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Organizations become learning communities when the workers interact collaboratively with each other to construct new meaning and create solutions to pressing problems (Hord, 2004; Hord&Sommers, 2008; McLaughlin&Talbert, 2001, 2006; Senge, 1990: Wheatley, 1994). To build ownership, all constituents must interact. Self-renewing systems need information, and they need to allow structures and cultures that cultivate learning. Data are helpful only inasmuch as it provides for understanding and application, and when it is assimilated by the people who can use it for growth and advancement.

Teachers share the wisdom of their practice, what does and does not work with students, and yet, collaboration in and of itself does not mean renewal. To be effective, collaboration needs specific goals for continuous learning, where best educational practice is studied, and teaching is transformed (Fullan, 2007; Hord, 2004; Hord&Sommers, 2008; Palmer, 2008). Participation involves community and community involves participation if it is to be effective . It sounds simple, but this concept is profoundly challenging to the formation of PLCs (Fullan, 2006; Hord, 2004; Hord&Sommers, 2008; McLaughlin&Talbert, 2001, 2006; Moller, 2004; Wells&Feun, 2007, 2008). Changing the culture of a school to reduce isolation and build community takes patience and skill. A deliberate focus is needed to bring together the people who have experienced isolation in their work. It means forging a new order of things, a way of doing business . The ‘it ’ is the language of relationships.

Relationships in schools have been isolating, not collegial (Fullan, 2001; McLaughlin&Yee, 1988; Lortie, 1975). In the past, teachers have not typically been part of the design of learning for the larger system; this has been private work, done in isolation of colleagues (Blankstein, 2004; Fullan, 2001; Lieberman, 1995; Lortie, 1975). Relationships become the important foundation for the work that is asked of the workers in any organization. Garmston and Wellman (1995) defined self-renewing schools as places that are governed by relationships (¶ 54). Schools should be envisioned as collaborative places where the adults come together to solve their pressing issues and work with passion to make them better.

New skills are needed to assist in creating workplaces that foster relationships. People in organizations need to spend less time on delineating tasks and dividing responsibilities, and more time on fostering process where listening, communicating and facilitating are center stage. Wheatley (1994) stated, “Now I look carefully at how a workplace organizes its relationships; not its tasks, functions, and hierarchies, but the patterns of relationship and the capacities available to form them” (p.39).

The relationships in an organization can produce positive or negative energy. As educators begin to develop new skills of collaborating in PLCs, problems surface (Hord&Sommers, 2008; McLaughlin&Talbert, 2006; Supovitz, 2006, Wells&Feun, 2007, 2008). Teachers are reluctant to deprivatize practice, which has not been the order of schools (Fullan, 2007). Teachers need help in learning how to collaborate. Building colleagueship is a complicated process that takes time, patience, and skills to develop. Lieberman, Saxl and Miles (1988) related the skills that leaders used to build collaboration in their staffs:

Questions & Answers

it is the relatively stable flow of income
Chidubem Reply
what is circular flow of income
Divine Reply
branches of macroeconomics
SHEDRACK Reply
what is Flexible exchang rate?
poudel Reply
is gdp a reliable measurement of wealth
Atega Reply
introduction to econometrics
Husseini Reply
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Jorge
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abubakar
hi
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hi
Mahesh
Hi
Tom
Why is unemployment rate never zero at full employment?
Priyanka Reply
bcoz of existence of frictional unemployment in our economy.
Umashankar
what is flexible exchang rate?
poudel
due to existence of the pple with disabilities
Abdulraufu
the demand of a good rises, causing the demand for another good to fall
Rushawn Reply
is it possible to leave every good at the same level
Joseph
I don't think so. because check it, if the demand for chicken increases, people will no longer consume fish like they used to causing a fall in the demand for fish
Anuolu
is not really possible to let the value of a goods to be same at the same time.....
Salome
Suppose the inflation rate is 6%, does it mean that all the goods you purchase will cost 6% more than previous year? Provide with reasoning.
Geetha Reply
Not necessarily. To measure the inflation rate economists normally use an averaged price index of a basket of certain goods. So if you purchase goods included in the basket, you will notice that you pay 6% more, otherwise not necessarily.
Waeth
discus major problems of macroeconomics
Alii Reply
what is the problem of macroeconomics
Yoal
Economic growth Stable prices and low unemployment
Ephraim
explain inflationcause and itis degre
Miresa Reply
what is inflation
Getu
increase in general price levels
WEETO
Good day How do I calculate this question: C= 100+5yd G= 2000 T= 2000 I(planned)=200. Suppose the actual output is 3000. What is the level of planned expenditures at this level of output?
Chisomo Reply
how to calculate actual output?
Chisomo
how to calculate the equilibrium income
Beshir
Criteria for determining money supply
Thapase Reply
who we can define macroeconomics in one line
Muhammad
Aggregate demand
Mohammed
C=k100 +9y and i=k50.calculate the equilibrium level of output
Mercy Reply
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money as unit of account means what?
Kalombe
A unit of account is something that can be used to value goods and services and make calculations
Jim
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Muhammad
I want to know how can we define macroeconomics in one line
Muhammad
it must be .9 or 0.9 no Mpc is greater than 1 Y=100+.9Y+50 Y-.9Y=150 0.1Y/0.1=150/0.1 Y=1500
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Kalombe
hi can someone help me on this question If a negative shocks shifts the IS curve to the left, what type of policy do you suggest so as to stabilize the level of output? discuss your answer using appropriate graph.
Galge Reply
if interest rate is increased this will will reduce the level of income shifting the curve to the left ◀️
Kalombe
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Source:  OpenStax, Ncpea education leadership review, volume 10, number 2; august 2009. OpenStax CNX. Feb 22, 2010 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col10710/1.2
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