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For the following exercises, divide the rational expressions.

3 y 2 7 y 6 2 y 2 3 y 9 ÷ y 2 + y 2 2 y 2 + y 3

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6 p 2 + p 12 8 p 2 + 18 p + 9 ÷ 6 p 2 11 p + 4 2 p 2 + 11 p 6

p + 6 4 p + 3

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q 2 9 q 2 + 6 q + 9 ÷ q 2 2 q 3 q 2 + 2 q 3

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18 d 2 + 77 d 18 27 d 2 15 d + 2 ÷ 3 d 2 + 29 d 44 9 d 2 15 d + 4

2 d + 9 d + 11

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16 x 2 + 18 x 55 32 x 2 36 x 11 ÷ 2 x 2 + 17 x + 30 4 x 2 + 25 x + 6

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144 b 2 25 72 b 2 6 b 10 ÷ 18 b 2 21 b + 5 36 b 2 18 b 10

12 b + 5 3 b −1

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16 a 2 24 a + 9 4 a 2 + 17 a 15 ÷ 16 a 2 9 4 a 2 + 11 a + 6

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22 y 2 + 59 y + 10 12 y 2 + 28 y 5 ÷ 11 y 2 + 46 y + 8 24 y 2 10 y + 1

4 y −1 y + 4

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9 x 2 + 3 x 20 3 x 2 7 x + 4 ÷ 6 x 2 + 4 x 10 x 2 2 x + 1

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For the following exercises, add and subtract the rational expressions, and then simplify.

4 x + 10 y

10 x + 4 y x y

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4 a + 1 + 5 a 3

9 a 7 a 2 2 a 3

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y + 3 y 2 + y 3 y + 1

2 y 2 y + 9 y 2 y 2

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x 1 x + 1 2 x + 3 2 x + 1

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3 z z + 1 + 2 z + 5 z 2

5 z 2 + z + 5 z 2 z 2

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x x + 1 + y y + 1

x + 2 x y + y x + x y + y + 1

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For the following exercises, simplify the rational expression.

2 a + 7 b b

2 b + 7 a a b 2

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3 a + b 6 2 b 3 a

18 + a b 4 b

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3 x + 1 + 2 x 1 x 1 x + 1

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a b b a a + b a b

a b

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2 c c + 2 + c 1 c + 1 2 c + 1 c + 1

3 c 2 + 3 c 2 2 c 2 + 5 c + 2

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Real-world applications

Brenda is placing tile on her bathroom floor. The area of the floor is 15 x 2 8 x 7 ft 2 . The area of one tile is x 2 2 x + 1 ft 2 . To find the number of tiles needed, simplify the rational expression: 15 x 2 8 x 7 x 2 2 x + 1 .

A rectangle that’s labeled: Area = fifteen times x squared minus eight times x minus seven.

15 x + 7 x −1

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The area of Sandy’s yard is 25 x 2 625 ft 2 . A patch of sod has an area of x 2 10 x + 25 ft 2 . Divide the two areas and simplify to find how many pieces of sod Sandy needs to cover her yard.

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Aaron wants to mulch his garden. His garden is x 2 + 18 x + 81 ft 2 . One bag of mulch covers x 2 81 ft 2 . Divide the expressions and simplify to find how many bags of mulch Aaron needs to mulch his garden.

x + 9 x −9

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Extensions

For the following exercises, perform the given operations and simplify.

x 2 + x 6 x 2 2 x 3 2 x 2 3 x 9 x 2 x 2 ÷ 10 x 2 + 27 x + 18 x 2 + 2 x + 1

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3 y 2 10 y + 3 3 y 2 + 5 y 2 2 y 2 3 y 20 2 y 2 y 15 y 4

1 y + 2

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4 a + 1 2 a 3 + 2 a 3 2 a + 3 4 a 2 + 9 a

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x 2 + 7 x + 12 x 2 + x 6 ÷ 3 x 2 + 19 x + 28 8 x 2 4 x 24 ÷ 2 x 2 + x 3 3 x 2 + 4 x 7

4

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Chapter review exercises

Real Numbers: Algebra Essentials

For the following exercises, perform the given operations.

( 5 3 2 ) 2 6

−5

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64 ÷ ( 2 8 ) + 14 ÷ 7

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For the following exercises, solve the equation.

For the following exercises, simplify the expression.

9 ( y + 2 ) ÷ 3 2 + 1

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3 m ( 4 + 7 ) m

32 m

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For the following exercises, identify the number as rational, irrational, whole, or natural. Choose the most descriptive answer.

Exponents and Scientific Notation

For the following exercises, simplify the expression.

6 a 2 a 0 2 a −4

a 6

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4 −2 x 3 y −3 2 x 0

x 3 32 y 3

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( 16 a 3 b 2 ) ( 4 a b −1 ) −2

a

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Write the number in standard notation: 2.1314 × 10 −6

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Write the number in scientific notation: 16,340,000

1.634 × 10 7

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Radicals and Rational Expressions

For the following exercises, find the principal square root.

Polynomials

For the following exercises, perform the given operations and simplify.

( 3 x 3 + 2 x 1 ) + ( 4 x 2 2 x + 7 )

3 x 3 + 4 x 2 + 6

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( 2 y + 1 ) ( 2 y 2 2 y 5 )

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( 2 x 2 + 3 x 6 ) + ( 3 x 2 4 x + 9 )

5 x 2 x + 3

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( 6 a 2 + 3 a + 10 ) ( 6 a 2 −3 a + 5 )

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( k + 3 ) ( k 6 )

k 2 3 k 18

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( 2 h + 1 ) ( 3 h 2 )

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( x + 1 ) ( x 2 + 1 )

x 3 + x 2 + x + 1

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( m 2 ) ( m 2 + 2 m 3 )

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( a + 2 b ) ( 3 a b )

3 a 2 + 5 a b 2 b 2

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Factoring Polynomials

For the following exercises, find the greatest common factor.

81 p + 9 p q 27 p 2 q 2

9 p

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12 x 2 y + 4 x y 2 −18 x y

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88 a 3 b + 4 a 2 b 144 a 2

4 a 2

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For the following exercises, factor the polynomial.

8 a 2 + 30 a 27

( 4 a 3 ) ( 2 a + 9 )

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x 2 + 10 x + 25

( x + 5 ) 2

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4 h 2 12 h k + 9 k 2

( 2 h 3 k ) 2

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p 3 + 216

( p + 6 ) ( p 2 6 p + 36 )

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64 q 3 27 p 3

( 4 q 3 p ) ( 16 q 2 + 12 p q + 9 p 2 )

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4 x ( x 1 ) 1 4 + 3 ( x 1 ) 3 4

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3 p ( p + 3 ) 1 3 −8 ( p + 3 ) 4 3

( p + 3 ) 1 3 ( −5 p 24 )

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4 r ( 2 r 1 ) 2 3 5 ( 2 r 1 ) 1 3

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Rational Expressions

For the following exercises, simplify the expression.

x 2 x 12 x 2 8 x + 16

x + 3 x 4

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4 y 2 25 4 y 2 20 y + 25

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2 a 2 a 3 2 a 2 6 a 8 5 a 2 19 a 4 10 a 2 13 a 3

1 2

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d 4 d 2 9 d 3 d 2 16

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m 2 + 5 m + 6 2 m 2 5 m 3 ÷ 2 m 2 + 3 m 9 4 m 2 4 m 3

m + 2 m 3

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4 d 2 7 d 2 6 d 2 17 d + 10 ÷ 8 d 2 + 6 d + 1 6 d 2 + 7 d 10

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10 x + 6 y

6 x + 10 y x y

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12 a 2 + 2 a + 1 3 a 2 −1

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1 d + 2 c 6 c + 12 d d c

1 6

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Chapter practice test

For the following exercises, identify the number as rational, irrational, whole, or natural. Choose the most descriptive answer.

For the following exercises, evaluate the equations.

2 ( x + 3 ) 12 = 18

x = 12

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y ( 3 + 3 ) 2 26 = 10

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Write the number in standard notation: 3.1415 × 10 6

3,141,500

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Write the number in scientific notation: 0.0000000212.

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For the following exercises, simplify the expression.

−2 ( 2 + 3 2 ) 2 + 144

16

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4 ( x + 3 ) ( 6 x + 2 )

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6 24 + 7 54 12 6

21 6

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( 13 q 3 + 2 q 2 3 ) ( 6 q 2 + 5 q 3 )

13 q 3 4 q 2 5 q

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( 6 p 2 + 2 p + 1 ) + ( 9 p 2 −1 )

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( n 2 ) ( n 2 4 n + 4 )

n 3 6 n 2 + 12 n 8

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( a 2 b ) ( 2 a + b )

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For the following exercises, factor the polynomial.

16 x 2 81

( 4 x + 9 ) ( 4 x 9 )

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27 c 3 1331

( 3 c 11 ) ( 9 c 2 + 33 c + 121 )

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3 x ( x 6 ) 1 4 + 2 ( x 6 ) 3 4

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For the following exercises, simplify the expression.

2 z 2 + 7 z + 3 z 2 9 4 z 2 15 z + 9 4 z 2 1

4 z 3 2 z 1

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a 2 b 2 b 9 a 3 a 2 b 6 a

3 a + 2 b 3 b

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Questions & Answers

Discuss the differences between taste and flavor, including how other sensory inputs contribute to our  perception of flavor.
John Reply
taste refers to your understanding of the flavor . while flavor one The other hand is refers to sort of just a blend things.
Faith
While taste primarily relies on our taste buds, flavor involves a complex interplay between taste and aroma
Kamara
which drugs can we use for ulcers
Ummi Reply
omeprazole
Kamara
what
Renee
what is this
Renee
is a drug
Kamara
of anti-ulcer
Kamara
Omeprazole Cimetidine / Tagament For the complicated once ulcer - kit
Patrick
what is the function of lymphatic system
Nency Reply
Not really sure
Eli
to drain extracellular fluid all over the body.
asegid
The lymphatic system plays several crucial roles in the human body, functioning as a key component of the immune system and contributing to the maintenance of fluid balance. Its main functions include: 1. Immune Response: The lymphatic system produces and transports lymphocytes, which are a type of
asegid
to transport fluids fats proteins and lymphocytes to the blood stream as lymph
Adama
what is anatomy
Oyindarmola Reply
Anatomy is the identification and description of the structures of living things
Kamara
what's the difference between anatomy and physiology
Oyerinde Reply
Anatomy is the study of the structure of the body, while physiology is the study of the function of the body. Anatomy looks at the body's organs and systems, while physiology looks at how those organs and systems work together to keep the body functioning.
AI-Robot
what is enzymes all about?
Mohammed Reply
Enzymes are proteins that help speed up chemical reactions in our bodies. Enzymes are essential for digestion, liver function and much more. Too much or too little of a certain enzyme can cause health problems
Kamara
yes
Prince
how does the stomach protect itself from the damaging effects of HCl
Wulku Reply
little girl okay how does the stomach protect itself from the damaging effect of HCL
Wulku
it is because of the enzyme that the stomach produce that help the stomach from the damaging effect of HCL
Kamara
function of digestive system
Ali Reply
function of digestive
Ali
the diagram of the lungs
Adaeze Reply
what is the normal body temperature
Diya Reply
37 degrees selcius
Xolo
37°c
Stephanie
please why 37 degree selcius normal temperature
Mark
36.5
Simon
37°c
Iyogho
the normal temperature is 37°c or 98.6 °Fahrenheit is important for maintaining the homeostasis in the body the body regular this temperature through the process called thermoregulation which involves brain skin muscle and other organ working together to maintain stable internal temperature
Stephanie
37A c
Wulku
what is anaemia
Diya Reply
anaemia is the decrease in RBC count hemoglobin count and PVC count
Eniola
what is the pH of the vagina
Diya Reply
how does Lysin attack pathogens
Diya
acid
Mary
I information on anatomy position and digestive system and there enzyme
Elisha Reply
anatomy of the female external genitalia
Muhammad Reply
Organ Systems Of The Human Body (Continued) Organ Systems Of The Human Body (Continued)
Theophilus Reply
what's lochia albra
Kizito
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Source:  OpenStax, Algebra and trigonometry. OpenStax CNX. Nov 14, 2016 Download for free at https://legacy.cnx.org/content/col11758/1.6
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