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The Big Bang that began the universe is estimated to have released 1 0 68 J of energy. How many stars could half this energy create, assuming the average star’s mass is 4.00 × 10 30 kg ?

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A supernova explosion of a 2.00 × 10 31 kg star produces 1.00 × 10 44 J of energy. (a) How many kilograms of mass are converted to energy in the explosion? (b) What is the ratio Δ m / m of mass destroyed to the original mass of the star?

a. 1.11 × 10 27 kg ; b. 5.56 × 10 5

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(a) Using data from Potential Energy of a System , calculate the mass converted to energy by the fission of 1.00 kg of uranium. (b) What is the ratio of mass destroyed to the original mass, Δ m / m ?

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(a) Using data from Potential Energy of a System , calculate the amount of mass converted to energy by the fusion of 1.00 kg of hydrogen. (b) What is the ratio of mass destroyed to the original mass, Δ m / m ? (c) How does this compare with Δ m / m for the fission of 1.00 kg of uranium?

a. 7.1 × 10 −3 kg ; b. 7.1 × 10 3 = 7.1 × 10 3 ; c. Δ m m is greater for hydrogen

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There is approximately 1 0 34 J of energy available from fusion of hydrogen in the world’s oceans. (a) If 1 0 33 J of this energy were utilized, what would be the decrease in mass of the oceans? (b) How great a volume of water does this correspond to? (c) Comment on whether this is a significant fraction of the total mass of the oceans.

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A muon has a rest mass energy of 105.7 MeV, and it decays into an electron and a massless particle. (a) If all the lost mass is converted into the electron’s kinetic energy, find γ for the electron. (b) What is the electron’s velocity?

a. 208; b. 0.999988 c ; six digits used to show difference from c

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A π -meson is a particle that decays into a muon and a massless particle. The π -meson has a rest mass energy of 139.6 MeV, and the muon has a rest mass energy of 105.7 MeV. Suppose the π -meson is at rest and all of the missing mass goes into the muon’s kinetic energy. How fast will the muon move?

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(a) Calculate the relativistic kinetic energy of a 1000-kg car moving at 30.0 m/s if the speed of light were only 45.0 m/s. (b) Find the ratio of the relativistic kinetic energy to classical.

a. 6.92 × 10 5 J ; b. 1.54

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Alpha decay is nuclear decay in which a helium nucleus is emitted. If the helium nucleus has a mass of 6.80 × 10 −27 kg and is given 5.00 MeV of kinetic energy, what is its velocity?

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(a) Beta decay is nuclear decay in which an electron is emitted. If the electron is given 0.750 MeV of kinetic energy, what is its velocity? (b) Comment on how the high velocity is consistent with the kinetic energy as it compares to the rest mass energy of the electron.

a. 0.914 c ; b. The rest mass energy of an electron is 0.511 MeV, so the kinetic energy is approximately 150% of the rest mass energy. The electron should be traveling close to the speed of light.

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Additional problems

(a) At what relative velocity is γ = 1.50 ? (b) At what relative velocity is γ = 100 ?

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(a) At what relative velocity is γ = 2.00 ? (b) At what relative velocity is γ = 10.0 ?

a. 0.866 c ; b. 0.995 c

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Unreasonable Results (a) Find the value of γ required for the following situation. An earthbound observer measures 23.9 h to have passed while signals from a high-velocity space probe indicate that 24.0 h have passed on board. (b) What is unreasonable about this result? (c) Which assumptions are unreasonable or inconsistent?

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Questions & Answers

what is force
Afework Reply
The different examples for collision
Afework
What is polarization and there are type
Muhammed Reply
Polarization is the process of transforming unpolarized light into polarized light. types of polarization 1. linear polarization. 2. circular polarization. 3. elliptical polarization.
Eze
Describe what you would see when looking at a body whose temperature is increased from 1000 K to 1,000,000 K
Aishwarya Reply
how is tan ninety minus an angle equals to cot an angle?
Niicommey Reply
please I don't understand all about this things going on here
Jeremiah Reply
What is torque?
Matthew Reply
In physics and mechanics, torque is the rotational equivalent of linear force. It is also referred to as the moment, moment of force, rotational force or turning effect, depending on the field of study.
Teka
Torque refers to the rotational force. i.e Torque = Force × radius.
Arun
Torque is the rotational equivalent of force . Specifically, it is a force exerted at a distance from an object's axis of rotation. In the same way that a force applied to an object will cause it to move linearly, a torque applied to an object will cause it to rotate around a pivot point.
Teka
Torque is the rotational equivalence of force . So, a net torque will cause an object to rotate with an angular acceleration. Because all rotational motions have an axis of rotation, a torque must be defined about a rotational axis. A torque is a force applied to a point on an object about the axis
Teka
When a missle is shot from one spaceship towards another, it leaves the first at 0.950c and approaches the other at 0.750c. what is the relative velocity of the two shipd
Marifel Reply
how to convert:m^3/s^2 all divided by kg to cm^3/s^2
Thibaza Reply
Is there any proof of existence of luminiferious aether ?
Zero Reply
mass conversion of 58.73kg =mg
Proactive Reply
is Space time fabric real
Godawari Reply
What's the relationship between the work function and the cut off frequency in the diagram above?
frankline Reply
due to the upthrust weight of the object varise with force in which the body fall into the water pendincular with the reflection of light with it
Gift
n=I/r
Gift
can someone explain what is going on here
falanga
so some pretty easy physics questions bring em
falanga
what is meant by fluctuated
Olasukanmi Reply
If n=cv then how v=cn? and if n=c/v then how v=cn?
Natanim
convert feet to metre
Mbah Reply
what is electrolysis
Mbah
Electrolysis is the chemical decomposition of electrolyte either in molten state or solution to conduct electricity
Ayomide
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Ayesha Reply
can someone help explain why v2/c2 is =1/2 Using The Lorentz Transformation For Time Spacecraft S′ is on its way to Alpha Centauri when Spacecraft S passes it at relative speed c /2. The captain of S′ sends a radio signal that lasts 1.2 s according to that ship’s clock. Use the Lorentz transformati
Jennifer
Practice Key Terms 4

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Source:  OpenStax, University physics volume 3. OpenStax CNX. Nov 04, 2016 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col12067/1.4
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