<< Chapter < Page Chapter >> Page >
Ejemplo práctico de realizar un análisis de base de datos para aplicar Ingeniería Inversa de Datos.

La Ingeniería Inversa de Bases de Datos es el conjunto de técnicas que permite la obtención de una representación conceptual de un esquema de base de datos a partir de su codificación.

Sus aplicaciones son múltiples: Re-documentar, reconstruir y/o actualizar documentación perdida o inexistente de bases de datos, servir como pivote en un proceso de migración de datos, y ayudar en la exploración y extracción de datos en bases poco documentadas.

Ahora se comienza a realizar el análisis por el cual obtendremos el modelo conceptual de una base de datos a partir de un modelo físico.

Esta aplicación está implentada en Delphi, con un Oracle Server 8i Lite, por lo tanto los ejemplos están basados en dichos productos. De todas formas, el análisis es el mismo a seguir independientemente del lenguaje o base de datos que utilicemos.

Lo primero que se debe de hacer es obtener toda la información posible de la estructura de la base de datos (no de los datos que contiene), es decir, nombre de las tablas, atributos de las tablas, etc. Dicha información se encuentra almacenada en el catálogo de la base de datos (el cual se consulta fácilmente utilizando SQL). La información obtenida a partir del catálogo se debe almacenar en algún lado (se suele crear una serie de clases que permitan almacenar toda la información y además a dichas clases se les agrega cierta funcionalidad que permita manejar fácilmente la información almacenada en ellas).

Para realizar la obtención de todas las tablas que componen la base de datos se debe efectuar una consulta SQL. En dicha consulta se obtiene los nombres de las tablas, atributos que componen las tablas con sus características más generales (tipos de datos y si admite valores nulos).

La consulta SQL que utilice es la siguiente:

SELECT at.table_name, attc.column_name, attc._data_type, attc.nullable

FROM all_tables at, all_tab_columns attc

WHERE at.table_name = attc.table_name

El resultado de dicha consulta será el siguiente: por cada fila habrán cuatro columnas. Las columnas significan lo siguiente: nombre de la tabla, nombre del atributo, tipo de dato del atributo y si el atributo puede ser nulo. Por lo tanto, cada tabla tendrá tantas filas en el resultado de la consulta como atributos posea.

Una vez realizada esta consulta se procede a guardarla en las estructuras de almacenamiento. Una vez hecho se puede analizar cuales atributos de las tablas corresponden a la clave primaria, cuales son claves foráneas y cuales son claves únicas (que en el modelo de normalización serían las claves candidatas).

Para obtener aquellos atributos que componen la clave primaria de una tabla dada se realiza la siguiente consulta, que se debe realizar para cada tabla existente en la base de datos, cambiando en la siguiente consulta NombreTabla por el nombre de la tabla que se consulta (a partir de este momento, cada vez que se coloque NombreTabla se entenderá que es la tabla que nos encontramos analizando). Aquí va la consulta SQL realizada:

Questions & Answers

Three charges q_{1}=+3\mu C, q_{2}=+6\mu C and q_{3}=+8\mu C are located at (2,0)m (0,0)m and (0,3) coordinates respectively. Find the magnitude and direction acted upon q_{2} by the two other charges.Draw the correct graphical illustration of the problem above showing the direction of all forces.
Kate Reply
To solve this problem, we need to first find the net force acting on charge q_{2}. The magnitude of the force exerted by q_{1} on q_{2} is given by F=\frac{kq_{1}q_{2}}{r^{2}} where k is the Coulomb constant, q_{1} and q_{2} are the charges of the particles, and r is the distance between them.
Muhammed
What is the direction and net electric force on q_{1}= 5µC located at (0,4)r due to charges q_{2}=7mu located at (0,0)m and q_{3}=3\mu C located at (4,0)m?
Kate Reply
what is the change in momentum of a body?
Eunice Reply
what is a capacitor?
Raymond Reply
Capacitor is a separation of opposite charges using an insulator of very small dimension between them. Capacitor is used for allowing an AC (alternating current) to pass while a DC (direct current) is blocked.
Gautam
A motor travelling at 72km/m on sighting a stop sign applying the breaks such that under constant deaccelerate in the meters of 50 metres what is the magnitude of the accelerate
Maria Reply
please solve
Sharon
8m/s²
Aishat
What is Thermodynamics
Muordit
velocity can be 72 km/h in question. 72 km/h=20 m/s, v^2=2.a.x , 20^2=2.a.50, a=4 m/s^2.
Mehmet
A boat travels due east at a speed of 40meter per seconds across a river flowing due south at 30meter per seconds. what is the resultant speed of the boat
Saheed Reply
50 m/s due south east
Someone
which has a higher temperature, 1cup of boiling water or 1teapot of boiling water which can transfer more heat 1cup of boiling water or 1 teapot of boiling water explain your . answer
Ramon Reply
I believe temperature being an intensive property does not change for any amount of boiling water whereas heat being an extensive property changes with amount/size of the system.
Someone
Scratch that
Someone
temperature for any amount of water to boil at ntp is 100⁰C (it is a state function and and intensive property) and it depends both will give same amount of heat because the surface available for heat transfer is greater in case of the kettle as well as the heat stored in it but if you talk.....
Someone
about the amount of heat stored in the system then in that case since the mass of water in the kettle is greater so more energy is required to raise the temperature b/c more molecules of water are present in the kettle
Someone
definitely of physics
Haryormhidey Reply
how many start and codon
Esrael Reply
what is field
Felix Reply
physics, biology and chemistry this is my Field
ALIYU
field is a region of space under the influence of some physical properties
Collete
what is ogarnic chemistry
WISDOM Reply
determine the slope giving that 3y+ 2x-14=0
WISDOM
Another formula for Acceleration
Belty Reply
a=v/t. a=f/m a
IHUMA
innocent
Adah
pratica A on solution of hydro chloric acid,B is a solution containing 0.5000 mole ofsodium chlorid per dm³,put A in the burret and titrate 20.00 or 25.00cm³ portion of B using melting orange as the indicator. record the deside of your burret tabulate the burret reading and calculate the average volume of acid used?
Nassze Reply
how do lnternal energy measures
Esrael
Two bodies attract each other electrically. Do they both have to be charged? Answer the same question if the bodies repel one another.
JALLAH Reply
No. According to Isac Newtons law. this two bodies maybe you and the wall beside you. Attracting depends on the mass och each body and distance between them.
Dlovan
Are you really asking if two bodies have to be charged to be influenced by Coulombs Law?
Robert
like charges repel while unlike charges atttact
Raymond
What is specific heat capacity
Destiny Reply
Specific heat capacity is a measure of the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of a substance by one degree Celsius (or Kelvin). It is measured in Joules per kilogram per degree Celsius (J/kg°C).
AI-Robot
specific heat capacity is the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of a substance by one degree Celsius or kelvin
ROKEEB
Got questions? Join the online conversation and get instant answers!
Jobilize.com Reply

Get Jobilize Job Search Mobile App in your pocket Now!

Get it on Google Play Download on the App Store Now




Source:  OpenStax, Técnicas de mantenimiento de software. OpenStax CNX. Jan 09, 2009 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col10571/1.6
Google Play and the Google Play logo are trademarks of Google Inc.

Notification Switch

Would you like to follow the 'Técnicas de mantenimiento de software' conversation and receive update notifications?

Ask