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- Space programme
Natural sciences
Grade 9
The earth ,galaxies and space programmes
Module 17
Space programme
- The space era for man began on 4 October 1957 with the launch of
Sputnik I by the former Soviet Union.
- It consisted of a hollow metal ball that weighed only 84 kg and contained a radio transmitter and a thermometer.
- Today there is a launch of some kind of space craft almost every week.
- Konstantin Tsoilkovsky (1857-1935) was a teacher of mathematics who realised the possibilities of rockets, space stations and satellites a long time ago.
- With their
Apollo missions the Americans made it possible for humans to walk on the moon. This happened on 20 July 1969 with the Apollo 11 mission. Neil Armstrong’s words “One small step for man, one giant leap for mankind” are well known.
- Analyses and measurements of rock fragments have shed more light on our knowledge of our own moon.
- The “Near Shoemaker” mission, made it possible for the Americans to land a spacecraft successfully on Eros a large comet fragment. This resembles the dramatic representation in the film “Deep Impact”).
- The US space shuttles have heralded a new era of technology with regard to computer programs, special metals and materials, satellite launches and much more.
- There have also been major disasters in the endeavours to master space. To date, two American space shuttles have exploded - first Challenger in January 1986 (during launching) and recently Columbia on 1 February 2003. Columbia was the oldest shuttle and was on its 28
th flight. It was the 113
th shuttle flight and the first tragedy during a landing procedure.
- The South African Internet tycoon,
Mark Shuttleworth , made headlines on 25 April 2002 by being the first person from Africa to travel in space.
- Thousands of South Africans and others visited his website daily and devoured the articles and news from space.
- His mission was to perform experiments on the International Space Station (ISS) and to gain valuable experience at the same time.
- Here is a brief summary of the mission:
African in Space
- On 25 April the Sojoes TM34 rocket was launched from the Russion space centre at Baikonoer in Kazachstan. On board were Mark, Joeri Gidzenko and the Italian Roberto Vittori.
- After a successful journey the shuttle reached the International Space Station (ISS) 2 days later.
- Mark and his companions spent 8 days on board the ISS and were watched by thousands of South Africans as the ISS crossed the country.
- Mark performed a number of important experiments on behalf of leading scientists and in this way obtained important research results and information.
- The team left the ISS on 5 May 2002 and returned to earth in a TM 33 Sojoes space craft.
- Mark and his companions landed the shuttle safely, its speed was slowed down by means of a parachute once it had entered the atmosphere and landed the space craft safely.
Activity: Mini-essay
Visit
www.africaninspace.com and write a mini-essay on the value of the experiments in which Mark was involved in space.
Assessment of MINI-ESSAY:
Do you realise the value of man’s discoveries and the value of the earth’s sustainable resources? Do you appreciate all of these endeavours?
Questions & Answers
differentiate between demand and supply
giving examples
differentiated between demand and supply using examples
Lambiv
how is the graph works?I don't fully understand
hi guys good evening to all
Lambiv
In economics, a perfect market refers to a theoretical construct where all participants have perfect information, goods are homogenous, there are no barriers to entry or exit, and prices are determined solely by supply and demand. It's an idealized model used for analysis,
Ezea
other things being equal
AI-Robot
When MP₁ becomes negative, TP start to decline.
Extuples Suppose that the short-run production function of certain cut-flower firm is given by: Q=4KL-0.6K2 - 0.112 •
Where is quantity of cut flower produced, I is labour input and K is fixed capital input (K-5). Determine the average product of lab
Kelo
Extuples Suppose that the short-run production function of certain cut-flower firm is given by: Q=4KL-0.6K2 - 0.112 •
Where is quantity of cut flower produced, I is labour input and K is fixed capital input (K-5). Determine the average product of labour (APL) and marginal product of labour (MPL)
Kelo
Can I ask you other question?
Shukri
What is different between quantity demand and demand?
Quantity demanded refers to the specific amount of a good or service that consumers are willing and able to purchase at a give price and within a specific time period. Demand, on the other hand, is a broader concept that encompasses the entire relationship between price and quantity demanded
Ezea
how do you save a country economic situation when it's falling apart
what is the difference between economic growth and development
Economic growth as an increase in the production and consumption of goods and services within an economy.but
Economic development as a broader concept that encompasses not only economic growth but also social & human well being.
Shukri
production function means
Jabir
What do you think is more important to focus on when considering inequality ?
any question about economics?
sir...I just want to ask one question... Define the term contract curve? if you are free please help me to find this answer 🙏
Asui
it is a curve that we get after connecting the pareto optimal combinations of two consumers after their mutually beneficial trade offs
Awais
thank you so much 👍 sir
Asui
In economics, the contract curve refers to the set of points in an Edgeworth box diagram where both parties involved in a trade cannot be made better off without making one of them worse off. It represents the Pareto efficient allocations of goods between two individuals or entities, where neither p
Cornelius
In economics, the contract curve refers to the set of points in an Edgeworth box diagram where both parties involved in a trade cannot be made better off without making one of them worse off. It represents the Pareto efficient allocations of goods between two individuals or entities,
Cornelius
Suppose a consumer consuming two commodities X and Y has
The following utility function u=X0.4 Y0.6. If the price of the X and Y are 2 and 3 respectively and income Constraint is birr 50.
A,Calculate quantities of x and y which maximize utility.
B,Calculate value of Lagrange multiplier.
C,Calculate quantities of X and Y consumed with a given price.
D,alculate optimum level of output .
the market for lemon has 10 potential consumers, each having an individual demand curve p=101-10Qi, where p is price in dollar's per cup and Qi is the number of cups demanded per week by the i th consumer.Find the market demand curve using algebra. Draw an individual demand curve and the market dema
suppose the production function is given by ( L, K)=L¼K¾.assuming capital is fixed find APL and MPL. consider the following short run production function:Q=6L²-0.4L³ a) find the value of L that maximizes output b)find the value of L that maximizes marginal product
Abdureman
What is the difference between perfect competition and monopolistic competition?
Mohammed
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Source:
OpenStax, Natural sciences grade 9. OpenStax CNX. Sep 15, 2009 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11069/1.1
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