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    Two population means

  • Populations are independent and population standard deviations are unknown.

    Two population proportions

  • Populations are independent.

Glossary

Degrees of freedom

The number of objects in a sample that are free to vary.

Standard deviation

A number that is equal to the square root of the variance and measures how far data values are from their mean. Notation: s for sample standard deviation and σ for population standard deviation.

Variance (random variable)

A characteristic of interest in a population being studied. Common notation for variables are upper case Latin letters X,Y, Z,...; common notation for a specific value from the domain (set of all possible values of a variable) are lower case Latin lettersx, y,z,.... For example, if X is the number of children in a family, thenx represents a specific integer 0, 1, 2, 3, .... Variables in statistics differ from variables in intermediate algebra in two following ways.
(1). The domain of the random variable (RV) is not necessarily a numerical set; the domain may be expressed in words; for example, if X = hair color then the domain is {black, blond, gray, green, orange}.
(2). We can tell what specific value x of the Random VariableX takes only after performing the experiment.

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Source:  OpenStax, Collaborative statistics using spreadsheets. OpenStax CNX. Jan 05, 2016 Download for free at http://legacy.cnx.org/content/col11521/1.23
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