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- Fundamentals of mathematics
- Addition and subtraction of
- Summary of key concepts
This module is from Fundamentals of Mathematics by Denny Burzynski and Wade Ellis, Jr. This module reviews the key concepts from the chapter Addition and Subtraction of Whole Numbers.
Summary of key concepts
Number / numeral (
[link] )
A
number is a concept. It exists only in the mind. A
numeral is a symbol that represents a number. It is customary not to distinguish between the two (but we should remain aware of the difference).
Hindu-arabic numeration system (
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In our society, we use the
Hindu-Arabic numeration system. It was invented by the Hindus shortly before the third century and popularized by the Arabs about a thousand years later.
The numbers 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 are called
digits .
Base ten positional system (
[link] )
The Hindu-Arabic numeration system is a positional number system with
base ten . Each position has value that is ten times the value of the position to its right.
Commas / periods (
[link] )
Commas are used to separate digits into groups of three. Each group of three is called a
period . Each period has a name. From right to left, they are ones, thousands, millions, billions, etc.
Whole numbers (
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A
whole number is any number that is formed using only the digits (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9).
Number line (
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The
number line allows us to visually display the whole numbers.
Graphing (
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Graphing a whole number is a term used for visually displaying the whole number. The graph of 4 appears below.
Reading whole numbers (
[link] )
To express a whole number as a verbal phrase:
- Begin at the right and, working right to left, separate the number into distinct periods by inserting commas every three digits.
- Begin at the left, and read each period individually.
Writing whole numbers (
[link] )
To rename a number that is expressed in words to a number expressed in digits:
- Notice that a number expressed as a verbal phrase will have its periods set off by commas.
- Start at the beginning of the sentence, and write each period of numbers individually.
- Use commas to separate periods, and combine the periods to form one number.
Rounding (
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Rounding is the process of approximating the number of a group of objects by mentally "seeing" the collection as occurring in groups of tens, hundreds, thousands, etc.
Addition (
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Addition is the process of combining two or more objects (real or intuitive) to form a new, third object, the total, or sum.
Addends / sum (
[link] )
In addition, the numbers being added are called
addends and the result, or total, the
sum .
Subtraction (
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Subtraction is the process of determining the remainder when part of the total is removed.
Minuend / subtrahend difference (
[link] )
Commutative property of addition (
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If two whole numbers are added in either of two orders, the sum will not change.
Associative property of addition (
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If three whole numbers are to be added, the sum will be the same if the first two are added and that sum is then added to the third, or if the second two are added and the first is added to that sum.
Parentheses in addition (
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Parentheses in addition indicate which numbers are to be added first.
Additive identity (
[link] )
The whole number 0 is called the
additive identity since, when it is added to any particular whole number, the sum is identical to that whole number.
Questions & Answers
what does preconceived mean
How can I develope my cognitive domain
why is communication effective
Communication is effective because it allows individuals to share ideas, thoughts, and information with others.
effective communication can lead to improved outcomes in various settings, including personal relationships, business environments, and educational settings. By communicating effectively, individuals can negotiate effectively, solve problems collaboratively, and work towards common goals.
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miss
Every time someone flushes a toilet in the apartment building, the person begins to jumb back automatically after hearing the flush, before the water temperature changes. Identify the types of learning, if it is classical conditioning identify the NS, UCS, CS and CR. If it is operant conditioning, identify the type of consequence positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement or punishment
please i need answer
Wekolamo
because it helps many people around the world to understand how to interact with other people and understand them well, for example at work (job).
Agreed 👍 There are many parts of our brains and behaviors, we really need to get to know. Blessings for everyone and happy Sunday!
ARC
A child is a member of community not society elucidate ?
Isn't practices worldwide, be it psychology, be it science. isn't much just a false belief of control over something the mind cannot truly comprehend?
compare and contrast skinner's perspective on personality development on freud
Skinner skipped the whole unconscious phenomenon and rather emphasized on classical conditioning
war
explain how nature and nurture affect the development and later the productivity of an individual.
nature is an hereditary factor while nurture is an environmental factor which constitute an individual personality. so if an individual's parent has a deviant behavior and was also brought up in an deviant environment, observation of the behavior and the inborn trait we make the individual deviant.
Samuel
I am taking this course because I am hoping that I could somehow learn more about my chosen field of interest and due to the fact that being a PsyD really ignites my passion as an individual the more I hope to learn about developing and literally explore the complexity of my critical thinking skills
and having a good philosophy of the world is like a sandwich and a peanut butter 👍
Jonathan
generally amnesi how long yrs memory loss
interpersonal relationships
What would be the best educational aid(s) for gifted kids/savants?
treat them normal, if they want help then give them.
that will make everyone happy
Saurabh
What are the treatment for autism?
hello. autism is a umbrella term. autistic kids have different disorder overlapping. for example. a kid may show symptoms of ADHD and also learning disabilities.
before treatment please make sure the kid doesn't have physical disabilities like hearing..vision..speech problem. sometimes these
Jharna
continue..
sometimes due to these physical problems..the diagnosis may be misdiagnosed.
treatment for autism.
well it depends on the severity.
since autistic kids have problems in communicating and adopting to the environment.. it's best to expose the child in situations where the child
Jharna
child interact with other kids under doc supervision.
play therapy.
speech therapy.
Engaging in different activities that activate most parts of the brain.. like drawing..painting. matching color board game.
string and beads game.
the more you interact with the child the more effective
Jharna
results you'll get..
please consult a therapist to know what suits best on your child.
and last as a parent. I know sometimes it's overwhelming to guide a special kid.
but trust the process and be strong and patient as a parent.
Jharna
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Source:
OpenStax, Fundamentals of mathematics. OpenStax CNX. Aug 18, 2010 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col10615/1.4
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