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Fertilisation is the union of the special nuclear contents (gametes) of a grain of pollen and an ovule.

The nuclear content comprises a special molecule that has a code or “plan” of what the new plant must be like. We refer to this as the chromatin network, which consists of the molecule known as DNA. You will learn about the exact significance of this later.

A zygote, the beginning of the new organism, or plant, develops as soon as the nuclear content or gametes have fused.

The process of fertilisation is represented in the following sketch:

Assignment 1:

1. Present the five-step process that takes place from the moment of pollination to fertilisation:

2. Explain what happens to the following structures once fertilisation occurs:

a) ovary

b) ovule

Assessment: Mechanism of pollination and fertilisation

Were you able to analyse the mechanism and present its steps?

[LO 2.1; LO 2.2]

The formation of seeds is necessary for the process of propagation. The process of distributing the seeds or fruit ranks with this in importance.

Optional / For Enrichment:

The educator could suggest a project dealing with fertilisation through which you could investigate the interesting ways and mechanisms of propagation that form part of this process.

The David Attenborough video, The Secret life of Plants, could be viewed as an alternative. It contains astonishing visual material.

Assessment

LO 1: Scientific investigations:

The learner will be able to act confidently on curiosity about natural phenomena, and to investigate relationships and solve problems in scientific, technological and environmental contexts.

This is evident when the learner:

  • plans investigations;
  • conducts investigations and collects data;
  • evaluates data and communicates findings.

LO 2: Constructing Science Knowledge:

The learner will know and be able to interpret and apply scientific, technological and environmental knowledge.

This is evident when the learner:

  • recalls meaningful information;
  • categorises information;
  • interprets information;

2.4 applies knowledge.

Memorandum

PLANT ORGANS: FLOWERS

Activity 1

Assignment 1

  • Flowering plants (Angiosperms) are the most prolific and successful group of plants on the earth. Their secret is partly related to the way in which they are propagated. The key to this secret lies in the structure of the flowers and in how they operate. The fact that propagation is SEXUAL , facilitates their success.
  • The flower is a structure that contains both the male and female structures of the plant. It is true that these aspects sometimes occur in separate flowers, but they generally occur together in a single bisexual (gynandrous) flower. If not, they will be unisexual, which means that there will be male and female flowers.
  1. Make a drawing of the flower, showing all its parts

2. Name the functions of each of the following:

Anther: where pollen is produced
Filament: the stalk of the stamen, which holds the anther in the right position
Stigma: the part of the ovary where the ripened pollen has to fall
Style: the long extension of the ovary that bears the stigma
Ovary: the place where the ovules are formed
Seedbed / ovulum: the body that develops into a seed when it is fertilised
Petal: part of the corolla, which attracts insects (by colour)
Sepal / calyx-leaf: protects the flower in its bud stage
Stamen: the male reproductive part of a flower, consisting of the anther and the filament
Pistil: the female reproductive part of a flower, consisting of the stigma, style and carpel
Footstalk / peduncle: the small stalk that bears the flower in the right position.

Questions & Answers

the diagram of the digestive system
Assiatu Reply
How does twins formed
William Reply
They formed in two ways first when one sperm and one egg are splited by mitosis or two sperm and two eggs join together
Oluwatobi
what is genetics
Josephine Reply
Genetics is the study of heredity
Misack
how does twins formed?
Misack
What is manual
Hassan Reply
discuss biological phenomenon and provide pieces of evidence to show that it was responsible for the formation of eukaryotic organelles
Joseph Reply
what is biology
Yousuf Reply
the study of living organisms and their interactions with one another and their environments
AI-Robot
the study of living organisms and their interactions with one another and their environment.
Wine
discuss the biological phenomenon and provide pieces of evidence to show that it was responsible for the formation of eukaryotic organelles in an essay form
Joseph Reply
what is the blood cells
Shaker Reply
list any five characteristics of the blood cells
Shaker
lack electricity and its more savely than electronic microscope because its naturally by using of light
Abdullahi Reply
advantage of electronic microscope is easily and clearly while disadvantage is dangerous because its electronic. advantage of light microscope is savely and naturally by sun while disadvantage is not easily,means its not sharp and not clear
Abdullahi
cell theory state that every organisms composed of one or more cell,cell is the basic unit of life
Abdullahi
is like gone fail us
DENG
cells is the basic structure and functions of all living things
Ramadan
What is classification
ISCONT Reply
is organisms that are similar into groups called tara
Yamosa
in what situation (s) would be the use of a scanning electron microscope be ideal and why?
Kenna Reply
A scanning electron microscope (SEM) is ideal for situations requiring high-resolution imaging of surfaces. It is commonly used in materials science, biology, and geology to examine the topography and composition of samples at a nanoscale level. SEM is particularly useful for studying fine details,
Hilary
cell is the building block of life.
Condoleezza Reply
what is cell divisoin?
Aron Reply
Diversity of living thing
ISCONT
what is cell division
Aron Reply
Cell division is the process by which a single cell divides into two or more daughter cells. It is a fundamental process in all living organisms and is essential for growth, development, and reproduction. Cell division can occur through either mitosis or meiosis.
AI-Robot
What is life?
Allison Reply
life is defined as any system capable of performing functions such as eating, metabolizing,excreting,breathing,moving,Growing,reproducing,and responding to external stimuli.
Mohamed
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Source:  OpenStax, Natural sciences grade 9. OpenStax CNX. Sep 15, 2009 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11069/1.1
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