# 24.4 Energy in electromagnetic waves  (Page 3/6)

 Page 3 / 6

An AM radio transmitter broadcasts 50.0 kW of power uniformly in all directions. (a) Assuming all of the radio waves that strike the ground are completely absorbed, and that there is no absorption by the atmosphere or other objects, what is the intensity 30.0 km away? (Hint: Half the power will be spread over the area of a hemisphere.) (b) What is the maximum electric field strength at this distance?

Suppose the maximum safe intensity of microwaves for human exposure is taken to be $1\text{.}\text{00 W}{\text{/m}}^{2}$ . (a) If a radar unit leaks 10.0 W of microwaves (other than those sent by its antenna) uniformly in all directions, how far away must you be to be exposed to an intensity considered to be safe? Assume that the power spreads uniformly over the area of a sphere with no complications from absorption or reflection. (b) What is the maximum electric field strength at the safe intensity? (Note that early radar units leaked more than modern ones do. This caused identifiable health problems, such as cataracts, for people who worked near them.)

(a) 89.2 cm

(b) 27.4 V/m

A 2.50-m-diameter university communications satellite dish receives TV signals that have a maximum electric field strength (for one channel) of $7\text{.}\text{50}\phantom{\rule{0.25em}{0ex}}\mu V/m$ . (See [link] .) (a) What is the intensity of this wave? (b) What is the power received by the antenna? (c) If the orbiting satellite broadcasts uniformly over an area of $1\text{.}\text{50}×{\text{10}}^{\text{13}}\phantom{\rule{0.25em}{0ex}}{\text{m}}^{2}$ (a large fraction of North America), how much power does it radiate?

Lasers can be constructed that produce an extremely high intensity electromagnetic wave for a brief time—called pulsed lasers. They are used to ignite nuclear fusion, for example. Such a laser may produce an electromagnetic wave with a maximum electric field strength of $1\text{.}\text{00}×{\text{10}}^{\text{11}}\phantom{\rule{0.25em}{0ex}}\text{V}/\text{m}$ for a time of 1.00 ns. (a) What is the maximum magnetic field strength in the wave? (b) What is the intensity of the beam? (c) What energy does it deliver on a $1\text{.}\text{00}{\text{-mm}}^{2}$ area?

(a) 333 T

(b) $1\text{.}\text{33}×{\text{10}}^{\text{19}}\phantom{\rule{0.25em}{0ex}}{\text{W/m}}^{2}$

(c) 13.3 kJ

Show that for a continuous sinusoidal electromagnetic wave, the peak intensity is twice the average intensity ( ${I}_{0}={2I}_{\text{ave}}$ ), using either the fact that ${E}_{0}=\sqrt{2}{E}_{\text{rms}}$ , or ${B}_{0}=\sqrt{2}{B}_{\text{rms}}$ , where rms means average (actually root mean square, a type of average).

Suppose a source of electromagnetic waves radiates uniformly in all directions in empty space where there are no absorption or interference effects. (a) Show that the intensity is inversely proportional to ${r}^{2}$ , the distance from the source squared. (b) Show that the magnitudes of the electric and magnetic fields are inversely proportional to $r$ .

(a) $I=\frac{P}{A}=\frac{P}{4\pi {r}^{2}}\propto \frac{1}{{r}^{2}}$

(b) ${\mathrm{I\propto E}}_{0}^{2}\text{,}\phantom{\rule{0.25em}{0ex}}{B}_{0}^{2}⇒{E}_{0}^{2}\text{,}\phantom{\rule{0.25em}{0ex}}{B}_{0}^{2}\propto \frac{1}{{r}^{2}}⇒{E}_{0},\phantom{\rule{0.25em}{0ex}}{B}_{0}\propto \frac{1}{r}$

Integrated Concepts

An $\text{LC}$ circuit with a 5.00-pF capacitor oscillates in such a manner as to radiate at a wavelength of 3.30 m. (a) What is the resonant frequency? (b) What inductance is in series with the capacitor?

Integrated Concepts

What capacitance is needed in series with an $\text{800}-\mu \text{H}$ inductor to form a circuit that radiates a wavelength of 196 m?

13.5 pF

#### Questions & Answers

derivation of ohms law
Kazeem Reply
derivation of resistance
Kazeem
R=v/I where R=resistor, v=voltage, I=current
Kazeem
Electric current is the flow of electrons
Kelly Reply
is there really flow of electrons exist?
babar
Yes It exists
Cffrrcvccgg
explain plz how electrons flow
babar
if electron flows from where first come and end the first one
babar
an electron will flow accross a conductor because or when it posseses kinectic energy
Cffrrcvccgg
electron can not flow jist trasmit electrical energy
ghulam
free electrons of conductor
ankita
electric means the flow heat current.
Serah Reply
electric means the flow of heat current in a circuit.
Serah
What is electric
Manasseh Reply
electric means?
ghulam
electric means the flow of heat current in a circuit.
Serah
a boy cycles continuously through a distance of 1.0km in 5minutes. calculate his average speed in ms-1(meter per second). how do I solve this
Jenny Reply
speed = distance/time be sure to convert the km to m and minutes to seconds check my utube video "mathwithmrv speed"
PhysicswithMrV
d=1.0km÷1000=0.001 t=5×60=300s s=d\t s=0.001/300=0.0000033m\s
Serah
why we cannot use DC instead of AC in a transformer
kusshaf Reply
becuse the d .c cannot travel for long distance trnsmission
ghulam
what is physics
Chiwetalu Reply
branch of science which deals with matter energy and their relationship between them
ghulam
Life science
the
what is heat and temperature
Kazeem Reply
how does sound affect temperature
Clement Reply
sound is directly proportional to the temperature.
juny
how to solve wave question
Wisdom Reply
I would like to know how I am not at all smart when it comes to math. please explain so I can understand. sincerly
Emma
Just know d relationship btw 1)wave length 2)frequency and velocity
Talhatu
First of all, you are smart and you will get it👍🏽... v = f × wavelength see my youtube channel: "mathwithmrv" if you want to know how to rearrange equations using the balance method
PhysicswithMrV
nice self promotion though xD
Beatrax
thanks dear
Chuks
hi pls help me with this question A ball is projected vertically upwards from the top of a tower 60m high with a velocity of 30ms1.what is the maximum height above the ground level?how long does it take to reach the ground level?
mahmoud
please guys help, what is the difference between concave lens and convex lens
Vincent Reply
convex lens brings rays of light to a focus while concave diverges rays of light
Christian
for mmHg to kPa yes
Matthew
it depends on the size
Matthew Reply
please what is concave lens
Vincent
a lens which diverge the ray of light
rinzuala
concave diverges light
Matthew
thank you guys
Vincent
A diverging lens
Yusuf
What is isotope
Yusuf
each of two or more forms of the same element that contain equal numbers of protons but different numbers of neutrons in their nuclei, and hence differ in relative atomic mass but not in chemical properties; in particular, a radioactive form of an element. "some elements have only one stable isotope
Karthi
what is wire wound resistors?
Naveedkhan Reply
What are the best colleges to go to for physics
Matthew Reply
I would like to know this too
Trevor
How do I calculate uncertainty in a frequency?
Rebecca Reply
Calculate . ..
Olufunsho

### Read also:

#### Get the best College physics course in your pocket!

Source:  OpenStax, College physics. OpenStax CNX. Jul 27, 2015 Download for free at http://legacy.cnx.org/content/col11406/1.9
Google Play and the Google Play logo are trademarks of Google Inc.

Notification Switch

Would you like to follow the 'College physics' conversation and receive update notifications?

 By By By By Anindyo Mukhopadhyay By