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What are the amplitude, period, and phase shift for the function?

amplitude: 8,000; period: 10; phase shift: 0

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Over this domain, when does the population reach 18,000? 13,000?

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What is the predicted population in 2007? 2010?

In 2007, the predicted population is 4,413. In 2010, the population will be 11,924.

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For the following exercises, suppose a weight is attached to a spring and bobs up and down, exhibiting symmetry.

Suppose the graph of the displacement function is shown in [link] , where the values on the x -axis represent the time in seconds and the y -axis represents the displacement in inches. Give the equation that models the vertical displacement of the weight on the spring.

A graph of a consine function over one period. Graphed on the domain of [0,10]. Range is [-5,5].
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At time = 0, what is the displacement of the weight?

5 in.

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At what time does the displacement from the equilibrium point equal zero?

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What is the time required for the weight to return to its initial height of 5 inches? In other words, what is the period for the displacement function?

10 seconds

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Inverse Trigonometric Functions

For the following exercises, find the exact value without the aid of a calculator.

sin 1 ( cos ( π 6 ) )

π 3

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cos 1 ( tan ( 3 π 4 ) )

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sin ( sec 1 ( 3 5 ) )

No solution

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cot ( sin 1 ( 3 5 ) )

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tan ( cos 1 ( 5 13 ) )

12 5

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sin ( cos 1 ( x x + 1 ) )

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Graph f ( x ) = cos x and f ( x ) = sec x on the interval [ 0 , 2 π ) and explain any observations.

The graphs are not symmetrical with respect to the line y = x . They are symmetrical with respect to the y -axis.

A graph of cosine of x and secant of x. Cosine of x has maximums where secant has minimums and vice versa. Asymptotes at x=-3pi/2, -pi/2, pi/2, and 3pi/2.
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Graph f ( x ) = sin x and f ( x ) = csc x and explain any observations.

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Graph the function f ( x ) = x 1 x 3 3 ! + x 5 5 ! x 7 7 ! on the interval [ 1 , 1 ] and compare the graph to the graph of f ( x ) = sin x on the same interval. Describe any observations.

The graphs appear to be identical.

Two graphs of two identical functions on the interval [-1 to 1]. Both graphs appear sinusoidal.
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Chapter practice test

For the following exercises, sketch the graph of each function for two full periods. Determine the amplitude, the period, and the equation for the midline.

f ( x ) = 0.5 sin x

amplitude: 0.5; period: 2 π ; midline y = 0

A graph of two periods of a sinusoidal function, graphed over -2pi to 2pi. The range is [-0.5,0.5]. X-intercepts at multiples of pi.
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f ( x ) = 5 sin x

amplitude: 5; period: 2 π ; midline: y = 0

Two periods of a sine function, graphed over -2pi to 2pi. The range is [-5,5], amplitude of 5, period of 2pi.
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f ( x ) = cos ( x + π 3 ) + 1

amplitude: 1; period: 2 π ; midline: y = 1

A graph of two periods of a cosine function, graphed over -7pi/3 to 5pi/3. Range is [0,2], Period is 2pi, amplitude is1.
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f ( x ) = 5 sin ( 3 ( x π 6 ) ) + 4

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f ( x ) = 3 cos ( 1 3 x 5 π 6 )

amplitude: 3; period: 6 π ; midline: y = 0

A graph of two periods of a cosine function, over -7pi/2 to 17pi/2. The range is [-3,3], period is 6pi, and amplitude is 3.
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f ( x ) = 2 tan ( x 7 π 6 ) + 2

amplitude: none; period:   π ;   midline:   y = 0 , asymptotes:   x = 2 π 3 + π k , where   k   is an integer

A graph of two periods of a tangent function over -5pi/6 to 7pi/6. Period is pi, midline at y=0.
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f ( x ) = π cos ( 3 x + π )

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f ( x ) = 5 csc ( 3 x )

amplitude: none; period:   2 π 3 ;   midline:   y = 0 , asymptotes:   x = π 3 k , where   k   is an integer

A graph of two periods of a cosecant functinon, over -2pi/3 to 2pi/3. Vertical asymptotes at multiples of pi/3. Period of 2pi/3.
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f ( x ) = π sec ( π 2 x )

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f ( x ) = 2 csc ( x + π 4 ) 3

amplitude: none; period: 2 π ; midline: y = 3

A graph of two periods of a cosecant function, graphed from -9pi/4 to 7pi/4. Period is 2pi, midline at y=-3.
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For the following exercises, determine the amplitude, period, and midline of the graph, and then find a formula for the function.

Give in terms of a sine function.

A graph of two periods of a sine function, graphed from -2 to 2. Range is [-6,-2], period is 2, and amplitude is 2.
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Give in terms of a sine function.

A graph of two periods of a sine function, graphed over -2 to 2. Range is [-2,2], period is 2, and amplitude is 2.

amplitude: 2; period: 2; midline: y = 0 ; f ( x ) = 2 sin ( π ( x 1 ) )

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Give in terms of a tangent function.

A graph of two periods of a tangent function, graphed over -3pi/4 to 5pi/4. Vertical asymptotes at x=-pi/4, 3pi/4. Period is pi.
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For the following exercises, find the amplitude, period, phase shift, and midline.

y = sin ( π 6 x + π ) 3

amplitude: 1; period: 12; phase shift: −6 ; midline y = −3

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y = 8 sin ( 7 π 6 x + 7 π 2 ) + 6

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The outside temperature over the course of a day can be modeled as a sinusoidal function. Suppose you know the temperature is 68°F at midnight and the high and low temperatures during the day are 80°F and 56°F, respectively. Assuming t is the number of hours since midnight, find a function for the temperature, D , in terms of t .

D ( t ) = 68 12 sin ( π 12 x )

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Water is pumped into a storage bin and empties according to a periodic rate. The depth of the water is 3 feet at its lowest at 2:00 a.m. and 71 feet at its highest, which occurs every 5 hours. Write a cosine function that models the depth of the water as a function of time, and then graph the function for one period.

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For the following exercises, find the period and horizontal shift of each function.

g ( x ) = 3 tan ( 6 x + 42 )

period: π 6 ; horizontal shift: −7

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n ( x ) = 4 csc ( 5 π 3 x 20 π 3 )

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Write the equation for the graph in [link] in terms of the secant function and give the period and phase shift.

A graph of 2 periods of a secant function, graphed over -2 to 2. The period is 2 and there is no phase shift.

f ( x ) = sec ( π x ) ; period: 2; phase shift: 0

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If tan x = 3 , find tan ( x ) .

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If sec x = 4 , find sec ( x ) .

4

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For the following exercises, graph the functions on the specified window and answer the questions.

Graph m ( x ) = sin ( 2 x ) + cos ( 3 x ) on the viewing window [ 10 , 10 ] by [ 3 , 3 ] . Approximate the graph’s period.

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Graph n ( x ) = 0.02 sin ( 50 π x ) on the following domains in x : [ 0 , 1 ] and [ 0 , 3 ] . Suppose this function models sound waves. Why would these views look so different?

The views are different because the period of the wave is 1 25 . Over a bigger domain, there will be more cycles of the graph.

Two side-by-side graphs of a sinusodial function. The first graph is graphed over 0 to 1, the second graph is graphed over 0 to 3. There are many periods for each.
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Graph f ( x ) = sin x x on [ 0.5 , 0.5 ] and explain any observations.

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For the following exercises, let f ( x ) = 3 5 cos ( 6 x ) .

What is the largest possible value for f ( x ) ?

3 5

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What is the smallest possible value for f ( x ) ?

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Where is the function increasing on the interval [ 0 , 2 π ] ?

On the approximate intervals ( 0.5 , 1 ) , ( 1.6 , 2.1 ) , ( 2.6 , 3.1 ) , ( 3.7 , 4.2 ) , ( 4.7 , 5.2 ) , ( 5.6 , 6.28 )

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For the following exercises, find and graph one period of the periodic function with the given amplitude, period, and phase shift.

Sine curve with amplitude 3, period π 3 , and phase shift ( h , k ) = ( π 4 , 2 )

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Cosine curve with amplitude 2, period π 6 , and phase shift ( h , k ) = ( π 4 , 3 )

f ( x ) = 2 cos ( 12 ( x + π 4 ) ) + 3

A graph of one period of a cosine function, graphed over -pi/4 to 0. Range is [1,5], period is pi/6.
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For the following exercises, graph the function. Describe the graph and, wherever applicable, any periodic behavior, amplitude, asymptotes, or undefined points.

f ( x ) = 5 cos ( 3 x ) + 4 sin ( 2 x )

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f ( x ) = e sin t

This graph is periodic with a period of 2 π .

A graph of two periods of a sinusoidal function, The graph has a period of 2pi.
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For the following exercises, find the exact value.

cos 1 ( sin ( π ) )

π 2

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cos 1 ( tan ( 7 π 4 ) )

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cos ( sin 1 ( 1 2 x ) )

1 ( 1 2 x ) 2

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cos ( tan 1 ( x 2 ) )

1 1 + x 4

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For the following exercises, suppose sin t = x x + 1 .

Given [link] , find the measure of angle θ to three decimal places. Answer in radians.

An illustration of a right triangle with angle theta. Opposite the angle theta is a side with length 12, adjacent to the angle theta is a side with length 19.
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For the following exercises, determine whether the equation is true or false.

arcsin ( sin ( 5 π 6 ) ) = 5 π 6

False

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arccos ( cos ( 5 π 6 ) ) = 5 π 6

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The grade of a road is 7%. This means that for every horizontal distance of 100 feet on the road, the vertical rise is 7 feet. Find the angle the road makes with the horizontal in radians.

approximately 0.07 radians

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Questions & Answers

it is the relatively stable flow of income
Chidubem Reply
what is circular flow of income
Divine Reply
branches of macroeconomics
SHEDRACK Reply
what is Flexible exchang rate?
poudel Reply
is gdp a reliable measurement of wealth
Atega Reply
introduction to econometrics
Husseini Reply
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Tom
Why is unemployment rate never zero at full employment?
Priyanka Reply
bcoz of existence of frictional unemployment in our economy.
Umashankar
what is flexible exchang rate?
poudel
due to existence of the pple with disabilities
Abdulraufu
the demand of a good rises, causing the demand for another good to fall
Rushawn Reply
is it possible to leave every good at the same level
Joseph
I don't think so. because check it, if the demand for chicken increases, people will no longer consume fish like they used to causing a fall in the demand for fish
Anuolu
is not really possible to let the value of a goods to be same at the same time.....
Salome
Suppose the inflation rate is 6%, does it mean that all the goods you purchase will cost 6% more than previous year? Provide with reasoning.
Geetha Reply
Not necessarily. To measure the inflation rate economists normally use an averaged price index of a basket of certain goods. So if you purchase goods included in the basket, you will notice that you pay 6% more, otherwise not necessarily.
Waeth
discus major problems of macroeconomics
Alii Reply
what is the problem of macroeconomics
Yoal
Economic growth Stable prices and low unemployment
Ephraim
explain inflationcause and itis degre
Miresa Reply
what is inflation
Getu
increase in general price levels
WEETO
Good day How do I calculate this question: C= 100+5yd G= 2000 T= 2000 I(planned)=200. Suppose the actual output is 3000. What is the level of planned expenditures at this level of output?
Chisomo Reply
how to calculate actual output?
Chisomo
how to calculate the equilibrium income
Beshir
Criteria for determining money supply
Thapase Reply
who we can define macroeconomics in one line
Muhammad
Aggregate demand
Mohammed
C=k100 +9y and i=k50.calculate the equilibrium level of output
Mercy Reply
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money as unit of account means what?
Kalombe
A unit of account is something that can be used to value goods and services and make calculations
Jim
all of you please speak in English I can't understand you're language
Muhammad
I want to know how can we define macroeconomics in one line
Muhammad
it must be .9 or 0.9 no Mpc is greater than 1 Y=100+.9Y+50 Y-.9Y=150 0.1Y/0.1=150/0.1 Y=1500
Kalombe
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Kalombe
hi can someone help me on this question If a negative shocks shifts the IS curve to the left, what type of policy do you suggest so as to stabilize the level of output? discuss your answer using appropriate graph.
Galge Reply
if interest rate is increased this will will reduce the level of income shifting the curve to the left ◀️
Kalombe
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Source:  OpenStax, Precalculus. OpenStax CNX. Jan 19, 2016 Download for free at https://legacy.cnx.org/content/col11667/1.6
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