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Natural sciences

Grade 8

Energy: electricity, heat and light

Module 12

The refraction of white light

Activity:

To investigate the refraction of white light [lo 2.1, lo 2.4]

Splitting up of white light:

  • This phenomenon can be demonstrated in the classroom by directing a beam of light through a PRISM. A prism is a triangular bar of glass or perspex. When this is done, you will see that white light is a combination of all the colours of the rainbow – this range of colours is known as the SPECTRUM.
  • Red, having the longest wavelength, will experience the least refraction. Blue light, on the opposite side of the SPECTRUM , having the shortest wavelength, will show the greatest degree of refraction.

Assignment 1:

Ask your educator to demonstrate refraction.

Complete the sketch that follows by using coloured pencils to indicate the spectrum.

Assessment of the Sketch of the Spectrum

Were you able to complete the sketch correctly?

[LO 2.1]

Spectacles relieve the problems of people who suffer from short-sightedness or long-sightedness.

Assignment 2:

Differentiate between:

Near-sightedness:

L ong-sightedness:

The lenses of spectacles can be like the reflective surfaces you learnt about earlier, convex or concave. These lenses are shaped on both sides and are therefore biconvex or biconcave.

This shape is __________________________________________

Draw these lenses, showing the refraction that results from each type of lens. You might need to ask your educator’s help.

Assessment of the Sketch of the Spectrum

Were you able to complete the sketch correctly?

[LO 2.4]

Assessment

LO 2: Constructing Science Knowledge:

The learner will know and be able to interpret and apply scientific, technological and environmental knowledge.

This is evident when the learner:

  • recalls meaningful information;
  • interprets information;

2.4 applies knowledge.

Memorandum

SPLITTING UP OF WHITE LIGHT:

Assignment 1:

  • This phenomenon can be demonstrated in the classroom by directing a beam of light through a PRISM.
  • A prism is a triangular bar of glass or perspex.
  • When this is done, you will see that white light is a combination of all the colours of the rainbow – this range of colours is known as the SPECTRUM .
  • The different colours that are combined to form white light do not move at the same speed.
  • Red, having the longest wavelength, will experience the least amount of refraction. Blue light, on the opposite side of the SPECTRUM , having the shortest wavelength, will show the greatest degree of refraction.

Complete the sketch that follows by using coloured pencils to indicate the spectrum.

Spectrum colours:

Violet, blue, green, yellow, orange, red

  • Spectacles relieve the problems of people who suffer from shortsightedness of farsightedness .
  • NEAR-SIGHTEDNESS : People with this condition can see close objects well, but objects in the distance are unclear.
  • LONG-SIGHTEDNESS : People with this condition can see distant objects clearly but find it difficult to focus on nearby objects and find reading difficult, for instance. Older people, in particular, develop this problem.
  • The lenses of spectacles can be shaped, like the reflective surfaces about which you have learnt earlier, to be convex or concave. These lenses are shaped on both sides and are therefore biconvex or biconcave .

This illustrates a biconcave lens

  • Further possibilities:
  • Lens refraction
  • Pinhole camera and binoculars

Questions & Answers

what is biology
Hajah Reply
the study of living organisms and their interactions with one another and their environments
AI-Robot
what is biology
Victoria Reply
HOW CAN MAN ORGAN FUNCTION
Alfred Reply
the diagram of the digestive system
Assiatu Reply
allimentary cannel
Ogenrwot
How does twins formed
William Reply
They formed in two ways first when one sperm and one egg are splited by mitosis or two sperm and two eggs join together
Oluwatobi
what is genetics
Josephine Reply
Genetics is the study of heredity
Misack
how does twins formed?
Misack
What is manual
Hassan Reply
discuss biological phenomenon and provide pieces of evidence to show that it was responsible for the formation of eukaryotic organelles
Joseph Reply
what is biology
Yousuf Reply
the study of living organisms and their interactions with one another and their environment.
Wine
discuss the biological phenomenon and provide pieces of evidence to show that it was responsible for the formation of eukaryotic organelles in an essay form
Joseph Reply
what is the blood cells
Shaker Reply
list any five characteristics of the blood cells
Shaker
lack electricity and its more savely than electronic microscope because its naturally by using of light
Abdullahi Reply
advantage of electronic microscope is easily and clearly while disadvantage is dangerous because its electronic. advantage of light microscope is savely and naturally by sun while disadvantage is not easily,means its not sharp and not clear
Abdullahi
cell theory state that every organisms composed of one or more cell,cell is the basic unit of life
Abdullahi
is like gone fail us
DENG
cells is the basic structure and functions of all living things
Ramadan
What is classification
ISCONT Reply
is organisms that are similar into groups called tara
Yamosa
in what situation (s) would be the use of a scanning electron microscope be ideal and why?
Kenna Reply
A scanning electron microscope (SEM) is ideal for situations requiring high-resolution imaging of surfaces. It is commonly used in materials science, biology, and geology to examine the topography and composition of samples at a nanoscale level. SEM is particularly useful for studying fine details,
Hilary
cell is the building block of life.
Condoleezza Reply
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Source:  OpenStax, Natural sciences grade 8. OpenStax CNX. Sep 12, 2009 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11050/1.1
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