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Sosiale wetenskappe: geskiedenis

Graad 5

Die antieke romeinse ryk: 500 v.c. – 500 n.c.

Module 16

Die romeinse weermag

Die krag van die Romeinse Ryk het gelê in sy magtige weermag. Hul hoofdoel was om die Ryk te beskerm en vrede te bewaar. Aan die begin was daar slegs 'n plaasstelsel. Daar was egter te min soldate en hulle het oorgeskakel na 'n staande mag.

In 200 v.C. was daar slegs vier legioene (6 000 man elk) teenoor die 28 van 50 n.C. Die weermag was soos 'n goed geoliede masjien. Soldate moes hul eie wapens (swaarde, spiese, skilde) voorsien. Daar is weekliks geoefen, in onder meer die kuns om saam te veg, wapens te hanteer en te dril, sodat elke soldaat presies geweet het wat sy plig in die legioen is. Verder het hul sukses daarin gelê dat 'n bevelvoerder sy eenhede kon rondbeweeg tot waar hul die nodigste was. As 'n spesifieke eenheid lafhartig was, is elke tiende man in dié groep gedood om as voorbeeld te dien vir die res.

AKTIWITEIT

OM DIE OORSAKE EN GEVOLGE VAN DIE ROMEINSE WEERMAGOPTREDE, ASOOK PATRONE, RAAK TE SIEN

[LU 2.2]

Ons gaan eers die daaglikse lewe van soldate leer ken!

  1. Benoem elke deel van die soldaat se uitrusting. Gebruik slegs die letters.
Helm
Liggaamskild van leer en ysterplate
Ysterswaard met beenhandvatsel
Spies met ysterpunt en houtsteel
Skild van hout met leer gedek
Gordel/voorskoot van metaal
Leersandale met ystersoolknoppe
Dolk

Gesels nou in jul groep oor hoekom elke item van die wapenrusting spesifiek so ontwerp is.

b) Die legioene kon in verskillende formasies beweeg en aanval. Verduidelik, deur sketse, hoe jy die volgende sou aanval:

  • 'n sterk fort;
  • 'n groep aanstormende olifante!

c) DINKSKRUM:

Verduidelik vir jou maat hoekom (oorsake) die Romeinse leër beroemd geraak het vanweë die manier waarop vyandelike stede beleër is.

d) Kies jou eie aanvalsplan!

Die volgende spel gaan jou vermoë om oorsake en gevolge raak te sien, tot die uiterste beproef!

Keiser Claudius besluit om 'n vyandige Britse stam, die Britte, aan te val. Hy het egter min geld beskikbaar omdat hulle besig is om meer skepe vir die Ryk te bou en ook duisende soldate moet betaal. Meegaande abakus toon hoeveel geld jul kan spandeer – verteenwoordig deur vyf krale.

Bestudeer vooraf die geheime inligting op die volgende bladsye deeglik, en help die keiser om 'n geskikte kombinasie uit te werk. Kleur jul keuse (ry krale) op meegaande abakus in. Die koste word by elkeen aangedui bv. LL.

Abakus

e) Skryf, na aanleiding van die dinkskrum, 'n kort briefie aan die keiser en verduidelik waarom jy bogenoemde keuse gemaak het. Verwys ook vlugtig na jou beplande gevegstegniek om die Britte te verslaan. (Jy mag ook jou eie blad met sketse tussen-in gebruik.)

f) Soldate-spel!

Dié spel sal jou 'n goeie idee gee van 'n dag in die lewe van 'n Romeinse soldaat wat nie besig is om te veg nie. Weereens sal jy ‘n deurlopende verband tussen oorsake en gevolge raaksien.

Reëls: Gebruik 'n dobbelsteen en twee merkers en speel in pare.

Assessering

LEERUITKOMS 2: HISTORIESE BEGRIP (TYD) – DIE LEERDER IS IN STAAT OM GESKIEDKUNDIGE KENNIS EN BEGRIP TE TOON.

2.1 Verstaan kronologie en tyd. Saamstel van ‘n historiese tydlyn met v.C, n.C, antiek, modern (p. 2, 22)

2.2 Verskaf redes waarom ‘n historiese gebeurtenis plaasgevind het (oorsake, gevolge). Kan in mondelinge en geskrewe vorm bewyse verskaf van oorsake/gevolge van gebeurtenisse, en patrone raaksien.

2.3 Onderskei tussen verskillende tydperke (ooreenkomste, verskille). Toon ooreenkomste/verskille aan tussen vandag en ‘n spesifieke tydperk se situasies en plekke deur van geskrewe getuienisse gebruik te maak.

Memorandum

Aktiwiteit

(a)

Helm d
Liggaamskild van leer en ysterplate e
Ysterswaard met beenhandvatsel c
Spies met ysterpunt en houtsteel a
Skild van hout met leer gedek h
Gordel/voorskoot van metaal f
Leersandale met ystersoolknoppe g
Dolk b

(c) Die reuse katapulte kon groot rotse en reuse spiese skiet om ‘n vyandige stad se mure en hekke te beskadig. Dis gemaak van hout en tou wat styf gespan is.

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Source:  OpenStax, Sosiale wetenskappe: geskiedenis graad 5. OpenStax CNX. Sep 23, 2009 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col10987/1.2
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