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- Temperature, kinetic theory,
- The ideal gas law
Section summary
- The ideal gas law relates the pressure and volume of a gas to the number of gas molecules and the temperature of the gas.
- The ideal gas law can be written in terms of the number of molecules of gas:
where
is pressure,
is volume,
is temperature,
is number of molecules, and
is the Boltzmann constant
- A mole is the number of atoms in a 12-g sample of carbon-12.
- The number of molecules in a mole is called Avogadro’s number
,
- A mole of any substance has a mass in grams equal to its molecular weight, which can be determined from the periodic table of elements.
- The ideal gas law can also be written and solved in terms of the number of moles of gas:
where
is number of moles and
is the universal gas constant,
- The ideal gas law is generally valid at temperatures well above the boiling temperature.
Conceptual questions
Find out the human population of Earth. Is there a mole of people inhabiting Earth? If the average mass of a person is 60 kg, calculate the mass of a mole of people. How does the mass of a mole of people compare with the mass of Earth?
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Problems&Exercises
The gauge pressure in your car tires is
at a temperature of
when you drive it onto a ferry boat to Alaska. What is their gauge pressure later, when their temperature has dropped to
?
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Convert an absolute pressure of
to gauge pressure in
(This value was stated to be just less than
in
[link] . Is it?)
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Suppose a gas-filled incandescent light bulb is manufactured so that the gas inside the bulb is at atmospheric pressure when the bulb has a temperature of
. (a) Find the gauge pressure inside such a bulb when it is hot, assuming its average temperature is
(an approximation) and neglecting any change in volume due to thermal expansion or gas leaks. (b) The actual final pressure for the light bulb will be less than calculated in part (a) because the glass bulb will expand. What will the actual final pressure be, taking this into account? Is this a negligible difference?
(a) 0.136 atm
(b) 0.135 atm. The difference between this value and the value from part (a) is negligible.
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Large helium-filled balloons are used to lift scientific equipment to high altitudes. (a) What is the pressure inside such a balloon if it starts out at sea level with a temperature of
and rises to an altitude where its volume is twenty times the original volume and its temperature is
? (b) What is the gauge pressure? (Assume atmospheric pressure is constant.)
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Confirm that the units of
are those of energy for each value of
: (a)
, (b)
, and (c)
.
(a)
(b)
(c)
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Questions & Answers
number of sport play by 50 student construct discrete data
width of the frangebany leaves on how to write a introduction
Solve the mean of variance
Step 1: Find the mean. To find the mean, add up all the scores, then divide them by the number of scores. ...
Step 2: Find each score's deviation from the mean. ...
Step 3: Square each deviation from the mean. ...
Step 4: Find the sum of squares. ...
Step 5: Divide the sum of squares by n – 1 or N.
kenneth
Is mistake done to something
Vutshila
What is the life teble
anas
statistics is the analyzing of data
how do you calculate mean
diveving the sum if all values
Shaynaynay
let A1,A2 and A3 events be independent,show that (A1)^c, (A2)^c and (A3)^c are independent?
data collected all over the world
Shaynaynay
construct a less than and more than table
The sample of 16 students is taken. The average age in the sample was 22 years with astandard deviation of 6 years. Construct a 95% confidence interval for the age of the population.
Bhartdarshan' is an internet-based travel agency wherein customer can see videos of the cities they plant to visit. The number of hits daily is a normally distributed random variable with a mean of 10,000 and a standard deviation of 2,400
a. what is the probability of getting more than 12,000 hits?
b. what is the probability of getting fewer than 9,000 hits?
Bhartdarshan'is an internet-based travel agency wherein customer can see videos of the cities they plan to visit. The number of hits daily is a normally distributed random variable with a mean of 10,000 and a standard deviation of 2,400.
a. What is the probability of getting more than 12,000 hits
Akshay
Sorry i want to learn more about this question
Bright
a= 0.20233
b=0.3384
Sufiyan
How do I interpret level of significance?
It depends on your business problem or in Machine Learning you could use ROC- AUC cruve to decide the threshold value
Shivam
how skewness and kurtosis are used in statistics
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Source:
OpenStax, College physics. OpenStax CNX. Jul 27, 2015 Download for free at http://legacy.cnx.org/content/col11406/1.9
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