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Listed are 29 ages for Academy Award winning best actors in order from smallest to largest.
18; 21; 22; 25; 26; 27; 29; 30; 31; 33; 36; 37; 41; 42; 47; 52; 55; 57; 58; 62; 64; 67; 69; 71; 72; 73; 74; 76; 77

  1. Find the percentile for 58.
  2. Find the percentile for 25.
  1. Counting from the bottom of the list, there are 18 data values less than 58. There is one value of 58.

    x = 18 and y = 1. x + 0.5 y n (100) = 18 + 0.5 ( 1 ) 29 (100) = 63.80. 58 is the 64 th percentile.

  2. Counting from the bottom of the list, there are three data values less than 25. There is one value of 25.

    x = 3 and y = 1. x + 0.5 y n (100) = 3 + 0.5 ( 1 ) 29 (100) = 12.07. Twenty-five is the 12 th percentile.

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Listed are 30 ages for Academy Award winning best actors in order from smallest to largest.

18; 21; 22; 25; 26; 27; 29; 30; 31, 31; 33; 36; 37; 41; 42; 47; 52; 55; 57; 58; 62; 64; 67; 69; 71; 72; 73; 74; 76; 77
Find the percentiles for 47 and 31.

Percentile for 47: Counting from the bottom of the list, there are 15 data values less than 47. There is one value of 47.

x = 15 and y = 1. x + 0.5 y n (100) = 15 + 0.5 ( 1 ) 29 (100) = 53.45. 47 is the 53 rd percentile.

Percentile for 31: Counting from the bottom of the list, there are eight data values less than 31. There are two values of 31.

x = 15 and y = 2. x + 0.5 y n (100) = 15 + 0.5 ( 2 ) 29 (100) = 31.03. 31 is the 31 st percentile.

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Interpreting percentiles, quartiles, and median

A percentile indicates the relative standing of a data value when data are sorted into numerical order from smallest to largest. Percentages of data values are less than or equal to the pth percentile. For example, 15% of data values are less than or equal to the 15 th percentile.

  • Low percentiles always correspond to lower data values.
  • High percentiles always correspond to higher data values.

A percentile may or may not correspond to a value judgment about whether it is "good" or "bad." The interpretation of whether a certain percentile is "good" or "bad" depends on the context of the situation to which the data applies. In some situations, a low percentile would be considered "good;" in other contexts a high percentile might be considered "good". In many situations, there is no value judgment that applies.

Understanding how to interpret percentiles properly is important not only when describing data, but also when calculating probabilities in later chapters of this text.

Guideline

When writing the interpretation of a percentile in the context of the given data, the sentence should contain the following information.

  • information about the context of the situation being considered
  • the data value (value of the variable) that represents the percentile
  • the percent of individuals or items with data values below the percentile
  • the percent of individuals or items with data values above the percentile.

On a timed math test, the first quartile for time it took to finish the exam was 35 minutes. Interpret the first quartile in the context of this situation.

  • Twenty-five percent of students finished the exam in 35 minutes or less.
  • Seventy-five percent of students finished the exam in 35 minutes or more.
  • A low percentile could be considered good, as finishing more quickly on a timed exam is desirable. (If you take too long, you might not be able to finish.)
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Source:  OpenStax, Introductory statistics. OpenStax CNX. May 06, 2016 Download for free at http://legacy.cnx.org/content/col11562/1.18
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