<< Chapter < Page Chapter >> Page >

Fertilisation is the union of the special nuclear contents (gametes) of a grain of pollen and an ovule.

The nuclear content comprises a special molecule that has a code or “plan” of what the new plant must be like. We refer to this as the chromatin network, which consists of the molecule known as DNA. You will learn about the exact significance of this later.

A zygote, the beginning of the new organism, or plant, develops as soon as the nuclear content or gametes have fused.

The process of fertilisation is represented in the following sketch:

Assignment 1:

1. Present the five-step process that takes place from the moment of pollination to fertilisation:

2. Explain what happens to the following structures once fertilisation occurs:

a) ovary

b) ovule

Assessment: Mechanism of pollination and fertilisation

Were you able to analyse the mechanism and present its steps?

[LO 2.1; LO 2.2]

The formation of seeds is necessary for the process of propagation. The process of distributing the seeds or fruit ranks with this in importance.

Optional / For Enrichment:

The educator could suggest a project dealing with fertilisation through which you could investigate the interesting ways and mechanisms of propagation that form part of this process.

The David Attenborough video, The Secret life of Plants, could be viewed as an alternative. It contains astonishing visual material.

Assessment

LO 1: Scientific investigations:

The learner will be able to act confidently on curiosity about natural phenomena, and to investigate relationships and solve problems in scientific, technological and environmental contexts.

This is evident when the learner:

  • plans investigations;
  • conducts investigations and collects data;
  • evaluates data and communicates findings.

LO 2: Constructing Science Knowledge:

The learner will know and be able to interpret and apply scientific, technological and environmental knowledge.

This is evident when the learner:

  • recalls meaningful information;
  • categorises information;
  • interprets information;

2.4 applies knowledge.

Memorandum

PLANT ORGANS: FLOWERS

Activity 1

Assignment 1

  • Flowering plants (Angiosperms) are the most prolific and successful group of plants on the earth. Their secret is partly related to the way in which they are propagated. The key to this secret lies in the structure of the flowers and in how they operate. The fact that propagation is SEXUAL , facilitates their success.
  • The flower is a structure that contains both the male and female structures of the plant. It is true that these aspects sometimes occur in separate flowers, but they generally occur together in a single bisexual (gynandrous) flower. If not, they will be unisexual, which means that there will be male and female flowers.
  1. Make a drawing of the flower, showing all its parts

2. Name the functions of each of the following:

Anther: where pollen is produced
Filament: the stalk of the stamen, which holds the anther in the right position
Stigma: the part of the ovary where the ripened pollen has to fall
Style: the long extension of the ovary that bears the stigma
Ovary: the place where the ovules are formed
Seedbed / ovulum: the body that develops into a seed when it is fertilised
Petal: part of the corolla, which attracts insects (by colour)
Sepal / calyx-leaf: protects the flower in its bud stage
Stamen: the male reproductive part of a flower, consisting of the anther and the filament
Pistil: the female reproductive part of a flower, consisting of the stigma, style and carpel
Footstalk / peduncle: the small stalk that bears the flower in the right position.

Questions & Answers

how does Neisseria cause meningitis
Nyibol Reply
what is microbiologist
Muhammad Reply
what is errata
Muhammad
is the branch of biology that deals with the study of microorganisms.
Ntefuni Reply
What is microbiology
Mercy Reply
studies of microbes
Louisiaste
when we takee the specimen which lumbar,spin,
Ziyad Reply
How bacteria create energy to survive?
Muhamad Reply
Bacteria doesn't produce energy they are dependent upon their substrate in case of lack of nutrients they are able to make spores which helps them to sustain in harsh environments
_Adnan
But not all bacteria make spores, l mean Eukaryotic cells have Mitochondria which acts as powerhouse for them, since bacteria don't have it, what is the substitution for it?
Muhamad
they make spores
Louisiaste
what is sporadic nd endemic, epidemic
Aminu Reply
the significance of food webs for disease transmission
Abreham
food webs brings about an infection as an individual depends on number of diseased foods or carriers dully.
Mark
explain assimilatory nitrate reduction
Esinniobiwa Reply
Assimilatory nitrate reduction is a process that occurs in some microorganisms, such as bacteria and archaea, in which nitrate (NO3-) is reduced to nitrite (NO2-), and then further reduced to ammonia (NH3).
Elkana
This process is called assimilatory nitrate reduction because the nitrogen that is produced is incorporated in the cells of microorganisms where it can be used in the synthesis of amino acids and other nitrogen products
Elkana
Examples of thermophilic organisms
Shu Reply
Give Examples of thermophilic organisms
Shu
advantages of normal Flora to the host
Micheal Reply
Prevent foreign microbes to the host
Abubakar
they provide healthier benefits to their hosts
ayesha
They are friends to host only when Host immune system is strong and become enemies when the host immune system is weakened . very bad relationship!
Mark
what is cell
faisal Reply
cell is the smallest unit of life
Fauziya
cell is the smallest unit of life
Akanni
ok
Innocent
cell is the structural and functional unit of life
Hasan
is the fundamental units of Life
Musa
what are emergency diseases
Micheal Reply
There are nothing like emergency disease but there are some common medical emergency which can occur simultaneously like Bleeding,heart attack,Breathing difficulties,severe pain heart stock.Hope you will get my point .Have a nice day ❣️
_Adnan
define infection ,prevention and control
Innocent
I think infection prevention and control is the avoidance of all things we do that gives out break of infections and promotion of health practices that promote life
Lubega
Heyy Lubega hussein where are u from?
_Adnan
en français
Adama
which site have a normal flora
ESTHER Reply
Many sites of the body have it Skin Nasal cavity Oral cavity Gastro intestinal tract
Safaa
skin
Asiina
skin,Oral,Nasal,GIt
Sadik
How can Commensal can Bacteria change into pathogen?
Sadik
How can Commensal Bacteria change into pathogen?
Sadik
all
Tesfaye
by fussion
Asiina
what are the advantages of normal Flora to the host
Micheal
what are the ways of control and prevention of nosocomial infection in the hospital
Micheal
what is inflammation
Shelly Reply
part of a tissue or an organ being wounded or bruised.
Wilfred
what term is used to name and classify microorganisms?
Micheal Reply
Binomial nomenclature
adeolu
Got questions? Join the online conversation and get instant answers!
Jobilize.com Reply

Get Jobilize Job Search Mobile App in your pocket Now!

Get it on Google Play Download on the App Store Now




Source:  OpenStax, Natural sciences grade 9. OpenStax CNX. Sep 15, 2009 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11069/1.1
Google Play and the Google Play logo are trademarks of Google Inc.

Notification Switch

Would you like to follow the 'Natural sciences grade 9' conversation and receive update notifications?

Ask