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Natuurwetenskappe

Die aarde en daarbuite

Gesteentes

Opvoeders afdeling

Memorandum

Sedimentêre gesteentes gevorm deur vroeëre lewe

  • Skets: Die soektog na fossielbrandstowwe (olie)

Sleutel:

1. Olieboor

2. Oseaan

3. Oseaanvloer

4. Deurdringbare rots

5. Pyplyn

6. Olie

7. Sedimentêre gesteentes

8. Ondeurdringbare rots

Sedimentêre gesteentes:

Lae stene op aardoppervlak en onder water . Gevorm deur puin of deur vroeëre lewe . Puin-tipe vorm deur afbreek van rotse en die stukkies versprei deur wind en water na lae vlakke waar dit sand en modder vorm. Dié van vroeëre lewe vorm deurdat geraamtes saamgepers word om kalksteen te vorm.

Leerder afdeling

Inhoud

Aktiwiteit: om sedimentêre gesteentes as ‘n tipe gesteente te kan bespreek [lu 2.3]

  • Enorme gedeeltes van die aarde word bedek met sedimentêre gesteentes. Hierdie gesteentes vorm nie net op die aardoppervlak nie, maar dikwels ook onder water. Hierdie gesteentes vorm in lae .
  • Wetenskaplikes onderskei tussen twee soorte sedimentêre gesteentes.

Sedimentêre gesteentes gevorm deur puin (“rubble”)

  • Rotse wat reeds bestaan, word afgebreek in klein stukkies deur die werking van die wind en water. Hierdie klein stukkies rots word in strome en riviere afgevoer totdat dit uiteindelik die see bereik. Hier word dit as lae sand en modder neergelaat.

Sedimentêre gesteentes gevorm deur vroeëre lewe

  • Hierdie rots bestaan uit stukkies materiaal van organismes wat vroeër geleef het.
  • Die volgende sketse wys hoe hierdie tipe sedimentêre gesteentes gevorm word:

1. Soos wat visse en ander water-organismes in die see sterf, sak hul oorblyfsels na die bodem.

2. Hul geraamtes en die kalsium in hul skulpe vorm lae op die seebodem.

3. Na verloop van baie jare word die lae saamgepers. Die lae word dik lae rots wat bekend staan as kalksteen.

4. Ons sien hierdie gesteentes die meeste omdat hulle op die aarde se oppervlak gevorm het. Die gesteentes is gewoonlik sag.

  • Sedimentêre gesteentes is belangrik vir die mens, aangesien hulle ons voorsien van olie, aardgas, steenkool en klip vir geboue. Hulle bevat ook soms fossiele wat ons meer leer oor hoe die aarde miljoene jare gelede daar uitgesien het. Later in die module leer ons meer oor fossiele.
  • Voorsien die volgende skets van byskrifte:

Voorsien die volgende skets van byskrifte:

1. ___________________________________________________________________

2. ___________________________________________________________________

3. ___________________________________________________________________

4. ___________________________________________________________________

5. ___________________________________________________________________

6. ___________________________________________________________________

7. ___________________________________________________________________

8. ___________________________________________________________________

  • Beskryf in dertig woorde wat jy onder sedimentêre gesteentes verstaan. Gebruik jou eie woorde.

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Assessering

Leeruitkomste 2: Die leerder ken, interpreteer en pas wetenskaplike, tegnologiese en omgewingskennis toe.

Assesseringstandaard 2.3: Dis duidelik wanneer die leerder inligting interpreteer.

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Source:  OpenStax, Natuurwetenskappe graad 6. OpenStax CNX. Sep 17, 2009 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11080/1.1
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