# 0.2 Practice tests (1-4) and final exams  (Page 21/36)

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78 . For a chi-square distribution with five degrees of freedom, the curve is ______________.

## 11.3: test of independence

Use the following information to answer the next four exercises. You are considering conducting a chi-square test of independence for the data in this table, which displays data about cell phone ownership for freshman and seniors at a high school. Your null hypothesis is that cell phone ownership is independent of class standing.

79 . Compute the expected values for the cells.

Cell = Yes Cell = No
Freshman 100 150
Senior 200 50

80 . Compute $\frac{{\left(O-E\right)}^{2}}{z}$ for each cell, where O = observed and E = expected.

81 . What is the chi-square statistic and degrees of freedom for this study?

82 . At the α = 0.5 significance level, what is your decision regarding the null hypothesis?

## 11.4: test of homogeneity

83 . You conduct a chi-square test of homogeneity for data in a five by two table. What is the degrees of freedom for this test?

## 11.5: comparison summary of the chi-square tests: goodness-of-fit, independence and homogeneity

84 . A 2013 poll in the State of California surveyed people about taxing sugar-sweetened beverages. The results are presented in the following table, and are classified by ethnic group and response type. Are the poll responses independent of the participants’ ethnic group? Conduct a hypothesis test at the 5% significance level.

Ethnic Group \ Response Type Favor Oppose No Opinion Row Total
White / Non-Hispanic 234 433 43 710
Latino 147 106 19 272
African American 24 41 6 71
Asian American 54 48 16 118
Column Total 459 628 84 1171

85 . In a test of homogeneity, what must be true about the expected value of each cell?

86 . Stated in general terms, what are the null and alternative hypotheses for the chi-square test of independence?

87 . Stated in general terms, what are the null and alternative hypotheses for the chi-square test of homogeneity?

## 11.6: test of a single variance

88 . A lab test claims to have a variance of no more than five. You believe the variance is greater. What are the null and alternative hypothesis to test this?

## 8.1: confidence interval, single population mean, population standard deviation known, normal

1 . $\frac{\sigma }{\sqrt{n}}=\frac{4}{\sqrt{30}}=0.73$

2 . normal

3 . 0.025 or 2.5%; A 95% confidence interval contains 95% of the probability, and excludes five percent, and the five percent excluded is split evenly between the upper and lower tails of the distribution.

4 . z -score = 1.96;

5 . 41 ± 1.43 = (39.57, 42.43); Using the calculator function Zinterval, answer is (40.74, 41.26. Answers differ due to rounding.

6 . The z -value for a 90% confidence interval is 1.645, so EBM = 1.645(0.73) = 1.20085.
The 90% confidence interval is 41 ± 1.20 = (39.80, 42.20).
The calculator function Zinterval answer is (40.78, 41.23). Answers differ due to rounding.

7 . The standard error of measurement is:

The 95% confidence interval is 41 ± 1.12 = (39.88, 42.12).
The calculator function Zinterval answer is (40.84, 41.16). Answers differ due to rounding.

Write a short note on skewness
and on kurtosis too
Hiren
What is events
who is a strong man?
Can you sir plz provide all the multiple choice questions related to Index numbers.?
about probabilty i have some questions and i want the solution
What is hypothesis?
its a scientific guess
ted
A hypothesis in a scientific context, is a testable statement about the relationship between two or more variables or a proposed explanation for some observed phenomenon. In a scientific experiment or study, the hypothesis is a brief summation of the researcher's prediction of the study's findings.
Hamzah
Which may be supported or not by the outcome. Hypothesis testing is the core of the scientific method.
Hamzah
statistics means interpretation analysis and representation of numerical data
Ramzan
To check the statment or assumption about population parameter is xalled hypothesis
Ali
hypothesis is simply an assumption
Patrick
what is the d.f we know that how to find but basically my question is what is the d.f? any concept please
Degrees of freedom aren’t easy to explain. They come up in many different contexts in statistics—some advanced and complicated. In mathematics, they're technically defined as the dimension of the domain of a random vector.
Hamzah
d.f >> Degrees of freedom aren’t easy to explain. They come up in many different contexts in statistics—some advanced and complicated. In mathematics, they're technically defined as the dimension of the domain of a random vector.
Hamzah
But we won't get into that. Because degrees of freedom are generally not something you needto understand to perform a statistical analysis—unless you’re a research statistician, or someone studying statistical theory.
Hamzah
And yet, enquiring minds want to know. So for the adventurous and the curious, here are some examples that provide a basic gist of their meaning in statistics.
Hamzah
The Freedom to Vary First, forget about statistics. Imagine you’re a fun-loving person who loves to wear hats. You couldn't care less what a degree of freedom is. You believe that variety is the spice of life Unfortunately, you have constraints. You have only 7 hats. Yet you want to wear a different
Hamzah
hat every day of the week. On the first day, you can wear any of the 7 hats. On the second day, you can choose from the 6 remaining hats, on day 3 you can choose from 5 hats, and so on.
Hamzah
When day 6 rolls around, you still have a choice between 2 hats that you haven’t worn yet that week. But after you choose your hat for day 6, you have no choice for the hat that you wear on Day 7. You must wear the one remaining hat. You had 7-1 = 6 days of “hat” freedom—in which the hat you wore
Hamzah
That’s kind of the idea behind degrees of freedom in statistics. Degrees of freedom are often broadly defined as the number of "observations" (pieces of information) in the data that are free to vary when estimating statistical parameters.
Hamzah
binomial distribution and poisson both are used to estimate the number of successes probable against the. probable failures. the difference is only that BINOMIAL dist. is for discrete data while POISSON is used for continuous data.
Salman
What do you need to understand?
Angela
The binomial distribution is frequently used to model the number of successes in a sample of size n drawn with replacement from a population of size N. If the sampling is carried out without replacement, the draws are not independent and so the resulting distribution is a hypergeometric distribution
Hamzah
poisson distribution is also for discrete data set. The difference is when the probability of occurring an event is very little and the sample size is extra large then we use poisson distribution.
Neil
Neil yes you got it and very interested answer you gave
jamilu
How to know if the statement is 1 tail or 2 tail?
1 tail if greater than pr less than.2 tail if not equal.
Jojo
in such a case there is no sufficient information provided to develop an alternative hypothesis and we can decide between only two states i.e either the statement is EQUAL TO or NOT EQUAL TO under given conditions
Salman
for 1tail there must be certain criteria like the greater than or less than or some probability value that must be achieved to accept or reject the original hypothesis.
Salman
for example if we have null hypothesis Ho:u=25 Ha:u#25(not equal to 25) it would be two tail if we say Ho:u=25 Ha:u>or Ha:u<25 it would be consider as one tail I hope you will be understand #Coleen
Shabir
yes its true. now you have another problem. so share.
ibrar
what is z score
How to find z score through calculator
Esperanza
Different data sets will have different means and standard deviations, so values from one set cannot always be compared directly with those from another. The z-score standardizes normally distributed data sets, allowing for a proper comparison and a consistent definition of percentiles across data s
Hamzah
what are random number
how to compute the mean with a long method
there is a shortcut method for calculating mean long methid doesn't make any sense.
Neil
what are probability
Saif
probability mass function
Saif
probability density function
Saif
there are many definitions of probability. which one is, the ratio of favourable outcomes & total outcomes.
suhail
distribution used for modeling/(find probabilities) of discrete r.v. is called p.m.f
suhail
distribution used for modeling/(find probabilities) of continued r.v, called p.d.f
suhail
lets use short method using calculator.... store yo data n smply get your mean
Flavian
if 1 calorie =4.12 kj, what is the total kj value of this dish
summation of values of x1 x2 x3 ,,,,xn divided by total number n if it is with frequency its like this summation of values of x1f1+x2f2+x3f3+xnfk divided by summation of frequencies like f1+f2+f3+fk
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