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Find the product.

( 3 x + 2 ) ( x 3 4 x 2 + 7 )

3 x 4 −10 x 3 −8 x 2 + 21 x + 14

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Using foil to multiply binomials

A shortcut called FOIL is sometimes used to find the product of two binomials. It is called FOIL because we multiply the f irst terms, the o uter terms, the i nner terms, and then the l ast terms of each binomial.

Two quantities in parentheses are being multiplied, the first being: a times x plus b and the second being: c times x plus d. This expression equals ac times x squared plus ad times x plus bc times x plus bd. The terms ax and cx are labeled: First Terms. The terms ax and d are labeled: Outer Terms. The terms b and cx are labeled: Inner Terms. The terms b and d are labeled: Last Terms.

The FOIL method arises out of the distributive property. We are simply multiplying each term of the first binomial by each term of the second binomial, and then combining like terms.

Given two binomials, use FOIL to simplify the expression.

  1. Multiply the first terms of each binomial.
  2. Multiply the outer terms of the binomials.
  3. Multiply the inner terms of the binomials.
  4. Multiply the last terms of each binomial.
  5. Add the products.
  6. Combine like terms and simplify.

Using foil to multiply binomials

Use FOIL to find the product.

( 2 x - 18 ) ( 3 x + 3 )

Find the product of the first terms.

Find the product of the outer terms.

Find the product of the inner terms.

Find the product of the last terms.

6 x 2 + 6 x 54 x 54 Add the products . 6 x 2 + ( 6 x 54 x ) 54 Combine like terms . 6 x 2 48 x 54 Simplify .

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Use FOIL to find the product.

( x + 7 ) ( 3 x 5 )

3 x 2 + 16 x −35

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Perfect square trinomials

Certain binomial products have special forms. When a binomial is squared, the result is called a perfect square trinomial    . We can find the square by multiplying the binomial by itself. However, there is a special form that each of these perfect square trinomials takes, and memorizing the form makes squaring binomials much easier and faster. Let’s look at a few perfect square trinomials to familiarize ourselves with the form.

  ( x + 5 ) 2 = x 2 + 10 x + 25 ( x 3 ) 2 =    x 2 6 x + 9 ( 4 x 1 ) 2 = 16 x 2 8 x + 1

Notice that the first term of each trinomial is the square of the first term of the binomial and, similarly, the last term of each trinomial is the square of the last term of the binomial. The middle term is double the product of the two terms. Lastly, we see that the first sign of the trinomial is the same as the sign of the binomial.

Perfect square trinomials

When a binomial is squared, the result is the first term squared added to double the product of both terms and the last term squared.

( x + a ) 2 = ( x + a ) ( x + a ) = x 2 + 2 a x + a 2

Given a binomial, square it using the formula for perfect square trinomials.

  1. Square the first term of the binomial.
  2. Square the last term of the binomial.
  3. For the middle term of the trinomial, double the product of the two terms.
  4. Add and simplify.

Expanding perfect squares

Expand ( 3 x 8 ) 2 .

Begin by squaring the first term and the last term. For the middle term of the trinomial, double the product of the two terms.

( 3 x ) 2 2 ( 3 x ) ( 8 ) + ( −8 ) 2

Simplify

9 x 2 48 x + 64.

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Expand ( 4 x 1 ) 2 .

16 x 2 −8 x + 1

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Difference of squares

Another special product is called the difference of squares    , which occurs when we multiply a binomial by another binomial with the same terms but the opposite sign. Let’s see what happens when we multiply ( x + 1 ) ( x 1 ) using the FOIL method.

( x + 1 ) ( x 1 ) = x 2 x + x 1 = x 2 1

The middle term drops out, resulting in a difference of squares. Just as we did with the perfect squares, let’s look at a few examples.

Questions & Answers

A golfer on a fairway is 70 m away from the green, which sits below the level of the fairway by 20 m. If the golfer hits the ball at an angle of 40° with an initial speed of 20 m/s, how close to the green does she come?
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2. A sled plus passenger with total mass 50 kg is pulled 20 m across the snow (0.20) at constant velocity by a force directed 25° above the horizontal. Calculate (a) the work of the applied force, (b) the work of friction, and (c) the total work.
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you have been hired as an espert witness in a court case involving an automobile accident. the accident involved car A of mass 1500kg which crashed into stationary car B of mass 1100kg. the driver of car A applied his brakes 15 m before he skidded and crashed into car B. after the collision, car A s
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Nevermind i just realied that the graph is the phons output for a person with normal hearing and not just the phons output of the sound waves power, I should read the entire thing next time
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Follow up question, does anyone know where I can find a graph that accuretly depicts the actual relative "power" output of sound over its frequency instead of just humans hearing
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A string is 3.00 m long with a mass of 5.00 g. The string is held taut with a tension of 500.00 N applied to the string. A pulse is sent down the string. How long does it take the pulse to travel the 3.00 m of the string?
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Source:  OpenStax, Algebra and trigonometry. OpenStax CNX. Nov 14, 2016 Download for free at https://legacy.cnx.org/content/col11758/1.6
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