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f ( t ) = 2 ( t 1 ) ( t + 2 ) ( t 3 )

y -intercept is ( 0 , 12 ) , t -intercepts are ( 1 , 0 ) ; ( 2 , 0 ) ; and  ( 3 , 0 ) .

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g ( n ) = 2 ( 3 n 1 ) ( 2 n + 1 )

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f ( x ) = x 4 16

y -intercept is ( 0 , 16 ) . x -intercepts are ( 2 , 0 ) and ( 2 , 0 ) .

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f ( x ) = x ( x 2 2 x 8 )

y -intercept is ( 0 , 0 ) . x -intercepts are ( 0 , 0 ) , ( 4 , 0 ) , and ( 2 ,   0 ) .

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f ( x ) = ( x + 3 ) ( 4 x 2 1 )

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Graphical

For the following exercises, determine the least possible degree of the polynomial function shown.

For the following exercises, determine whether the graph of the function provided is a graph of a polynomial function. If so, determine the number of turning points and the least possible degree for the function.

Graph of an odd-degree polynomial.

Yes. Number of turning points is 2. Least possible degree is 3.

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Graph of an even-degree polynomial.

Yes. Number of turning points is 1. Least possible degree is 2.

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Graph of an odd-degree polynomial.

Yes. Number of turning points is 0. Least possible degree is 1.

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Graph of an odd-degree polynomial.

Yes. Number of turning points is 0. Least possible degree is 1.

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Numeric

For the following exercises, make a table to confirm the end behavior of the function.

f ( x ) = x 4 5 x 2

x f ( x )
10 9,500
100 99,950,000
–10 9,500
–100 99,950,000

as x , f ( x ) , as x , f ( x )

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f ( x ) = x 2 ( 1 x ) 2

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f ( x ) = ( x 1 ) ( x 2 ) ( 3 x )

x f ( x )
10 –504
100 –941,094
–10 1,716
–100 1,061,106

as x , f ( x ) , as x , f ( x )

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f ( x ) = x 5 10 x 4

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Technology

For the following exercises, graph the polynomial functions using a calculator. Based on the graph, determine the intercepts and the end behavior.

f ( x ) = x 3 ( x 2 )

Graph of f(x)=x^3(x-2).

The y - intercept is ( 0 ,   0 ) . The x - intercepts are ( 0 ,   0 ) ,   ( 2 ,   0 ) . As x , f ( x ) , as x , f ( x )

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f ( x ) = x ( x 3 ) ( x + 3 )

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f ( x ) = x ( 14 2 x ) ( 10 2 x )

Graph of f(x)=x(14-2x)(10-2x).

The y - intercept is ( 0 , 0 ) . The x - intercepts are ( 0 ,   0 ) ,   ( 5 ,   0 ) ,   ( 7 ,   0 ) . As x , f ( x ) , as x , f ( x )

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f ( x ) = x ( 14 2 x ) ( 10 2 x ) 2

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f ( x ) = x 3 16 x

The y - intercept is ( 0 ,   0 ) . The x - intercept is ( 4 ,   0 ) ,   ( 0 ,   0 ) ,   ( 4 ,   0 ) . A s x , f ( x ) , as x , f ( x )

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f ( x ) = x 4 81

Graph of f(x)=x^3-27.

The y - intercept is ( 0 ,   81 ) . The x - intercept are ( 3 ,   0 ) ,   ( 3 ,   0 ) . As x , f ( x ) , as x , f ( x )

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f ( x ) = x 3 + x 2 + 2 x

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f ( x ) = x 3 2 x 2 15 x

Graph of f(x)=-x^3+x^2+2x.

The y - intercept is ( 0 ,   0 ) . The x - intercepts are ( 3 ,   0 ) ,   ( 0 ,   0 ) ,   ( 5 ,   0 ) . As x , f ( x ) , as x , f ( x )

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f ( x ) = x 3 0.01 x

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Extensions

For the following exercises, use the information about the graph of a polynomial function to determine the function. Assume the leading coefficient is 1 or –1. There may be more than one correct answer.

The y - intercept is ( 0 , 4 ) . The x - intercepts are ( 2 , 0 ) , ( 2 , 0 ) . Degree is 2.

End behavior: as x , f ( x ) , as x , f ( x ) .

f ( x ) = x 2 4

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The y - intercept is ( 0 , 9 ) . The x - intercepts are ( 3 , 0 ) , ( 3 , 0 ) . Degree is 2.

End behavior: as x , f ( x ) , as x , f ( x ) .

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The y - intercept is ( 0 , 0 ) . The x - intercepts are ( 0 , 0 ) , ( 2 , 0 ) . Degree is 3.

End behavior: as x , f ( x ) , as x , f ( x ) .

f ( x ) = x 3 4 x 2 + 4 x

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The y - intercept is ( 0 , 1 ) . The x - intercept is ( 1 , 0 ) . Degree is 3.

End behavior: as x , f ( x ) , as x , f ( x ) .

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The y - intercept is ( 0 , 1 ) . There is no x - intercept. Degree is 4.

End behavior: as x , f ( x ) , as x , f ( x ) .

f ( x ) = x 4 + 1

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Real-world applications

For the following exercises, use the written statements to construct a polynomial function that represents the required information.

An oil slick is expanding as a circle. The radius of the circle is increasing at the rate of 20 meters per day. Express the area of the circle as a function of d , the number of days elapsed.

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A cube has an edge of 3 feet. The edge is increasing at the rate of 2 feet per minute. Express the volume of the cube as a function of m , the number of minutes elapsed.

V ( m ) = 8 m 3 + 36 m 2 + 54 m + 27

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A rectangle has a length of 10 inches and a width of 6 inches. If the length is increased by x inches and the width increased by twice that amount, express the area of the rectangle as a function of x .

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An open box is to be constructed by cutting out square corners of x - inch sides from a piece of cardboard 8 inches by 8 inches and then folding up the sides. Express the volume of the box as a function of x .

V ( x ) = 4 x 3 32 x 2 + 64 x

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A rectangle is twice as long as it is wide. Squares of side 2 feet are cut out from each corner. Then the sides are folded up to make an open box. Express the volume of the box as a function of the width ( x ).

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Questions & Answers

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A wave is described by the function D(x,t)=(1.6cm) sin[(1.2cm^-1(x+6.8cm/st] what are:a.Amplitude b. wavelength c. wave number d. frequency e. period f. velocity of speed.
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A body is projected upward at an angle 45° 18minutes with the horizontal with an initial speed of 40km per second. In hoe many seconds will the body reach the ground then how far from the point of projection will it strike. At what angle will the horizontal will strike
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Suppose hydrogen and oxygen are diffusing through air. A small amount of each is released simultaneously. How much time passes before the hydrogen is 1.00 s ahead of the oxygen? Such differences in arrival times are used as an analytical tool in gas chromatography.
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Source:  OpenStax, Precalculus. OpenStax CNX. Jan 19, 2016 Download for free at https://legacy.cnx.org/content/col11667/1.6
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