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Give the IUPAC name for the following compound:

  1. The compound is an alkane and will have the suffix -ane.

  2. There are three carbons in the longest chain. The prefix for this compound is -prop.

  3. If we start at the carbon on the left, we can number the atoms as shown below:

  4. There is a branched group attached to the second carbon atom. This group has the formula CH 3 which is methane. However, because it is not part of the main chain, it is given the suffix -yl (i.e. methyl). The position of the methyl group comes just before its name (see next step).

  5. The compound's name is 2-methylpropane .

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Give the IUPAC name for the following compound:

CH 3 CH(CH 3 )CH(CH 3 )CH 3

(Remember that the side groups are shown in brackets after the carbon atom to which they are attached.)

  1. The structural formula of the compound is:

  2. The compound is an alkane and will have the suffix -ane.

  3. There are four carbons in the longest chain. The prefix for this compound is -but.

  4. If we start at the carbon on the left, carbon atoms are numbered as shown in the diagram above. A second way that the carbons could be numbered is:

  5. There are two methyl groups attached to the main chain. The first one is attached to the second carbon atom and the second methyl group is attached to the third carbon atom. Notice that in this example it does not matter how you have chosen to number the carbons in the main chain; the methyl groups are still attached to the second and third carbons and so the naming of the compound is not affected.

  6. The compound's name is 2,3-dimethyl-butane .

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Give the IUPAC name for the following compound:

  1. The compound is an alkane and will have the suffix -ane.

  2. There are six carbons in the longest chain if they are numbered as shown below. The prefix for the compound is hex-.

  3. There is one methyl group attached to the main chain. This is attached to the third carbon atom.

  4. The compound's name is 3-methyl-hexane .

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Naming the alkanes

  1. Give the structural formula for each of the following:
    1. Octane
    2. CH 3 CH 2 CH 3
    3. CH 3 CH(CH 3 )CH 3
    4. 3-ethyl-pentane
  2. Give the IUPAC name for each of the following organic compounds.
    1. CH 3 CH 2 CH(CH 3 )CH 2 CH 3
    2. CH 3 CH(CH 3 )CH 2 CH(CH 3 )CH 3

Questions & Answers

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Zamokwakhe
In organic chemistry we have prefixes used to indicate the number of carbon atoms in a organic compound Which are: 1~Meth 2~Eth 3~Prop 4~But 5~Pent 6~Hex 7~Hept 8~Oct
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meaning of homologous series and functional series and hydrocarbon
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functional chain of Alcohol
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an atom is an small particle of matter
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Source:  OpenStax, Siyavula textbooks: grade 12 physical science. OpenStax CNX. Aug 03, 2011 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11244/1.2
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