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Natuurwetenskappe

Graad 8

Energie: elektrisiteit, energie, warmte en lig

Module 6

Elektrisiteit

Een van die genoemde vorms van energie is ELEKTRISITEIT.

Elektrisiteit is ‘n onsigbare energievorm gebaseer op die beweging van baie klein deeltjies. Om dit te verstaan, moet jy die bou van ‘n atoom verstaan.

  • ‘n Atoom is die kleinste deeltjie waaruit enige stof kan bestaan. Dit bestaan uit ‘n klein kern met deeltjies genaamd protone (positief) en neutrone (neutraal), asook rondom die kern ‘n wolk elektrone – klein negatiewe deeltjies.
  • Dit is juis hierdie elektrone wat beweeg tydens ‘n elektriese stroom.

Aktiwiteit 1:

Om die bou van ‘n atoom te teken

[lu 2.1, 2.3]

Opdrag 1:

Vra jou onderwyser om die tipiese bou van ‘n atoom te verduidelik en teken dan jou eie weergawe.

Gewoonlik balanseer die positiewe en negatiewe deeltjies in ‘n neutrale atoom.

Aktiwiteit 2:

Om die begrip “potensiaalverskil” te verstaan

[lu 2.1, 2.3, 2.4]

  • Wanneer ‘n wanbalans egter ontstaan, begin die negatiewe elektrone beweeg.
  • Elektrisiteit is juis die beweging van energie langs lang koperdrade en die energie kan dan omgeskakel word na ander vorme soos lig, hitte en beweging deur middel van ‘n toestel wat daaraan gekoppel word.
  • Die elektrone kan nie vanself beweeg nie, maar word eerder vorentoe gedruk deur die elektriese toestand. Hierdie “drukking” noem ons die POTENSIAALVERSKIL (PV).
  • Hierdie potensiaalverskil word gewoonlik deur ‘n battery of kragstasie geproduseer. Binne-in bedrading sal elektrone letterlik van een atoom na ‘n ander spring, net soos vragtrokke teen mekaar stamp as ‘n stamp aan die een kant toegepas word – dit veroorsaak ‘n stampeffek wat dan al langs die bedrading afbeweeg.

Opdrag 1: Vrae:

  1. Wat is potensiaalverskil?
  1. Vind uit wat direkte stroom is. Waar gebruik ons dit?

Het jy geweet?

  • Daar is klein, maar soortgelyke elektriese strome in ‘n mens se liggaam wat langs jou senuwees en spiere beweeg in die vorm van senupulse en spierpulse.
  • Die masjien wat dit optel en op ‘n grafiek kan voorstel, is ‘n elektro-ensefalograaf (EEG).
  • Tydens so ‘n ondersoek word plakkertjies met sensors op jou liggaam geplak en metings word geregistreer.
  • Nog ‘n toepassing is ‘n pasaangeër wat die hartspierweefsel se elektriese pulse volhou en enige tekorte aanvul.

Assessering

LU 1

Wetenskaplike Ondersoek Die leerder is in staat om met selfvertroue op weetgierigheid oor natuurlike verskynsels te reageer, en om binne die konteks van wetenskap, tegnologie en die omgewing verbande te ondersoek en probleme op te los.

Dit word bewys as die leerder:

1.1 ondersoeke kan beplan;

1.2 ondersoeke kan uitvoer en data kan insamel;

1.3 data kan evalueer en bevindinge kan kommunikeer.

LU 2

Wetenskaplike KennisDie leerder ken, interpreteer en pas wetenskaplike, tegnologiese en omgewingskennis toe.

Dit word bewys as die leerder:

2.1 sinvolle inligting kan oproep;

2.2 inligting in kategorieë kan plaas;

2.3 inligting kan interpreteer;

2.4 kennis kan toepas.

LU 3

Wetenskap, Omgewing en die GemeenskapDie leerder is in staat om begrip van die onderlinge verband tussen wetenskap en tegnologie, die samelewing en die omgewing te toon.

Questions & Answers

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Kelo
Extuples Suppose that the short-run production function of certain cut-flower firm is given by: Q=4KL-0.6K2 - 0.112 • Where is quantity of cut flower produced, I is labour input and K is fixed capital input (K-5). Determine the average product of labour (APL) and marginal product of labour (MPL)
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Cornelius
In economics, the contract curve refers to the set of points in an Edgeworth box diagram where both parties involved in a trade cannot be made better off without making one of them worse off. It represents the Pareto efficient allocations of goods between two individuals or entities,
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Answer
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suppose the production function is given by ( L, K)=L¼K¾.assuming capital is fixed find APL and MPL. consider the following short run production function:Q=6L²-0.4L³ a) find the value of L that maximizes output b)find the value of L that maximizes marginal product
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Source:  OpenStax, Natuurwetenskappe graad 8. OpenStax CNX. Sep 12, 2009 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11049/1.1
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