2.1 Regional and international agreements  (Page 2/2)

Local development should aim towards a land reform plan that will attempt to transfer ineffective, debt-ridden, ecology-threatening farm ownership to those who want to earn an income from farming in a more sustainable manner. Improved access to affordable services and infrastructure is a prerequisite, especially in the former “homelands”.

Activity 2: land reform

Discuss land reform and make suggestions about what can/should be done to effect land reform in South Africa in a manner that will allow “better” distribution of available land without running the risk of doing damage to production or economic development. (Refer to the present situation in Zimbabwe.)

• Provide a report of two pages, at most, for presentation to the class, and summarise the report.

It is accepted that sustainable reconstruction and development in South Africa presupposes sustainable reconstruction and development in Southern Africa as continued joblessness and under-employment in one region can result in migration to other regions, with detrimental results for those economies. That is why continuous negotiation with neighbouring states remains important for finding a common basis for co-operation, co-ordination and integration. In spite of the fact that present trade patterns between South Africa and the rest of Africa are relatively unbalanced (South African exports to the rest of Africa exceeds those of the rest of Africa to South Africa by five to one), fresh negotiations in this area should focus on achieving a better balance. There should be an attempt to improve possibilities for manufacturing in neighbouring states, so that the possibility of exportation can improve accordingly. The development of regional and industrial strategies for specific sub-sectors, e.g. mineral enrichment, motorcar parts and textiles can be mentioned as examples. The development of combined and mutually advantageous projects with regard, for instance, to water sources, electricity and power supply, transport and communication, and agriculture and food production for the region should also be encouraged.

Activity3: regional co-operation

Do research on the ways in which regional co-operation occurs with regard to the use of water sources in Southern Africa. Refer to existing projects and provide a brief description of each.

Activity4: states in southern africa

Provide (or draw) a map of Southern Africa to show the states that border on South Africa. Also show the products that South Africa exports to its neighbours and the products that are imported from them.

Assessering

Memorandum

ACTIVITY 1: HOMELANDS POLICY

Identify the former independent and self-governing states that existed under the previous dispensation.

Independent states:VENDA, BOPHUTHATSWANA, TRANSKEI EN CISKEI

Self-governing states:QwaQwa, KwaNDEBELE, KWAZULU, LEBOWA, GAZANKULU, KaNGWANE

ACTIVITY 2: LAND REFORM

The groups are to state their points of view with regard to land reform in South Africa, and should be encouraged to discuss the issue in regard to the present situation in Zimbabwe.

ACTIVITY 3: REGIONAL CO-OPERATION

The learners are required to do research on the Lesotho Highland Project and on the Cabora Bassa project and should be encouraged to point out the value of the projects as examples of regional co-operation.

ACTIVITY 4: STATES IN SOUTHERN AFRICA

Each learner has to design and present a map of South Africa on which imports and exports are indicated (the main products only).