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- Temperature, kinetic theory,
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Problems&Exercises
The gauge pressure in your car tires is
at a temperature of
when you drive it onto a ferry boat to Alaska. What is their gauge pressure later, when their temperature has dropped to
?
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Convert an absolute pressure of
to gauge pressure in
(This value was stated to be just less than
in
[link] . Is it?)
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Suppose a gas-filled incandescent light bulb is manufactured so that the gas inside the bulb is at atmospheric pressure when the bulb has a temperature of
. (a) Find the gauge pressure inside such a bulb when it is hot, assuming its average temperature is
(an approximation) and neglecting any change in volume due to thermal expansion or gas leaks. (b) The actual final pressure for the light bulb will be less than calculated in part (a) because the glass bulb will expand. What will the actual final pressure be, taking this into account? Is this a negligible difference?
(a) 0.136 atm
(b) 0.135 atm. The difference between this value and the value from part (a) is negligible.
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Large helium-filled balloons are used to lift scientific equipment to high altitudes. (a) What is the pressure inside such a balloon if it starts out at sea level with a temperature of
and rises to an altitude where its volume is twenty times the original volume and its temperature is
? (b) What is the gauge pressure? (Assume atmospheric pressure is constant.)
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Confirm that the units of
are those of energy for each value of
: (a)
, (b)
, and (c)
.
(a)
(b)
(c)
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In the text, it was shown that
for gas at STP. (a) Show that this quantity is equivalent to
as stated. (b) About how many atoms are there in one
(a cubic micrometer) at STP? (c) What does your answer to part (b) imply about the separation of atoms and molecules?
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Calculate the number of moles in the 2.00-L volume of air in the lungs of the average person. Note that the air is at
(body temperature).
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An airplane passenger has
of air in his stomach just before the plane takes off from a sea-level airport. What volume will the air have at cruising altitude if cabin pressure drops to
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(a) What is the volume (in
) of Avogadro’s number of sand grains if each grain is a cube and has sides that are 1.0 mm long? (b) How many kilometers of beaches in length would this cover if the beach averages 100 m in width and 10.0 m in depth? Neglect air spaces between grains.
(a)
(b)
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An expensive vacuum system can achieve a pressure as low as
at
. How many atoms are there in a cubic centimeter at this pressure and temperature?
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The number density of gas atoms at a certain location in the space above our planet is about
and the pressure is
in this space. What is the temperature there?
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A bicycle tire has a pressure of
at a temperature of
and contains 2.00 L of gas. What will its pressure be if you let out an amount of air that has a volume of
at atmospheric pressure? Assume tire temperature and volume remain constant.
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A high-pressure gas cylinder contains 50.0 L of toxic gas at a pressure of
and a temperature of
. Its valve leaks after the cylinder is dropped. The cylinder is cooled to dry ice temperature
to reduce the leak rate and pressure so that it can be safely repaired. (a) What is the final pressure in the tank, assuming a negligible amount of gas leaks while being cooled and that there is no phase change? (b) What is the final pressure if one-tenth of the gas escapes? (c) To what temperature must the tank be cooled to reduce the pressure to 1.00 atm (assuming the gas does not change phase and that there is no leakage during cooling)? (d) Does cooling the tank appear to be a practical solution?
(a)
(b)
(c) 2.16 K
(d) No. The final temperature needed is much too low to be easily achieved for a large object.
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Find the number of moles in 2.00 L of gas at
and under
of pressure.
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Calculate the depth to which Avogadro’s number of table tennis balls would cover Earth. Each ball has a diameter of 3.75 cm. Assume the space between balls adds an extra 25.0% to their volume and assume they are not crushed by their own weight.
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(a) What is the gauge pressure in a
car tire containing 3.60 mol of gas in a 30.0 L volume? (b) What will its gauge pressure be if you add 1.00 L of gas originally at atmospheric pressure and
? Assume the temperature returns to
and the volume remains constant.
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(a) In the deep space between galaxies, the density of atoms is as low as
and the temperature is a frigid 2.7 K. What is the pressure? (b) What volume (in
) is occupied by 1 mol of gas? (c) If this volume is a cube, what is the length of its sides in kilometers?
(a)
(b)
(c)
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Questions & Answers
Biology is a branch of Natural science which deals/About living Organism.
evolutionary history and relationship of an organism or group of organisms
AI-Robot
cell is the smallest unit of the humanity biologically
Abraham
HOW CAN MAN ORGAN FUNCTION
the diagram of the digestive system
allimentary cannel
Ogenrwot
They formed in two ways first when one sperm and one egg are splited by mitosis or two sperm and two eggs join together
Oluwatobi
Genetics is the study of heredity
Misack
how does twins formed?
Misack
discuss biological phenomenon and provide pieces of evidence to show that it was responsible for the formation of eukaryotic organelles
the study of living organisms and their interactions with one another and their environment.
Wine
discuss the biological phenomenon and provide pieces of evidence to show that it was responsible for the formation of eukaryotic organelles in an essay form
list any five characteristics of the blood cells
Shaker
lack electricity and its more savely than electronic microscope because its naturally by using of light
advantage of electronic microscope is easily and clearly while disadvantage is dangerous because its electronic. advantage of light microscope is savely and naturally by sun while disadvantage is not easily,means its not sharp and not clear
Abdullahi
cell theory state that every organisms composed of one or more cell,cell is the basic unit of life
Abdullahi
is like gone fail us
DENG
cells is the basic structure and functions of all living things
Ramadan
is organisms that are similar into groups called tara
Yamosa
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Source:
OpenStax, College physics for ap® courses. OpenStax CNX. Nov 04, 2016 Download for free at https://legacy.cnx.org/content/col11844/1.14
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