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Се дефинира поимот за интервал и се определуваат видови на интервали.

Интервали

Поимот интервал се воведува со следната

Дефиниција.

Нека a , b R size 12{a,b in R} {} и нека a < b . size 12{a<b "." } {} Множеството од сите броеви x R size 12{x in R} {} кои ја задоволуваат релацијата a x b size 12{a<= x<= b} {} се нарекува интервал и се означува со [ a , b ] . size 12{ \[ a,b \] "." } {}

Интервалот [ a , b ] size 12{ \[ a,b \] } {} се нарекува затворен интервал или сегмент бидејќи ги содржи и неговите крајни вредности a size 12{a} {} и b size 12{b} {} .

Ако крајните вредности a size 12{a} {} и b size 12{b} {} не му припаѓаат на интервалот т.е.

a < x < b size 12{a<x<b} {} ,

тогаш тој се нарекува отворен интервал и се означува со ( a , b ) size 12{ \( a,`b \) } {} .

Постојат и полуотворени и полузатворени интервали.

Интерва­лот

a < x b size 12{a<x<= b} {}

е полуотворен од лево и полузатворен од десно и се означува со ( a , b ] size 12{ \( a,`b \] } {} , додека интервалот

a x < b size 12{a<= x<b} {}

е полузатворен од лево и полуотворен од десно и се означува со [ a , b ) size 12{ \[ a,`b \) } {} .

Сите погоре наведени интервали се ограничени.

Бројот b a size 12{b - a} {} се нарекува должина на интервалот .

Постојат и неогра­ничени интервали, а такви се следните интервали:

a x <+ size 12{a<= x"<+" infinity } {}

или

[ a , + ) size 12{ \[ a,`+ infinity \) } {}

кој ги содржи сите реални броеви поголеми или еднакви на бројот a size 12{a} {} и овој интервал е затворен од лево а отворен од десно.

Отворениот интервал кој ги содржи реалните броеви поголеми од бројот a size 12{a} {} се означува со

a < x <+ size 12{a<x"<+" infinity } {}

или

( a , + ) . size 12{ \( a,+ infinity \) "." } {}

Аналогно на горенаведените интервали, интервалот кој ги содржи сите рални броеви помали или еднакви од b size 12{b} {} се означува со

< x b size 12{ - infinity<x<= b} {}

или

( , b ] size 12{ \( - infinity ,b \] } {} ,

додека интервалот со стриктно помали броеви од b size 12{b} {} се означува со

< x < b size 12{ - infinity<x<b} {}

или

( , b ) size 12{ \( - infinity ,b \) } {} .

Множеството од сите реални броеви се претставува со

< x <+ size 12{ - infinity<x"<+" infinity } {} ,

односно

( , + ) size 12{ \( - infinity `,`+ infinity \) } {}

и претставува отворен интервал и од лево и од десно и нему му кореспондираат сите точки од бројната права.

Questions & Answers

how does Neisseria cause meningitis
Nyibol Reply
what is microbiologist
Muhammad Reply
what is errata
Muhammad
is the branch of biology that deals with the study of microorganisms.
Ntefuni Reply
What is microbiology
Mercy Reply
studies of microbes
Louisiaste
when we takee the specimen which lumbar,spin,
Ziyad Reply
How bacteria create energy to survive?
Muhamad Reply
Bacteria doesn't produce energy they are dependent upon their substrate in case of lack of nutrients they are able to make spores which helps them to sustain in harsh environments
_Adnan
But not all bacteria make spores, l mean Eukaryotic cells have Mitochondria which acts as powerhouse for them, since bacteria don't have it, what is the substitution for it?
Muhamad
they make spores
Louisiaste
what is sporadic nd endemic, epidemic
Aminu Reply
the significance of food webs for disease transmission
Abreham
food webs brings about an infection as an individual depends on number of diseased foods or carriers dully.
Mark
explain assimilatory nitrate reduction
Esinniobiwa Reply
Assimilatory nitrate reduction is a process that occurs in some microorganisms, such as bacteria and archaea, in which nitrate (NO3-) is reduced to nitrite (NO2-), and then further reduced to ammonia (NH3).
Elkana
This process is called assimilatory nitrate reduction because the nitrogen that is produced is incorporated in the cells of microorganisms where it can be used in the synthesis of amino acids and other nitrogen products
Elkana
Examples of thermophilic organisms
Shu Reply
Give Examples of thermophilic organisms
Shu
advantages of normal Flora to the host
Micheal Reply
Prevent foreign microbes to the host
Abubakar
they provide healthier benefits to their hosts
ayesha
They are friends to host only when Host immune system is strong and become enemies when the host immune system is weakened . very bad relationship!
Mark
what is cell
faisal Reply
cell is the smallest unit of life
Fauziya
cell is the smallest unit of life
Akanni
ok
Innocent
cell is the structural and functional unit of life
Hasan
is the fundamental units of Life
Musa
what are emergency diseases
Micheal Reply
There are nothing like emergency disease but there are some common medical emergency which can occur simultaneously like Bleeding,heart attack,Breathing difficulties,severe pain heart stock.Hope you will get my point .Have a nice day ❣️
_Adnan
define infection ,prevention and control
Innocent
I think infection prevention and control is the avoidance of all things we do that gives out break of infections and promotion of health practices that promote life
Lubega
Heyy Lubega hussein where are u from?
_Adnan
en français
Adama
which site have a normal flora
ESTHER Reply
Many sites of the body have it Skin Nasal cavity Oral cavity Gastro intestinal tract
Safaa
skin
Asiina
skin,Oral,Nasal,GIt
Sadik
How can Commensal can Bacteria change into pathogen?
Sadik
How can Commensal Bacteria change into pathogen?
Sadik
all
Tesfaye
by fussion
Asiina
what are the advantages of normal Flora to the host
Micheal
what are the ways of control and prevention of nosocomial infection in the hospital
Micheal
what is inflammation
Shelly Reply
part of a tissue or an organ being wounded or bruised.
Wilfred
what term is used to name and classify microorganisms?
Micheal Reply
Binomial nomenclature
adeolu
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Source:  OpenStax, Воведни поими од математичка анализа. OpenStax CNX. Nov 01, 2007 Download for free at http://legacy.cnx.org/content/col10475/1.1
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