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- Biochemistry exercises
- Nitrogen ii
| 11. Which enzyme produces ammonium ions for the urea cycle? |
| A. |
Oxidase |
| B. |
Transaminase |
| C. |
Aminotransferase |
| D. |
Lactate dehydrogenase |
| E. |
Glutamate dehydrogenase |
Match the term on the left with its biochemical function:
| A. |
Process breaks down protein in the lysosomes as result of nutritional imbalances |
| B. |
Process breaks down organelles and proteins into single amino acids |
| C. |
Recognizes proteins with ubiquitin tails and feeds them into the 20S proteasome |
| D. |
Facilitates the entrance of non-ubiquitinidated proteins inside the 20S proteasome |
| E. |
Shreds any size proteins into small peptides |
| 12. ____20S Proteasome |
| 13. ____Macroautophagy |
| 14. ____Chaperone-Mediated autophagy |
| 15. ____19S regulatory cap |
| 16. ____11S regulatory cap |
| 17. Which of the following statements explains the concept of high protein, low carbohydrate diets? |
| A. |
Increased in insulin levels induce both glycolysis and glycogenesis. |
| B. |
Increased in glucagon levels stimulate lipolysis and b-oxidation of fats. |
| C. |
Increased in cortisol levels activate glycogenolysis in muscle. |
| D. |
Decreased in epinephrine levels enhance the rate of gluconeogenesis. |
| E. |
Decreased in insulin levels open GLUT4 transporters in muscle. |
18. A 40-year old woman suffers hematuria and consistent back pain on the left side. A 24-hour urine sample was collected. Urine pH was acidic. Urine was positive for basic amino acids and had high levels of cystine. Microscopic urine examination showed the presence of translucent hexagonal crystals.
 Which of the following disorders is consistent with these lab results? |
| A. |
Hartnup disease |
| B. |
Cystinuria |
| C. |
Pancreatitis |
| D. |
Emphysema |
| E. |
Cystic fibrosis |
| 19. Which of the following high protein food products can be helpful in
both weight loss and providing essential amino acids to the body? |
| A. |
Almonds |
| B. |
Cashews |
| C. |
Eggs |
| D. |
Peanuts |
| E. |
Red kidney beans |
A 21 year old 5' 5" tall female weighs 105 lbs. Her body mass index (
BMI ) is 17.5 and percent body fat is 10%. A normal
BMI for her height and weight is 18.5 - 25. A healthy % body fat is 21% to 33%. She has not had her menstrual period for the past four months. Her complaints are being fatigued, irritable and unable to concentrate. She constantly feels cold even in hot weather. She has a cough and is unable to get better.
Use this clinical case to answer questions 20 to 25.
| 20. She has an intense fear of becoming fat. She does 2 hours of high intensity exercise and a reduced calorie diet to stay thin. This patient consumes two slices of a Pizza Hut Medium Thin'N Crispy Pizza Cheese daily. Each slice of pizza has 230 calories per slice. A normal female, 18 to 35 years old, who neither leads a sedentary lifestyle, neither is overly active, should consume about 1760 calories daily. She feels a great sense of achievement by keeping herself trim and sees nothing wrong with consuming very small amount of calories in addition to her daily exercise workouts.In which nitrogen state is this patient right now? |
| A. |
Positive |
| B. |
Negative |
| C. |
Balanced |
| D. |
Intrinsic |
| E. |
Extrinsic |
| 21. She enjoys drinking daily. Her drinking schedule consists of five to six 12-ounces of beer for happy hour (Monday through Thursday). On the weekends, her alcohol consumption begins after 10 PM and continues until 2 AM. Her favorite drinks are: beers, malt liquor, vodka and tequila shots. She drinks in excess until she is in a drunken stupor or passes out.Which hepatic system will process the excess ethanol molecules in this patient? |
| A. |
Alcohol dehydrogenase |
| B. |
Lactate dehydrogenase |
| C. |
Malate dehydrogenase |
| D. |
Pyruvate decarboxylase |
| E. |
Ubiquitin-proteasome |
| 22. Which of the following molecules will cause dehydration and loss of electrolytes in this patient? |
| A. |
VLDL particles |
| B. |
Glycerol |
| C. |
Lactic acid |
| D. |
Ketone Bodies |
| E. |
Acetaldehyde |
| 23. Which of the following by-products of alcohol metabolism is the main source of fuel for the cells as a result of excess alcohol consumption in this patient? |
| A. |
NADPH |
| B. |
Ketone bodies |
| C. |
Lactate |
| D. |
Acetate |
| E. |
Acetaldehyde |
| 24. Which of the following
IS NOT an effect associated with the metabolism of excess ethanol? |
| A. |
Hyperlipidemia |
| B. |
Metabolic acidosis |
| C. |
Dehydration |
| D. |
Overhydration |
| E. |
Loss of electrolytes |
| 25. Which hepatic system synthesis will be induced as a result of daily excess ethanol consumption in this patient? |
| A. |
Alcohol dehydrogenase |
| B. |
Microsomal ethanol oxidizing |
| C. |
Ubiquitin-Proteasome |
| D. |
Lysosomal Proteases |
| E. |
Glucuronidation |
Source:
OpenStax, Biochemistry exercises. OpenStax CNX. Apr 06, 2016 Download for free at https://legacy.cnx.org/content/col11386/1.4
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