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Memorandum

ACTIVITY 1: LISTENING, READING AND REASONING

Learners, on the whole, do not read well. They cannot look up from their reading with confidence. This exercise is to promote this useful skill. Let the educator read the passage first so that they HEAR how it should be done.

ACTIVITY 2: FINAL READING EXERCISE

Now ask readers from the class to read and to vary the tone in their voice by stressing certain words, using a lighter tone for these stressed words. Also explain what the virgules mean – that they need to pause and breathe at those strategic spots. Poor breathing is one of the causes for poor reading and this exercise can even help stutterers who have difficulty with breathing correctly. Explain about enthusiasm, conviction and sincerity. After all, this IS a useful gadget and they can be honest in their approval!

ACTIVITY 3: ICONS

First explain that an icon means an object representative of the thing you mean.e.g. flags are typical icons.

Here: The light-bulb = an idea is representedThe pig = money that can be made and saved The life-belt = this gadget could save a person from poverty, lack of employment and boredomThe wishing well = if you wish to improve your finances, sell this gadget .The window = a window of opportunity – look through and see what you can do!The clock = seize opportunities – do not waste timeThe pot of gold = there is a reward for hard work

ACTIVITY 4:

Explain how words are used to persuade us to buy and that the advertisement appeals to certain needs in us: We would like to be successful, to be handy, popular, capable; . . .

1 Repetition: The name is repeated often.

2 A personal approach: The writer chats to the reader personally.

3 Rewards for buying the product:

Will be a successful business woman!

Will have attractive piece of furniture!Will receive all sorts of extras!Will save money!Will be the best dresser in town!

4 That this is a very necessary item otherwise you will be useless: “If you want to be a successful sewer”!

5 A marvellous machine which is useful:It does so much that you cannot do without it!

6 A cheap machine: “Not R300. Not R200. But only R140”!

7 Works very fast: “It is easy” implies that it works well and fast.

8 You will be a social success: “You can impress your friends and your husband’s boss” and, “You can be the best dresser in town”!

9 You will save money: “You will save yourself thousands of rands.”

10 You will be a business woman: “You can be the owner of a successful business.”

Now, the learners should be able to distinguish between fact and opinion in this advertisement. They should decide as a class (by a show of hands) whether they think this is a good advertisement or not and whether it is very persuasive or not.

ACTIVITY 5:

Go over some of the answers and have a short class discussion.

ACTIVITY 6: PUNCTUATION MARKS

Encourage them to use some of these in the writing but explain about overuse or under-use.

ACTIVITY 7: IDENTIFYING PHARSES AND CLAUSES

Explain what a phrase or clause is; that a preposition always starts a phrase but that not all phrases are started by a preposition! Give them examples of this. Let them find the verb in the clauses. Give them extra exercises.

ACTIVITY 8: FINDING VERBS IN A PARAGRAPH

Help them to understand that a finite verb can consist of up to 5 words!

ACTIVITY 9: IDENTIFYING TENSES

Go over tenses with the class and do as many extra exercises as possible.

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Source:  OpenStax, English first additional language grade 9. OpenStax CNX. Sep 14, 2009 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11061/1.1
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