteit 1:

Om te kan verduidelik hoekom energie die toestand van 'n stof bepaal

[lu 2.1]

  • As gevolg van wisselende temperature word stowwe (materie) in die wêreld om ons voortdurend groter (uitsetting) of kleiner (inkrimping). Die meeste stowwe (vastestowwe, vloeistowwe of gasse) sit uit wanneer dit verhit word en krimp wanneer dit afgekoel word.

Alle materie bestaan uit klein deeltjies (atome) wat voortdurend heen en weer beweeg en teen mekaar bots. Die deeltjies en hul beweging is baie, baie klein en ons kan dit nie sien nie. Vir ons lyk 'n stuk yster bloot soos 'n harde, soliede stuk metaal, maar selfs die hardste metaal bestaan uit sulke bewegende deeltjies (atome).

Materie sit uit as dit verhit word omdat die atome waaruit dit bestaan energie absorbeer en dus meer beweeg en harder teen mekaar bots. Die atome word dus van mekaar af weg geforseer en die stof sit uit.

Wanneer die temperatuur daal (die stof verloor hitte), verloor die deeltjies energie en beweeg minder. Die spasie tussen hulle word kleiner omdat hulle minder teen mekaar bots, en die stof krimp.

Inkrimping

Uitsetting

Kom ons kyk nou na hierdie uitwerking van energie op vaste stowwe, vloeistowwe en gasse.

Verfris jou geheue. Voltooi die volgende sin deur die woorde vastestowwe of vloeistowwe of gasse in te vul:

By normale toestande (kamertemperatuur, gewone lugdruk) neem

die vorm van die houer waarin dit gehou word

aan, terwyl die fatsoen van nie verander nie

en die meeste in alle rigtings versprei en die

beskikbare ruimte vul.

Aktiwiteit 2:

Om die uitwerking van energie op vastestowwe te bepaal

[lu 1.2.1; 1.2.2; 1.3]

Jou onderwyser gaan 'n demonstrasie doen. Kyk mooi wat gebeur en beantwoord die vrae wat volg.

  • Hy / sy neem ‘n glashouer met ingelegde kos.
  • Hy / sy probeer die fles oopdraai. Dis glad nie so maklik nie.

Waarom?

  • Hy / sy hou die gedeelte met die deksel vir 'n rukkie onder 'n kraan lopende warm water of in 'n houer met warm water. Hy probeer weer die deksel afskroef.

Gaan dit makliker?

Verklaar:

  • Onthou dus: vaste stowwe sit uit as hulle verwarm word, maar almal sit nie eweveel uit nie. Metale sit meer uit as ander vaste stowwe.

Kom ons kyk na voorbeelde in ons alledaagse lewe:

Treinspore se stawe moet gelê word met spasies tussenin, want tydens verhitting (hoër temperature) sal die metaal uitsit en sonder die nodige spasies tussenin sal die spoor buig.

Die ruit vir 'n venster word gewoonlik kleiner as die raam gesny, omdat albei (veral as dit ‘n staalraam is) op warm dae uitsit en op koue dae inkrimp.

Wat kan gebeur indien die ruit presies in die raam pas?

Sien jy die verskil tussen die twee prente?

Verduidelik aan 'n maat wat plaasvind. Maak nou jul eie afleiding en skryf dit neer.

Kyk of jy die volgende in die wetenskaplaboratorium kan kry:

'n Saamgestelde staaf

'n Koperbal-en-ring

  1. Verhit die saamgestelde staaf in 'n vlammetjie (kers of spirituslampie). Wat gebeur?
  1. Watter metaal is aan die buitekant van die kromming?

Questions & Answers

it is the relatively stable flow of income
Chidubem Reply
what is circular flow of income
Divine Reply
branches of macroeconomics
SHEDRACK Reply
what is Flexible exchang rate?
poudel Reply
is gdp a reliable measurement of wealth
Atega Reply
introduction to econometrics
Husseini Reply
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Tom
Why is unemployment rate never zero at full employment?
Priyanka Reply
bcoz of existence of frictional unemployment in our economy.
Umashankar
what is flexible exchang rate?
poudel
due to existence of the pple with disabilities
Abdulraufu
the demand of a good rises, causing the demand for another good to fall
Rushawn Reply
is it possible to leave every good at the same level
Joseph
I don't think so. because check it, if the demand for chicken increases, people will no longer consume fish like they used to causing a fall in the demand for fish
Anuolu
is not really possible to let the value of a goods to be same at the same time.....
Salome
Suppose the inflation rate is 6%, does it mean that all the goods you purchase will cost 6% more than previous year? Provide with reasoning.
Geetha Reply
Not necessarily. To measure the inflation rate economists normally use an averaged price index of a basket of certain goods. So if you purchase goods included in the basket, you will notice that you pay 6% more, otherwise not necessarily.
Waeth
discus major problems of macroeconomics
Alii Reply
what is the problem of macroeconomics
Yoal
Economic growth Stable prices and low unemployment
Ephraim
explain inflationcause and itis degre
Miresa Reply
what is inflation
Getu
increase in general price levels
WEETO
Good day How do I calculate this question: C= 100+5yd G= 2000 T= 2000 I(planned)=200. Suppose the actual output is 3000. What is the level of planned expenditures at this level of output?
Chisomo Reply
how to calculate actual output?
Chisomo
how to calculate the equilibrium income
Beshir
Criteria for determining money supply
Thapase Reply
who we can define macroeconomics in one line
Muhammad
Aggregate demand
Mohammed
C=k100 +9y and i=k50.calculate the equilibrium level of output
Mercy Reply
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A unit of account is something that can be used to value goods and services and make calculations
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Muhammad
I want to know how can we define macroeconomics in one line
Muhammad
it must be .9 or 0.9 no Mpc is greater than 1 Y=100+.9Y+50 Y-.9Y=150 0.1Y/0.1=150/0.1 Y=1500
Kalombe
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Kalombe
hi can someone help me on this question If a negative shocks shifts the IS curve to the left, what type of policy do you suggest so as to stabilize the level of output? discuss your answer using appropriate graph.
Galge Reply
if interest rate is increased this will will reduce the level of income shifting the curve to the left ◀️
Kalombe
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Source:  OpenStax, Natuurwetenskappe graad 5. OpenStax CNX. Sep 23, 2009 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col10980/1.2
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