<< Chapter < Page Chapter >> Page >

Natuurwetenskappe

Graad 8

Energie: elektrisiteit, energie, warmte en lig

Module 10

Hitte en temperatuur

Hitte is ‘n soort energie – alle atome / molekules vibreer. Ons ervaar dit as hitte.

Temperatuur is die meting van hoe vinnig die molekules beweeg.

Hoe meet jy temperatuur?

‘n Termometer word gebruik. Dit bestaan uit ‘n glasbuis met ‘n vloeistof, bv. kwik, daarin wat uitsit tydens verhitting.

Wat is absolute zero ?

Dit is die koudste moontlike temperatuur waarby molekules of atome glad nie meer kan beweeg nie. Dit gebeur by –273,15 ºC of by 0 op die Kelvin-skaal. Dit is in ‘n Finse laboratorium gemeet.

Vind uit: Wat is die Kelvin-skaal ?

Jy weet seker dat ‘n mens temperatuur op ‘n Celsius-skaal of Fahrenheit-skaal kan meet. Sommige toestelle meet in Fahrenheit, bv. oonde, terwyl ander weer Celsius gebruik.

Hoe skakel jy Fahrenheit om na Celsius?

(Grade F – 32) ÷ 9 x 5 = C

Om Celsius na Fahrenheit om te skakel:

F = C ÷ 5 x 9 + 32

Aktiwiteit 1:

Om temperatuuromskakeling te verstaan

[lu 2.4]

Opdrag 1:

Het jy geweet?

1. Die hoogste temperatuur wat ooit op aarde gemeet is, was 720 miljoen°F, tydens ‘n kernfusie-eksperiment in Amerika.

Hoeveel is dit in ºC?

2. Die hoogste lugtemperatuur gemeet, was 58ºC in Libië.

Hoeveel ºF is dit?

3. Die laagste lugtemperatuur gemeet was in Antarktika en dit was –190 ºF.

Hoeveel ºC is dit?

Probeer gerus: www. convert-me.com

Hitteoordrag

Aktiwiteit 2:

Om hitte-oordragterme en -begrippe vas te stel

[lu 2.1, 2.3, 2.4]

Opdrag 1:

Voltooi:

Daar is verskillende terme wat hitte-oordrag beskryf:

KONVEKSIE:

GELEIDING:

STRALING

Hitte en Water

Water het ‘n uitsonderlike hittehouvermoë.

Dit neem baie energie voordat ‘n massa water met 1 ºC styg of daal.

Daar is verskeie faktore betrokke:

  • Water is ‘n vloeistof.
  • Water is deurskynend en ligstrale kan tot 20 m diep penetreer.
  • Watermassa het golwe en strome en vertikale beweging wat hitte kan versprei.

As jy die hittehouvermoë van die land en die oseane vergelyk, sal jy besef dat dit baie verskil.

Warmtekapasiteit

Ons weet reeds dat warmte ‘n verandering in temperatuur veroorsaak en dat die eenheid van hierdie warmte in Joule gemeet word, aangesien dit ‘n soort energie is.

Spesifieke warmtekapasiteit is die hoeveelheid warmte wat oorgedra (benodig/vrygestel) word as die temperatuur van ‘n stof met 1 ºC of 1 K verander.

Water is die duurste om te verhit, omdat groot hoeveelhede warmte vereis word om die temperatuur slegs ‘n paar grade te laat styg. Water sal egter ook groot hoeveelhede warmte lewer, indien dit afkoel.

Die uitwerking hiervan is die duidelikste op oseane, wat groot watermassas is. Dit verhit baie stadig, maar hou dan lank die warmte.

Opdrag 2:

  1. Verduidelik hoekom kusdorpe so ‘n gematigde temperatuur het as jy dit vergelyk met binnelandse dorpe.

2. Koel tee die vinnigste af wanneer jy eers koue melk byvoeg en dit dan laat staan of wanneer jy dit eers laat staan en dan koue melk byvoeg? Verduidelik.

3. Hoekom is die water by die strand lekker warm op ‘n koue dag as dit op ‘n paar warm dae volg?

4. Watter faktore dra by tot water se besondere warmtekapasiteit?

Questions & Answers

Discuss the differences between taste and flavor, including how other sensory inputs contribute to our  perception of flavor.
John Reply
taste refers to your understanding of the flavor . while flavor one The other hand is refers to sort of just a blend things.
Faith
While taste primarily relies on our taste buds, flavor involves a complex interplay between taste and aroma
Kamara
which drugs can we use for ulcers
Ummi Reply
omeprazole
Kamara
what
Renee
what is this
Renee
is a drug
Kamara
of anti-ulcer
Kamara
Omeprazole Cimetidine / Tagament For the complicated once ulcer - kit
Patrick
what is the function of lymphatic system
Nency Reply
Not really sure
Eli
to drain extracellular fluid all over the body.
asegid
The lymphatic system plays several crucial roles in the human body, functioning as a key component of the immune system and contributing to the maintenance of fluid balance. Its main functions include: 1. Immune Response: The lymphatic system produces and transports lymphocytes, which are a type of
asegid
to transport fluids fats proteins and lymphocytes to the blood stream as lymph
Adama
what is anatomy
Oyindarmola Reply
Anatomy is the identification and description of the structures of living things
Kamara
what's the difference between anatomy and physiology
Oyerinde Reply
Anatomy is the study of the structure of the body, while physiology is the study of the function of the body. Anatomy looks at the body's organs and systems, while physiology looks at how those organs and systems work together to keep the body functioning.
AI-Robot
what is enzymes all about?
Mohammed Reply
Enzymes are proteins that help speed up chemical reactions in our bodies. Enzymes are essential for digestion, liver function and much more. Too much or too little of a certain enzyme can cause health problems
Kamara
yes
Prince
how does the stomach protect itself from the damaging effects of HCl
Wulku Reply
little girl okay how does the stomach protect itself from the damaging effect of HCL
Wulku
it is because of the enzyme that the stomach produce that help the stomach from the damaging effect of HCL
Kamara
function of digestive system
Ali Reply
function of digestive
Ali
the diagram of the lungs
Adaeze Reply
what is the normal body temperature
Diya Reply
37 degrees selcius
Xolo
37°c
Stephanie
please why 37 degree selcius normal temperature
Mark
36.5
Simon
37°c
Iyogho
the normal temperature is 37°c or 98.6 °Fahrenheit is important for maintaining the homeostasis in the body the body regular this temperature through the process called thermoregulation which involves brain skin muscle and other organ working together to maintain stable internal temperature
Stephanie
37A c
Wulku
what is anaemia
Diya Reply
anaemia is the decrease in RBC count hemoglobin count and PVC count
Eniola
what is the pH of the vagina
Diya Reply
how does Lysin attack pathogens
Diya
acid
Mary
I information on anatomy position and digestive system and there enzyme
Elisha Reply
anatomy of the female external genitalia
Muhammad Reply
Organ Systems Of The Human Body (Continued) Organ Systems Of The Human Body (Continued)
Theophilus Reply
what's lochia albra
Kizito
Got questions? Join the online conversation and get instant answers!
Jobilize.com Reply

Get Jobilize Job Search Mobile App in your pocket Now!

Get it on Google Play Download on the App Store Now




Source:  OpenStax, Natuurwetenskappe graad 8. OpenStax CNX. Sep 12, 2009 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11049/1.1
Google Play and the Google Play logo are trademarks of Google Inc.

Notification Switch

Would you like to follow the 'Natuurwetenskappe graad 8' conversation and receive update notifications?

Ask