| << Chapter < Page | Chapter >> Page > |
| 1. Which of the following statements about glucose transporters is TRUE ? | |
| A. | The transporter for red blood cells is an insulin-sensitive transporter. |
| B. | The transporter in spermatozoa function to transport fructose. |
| C. | The transporter for muscle is a glucose sensor transporter. |
| D. | The transporter for adipose tissue is a low affinity transporter. |
| E. | The transporter for the liver is a high affinity transporter. |
| 2. Which of the following statements BEST states the clinical significance of glucose transporters in the brain? | |
| A. | The passage of glucose across the endothelial cells of the blood brain barrier is fast, thus maintaining a balance of supply and demand, especially during systemic hypoglycemia and seizures. |
| B. | An ideal glucose level for normal neuronal function is 18-54 mg/dL and this prevents symptoms of light-headedness, dizziness or coma. |
| C. | The levels of GLUT1 and GLUT3 remain constant from birth to adulthood and this facilitates neuronal maturation and synaptic activity in the brain. |
| D. | Patients with Alzheimer's disease show reduced levels of GLUT1 and GLUT3 in regions that show deficits in cerebral glucose utilization. |
| E. | Studies of glucose transporters in the brain do not offer any useful information for diseases like diabetes, hypoxia/ischemia, epilepsy and neurodegenerative disorders. |
| 3. Which of the following statements about muscle protein degradation is INCORRECT ? | |
| A. | An ubiquitin-proteasome complex targets proteins that contains rich region of proline, glutamate, serine and threonine (PEST). |
| B. | An active proteasome complex breaks down muscle proteins via a PA700 CAP with a PA28 subunit or a PA 28 subunit by itself. |
| C. | Lysosomes contain cathepsins enzymes which break down muscle proteins and release amino acids into circulation. |
| D. | Phagocytosis facilitates the intake and break down of muscle proteins in the inside of the lysosomes. |
| E. | Calpains are cytosolic calcium regulated enzymes capable of breaking muscle proteins into amino acids. |
| 4. Which of the following CANNOT be broken down into amino acids by any of the enzymes that degrade proteins in the body? | |
| A. | Muscle |
| B. | Plant Fiber |
| C. | Hemoglobin |
| D. | Digestive enzymes |
| E. | Sloughed off cells of the intestines |
| 5. Which of the following statements about GLUT4 is INCORRECT ? | |
| A. | GLUT4 is a glucose transporter predominantly found in adipose tissue and heart and skeletal muscle. |
| B. | GLUT4 allows entrance of fructose inside the cells and expressed in cells with barrier functions. |
| C. | Binding of insulin to a cell receptor activates the GLUT4 transporter to allow glucose inside the cells. |
| D. | Insulin helps regulates the synthesis and activation of glycogen synthase for glycogen storage. |
| E. | GLUT4 is inactive as an intracellular vesicle during periods of fasting and activated during the feeding state by insulin. |
| 6. Which of the following is NOT a common problem associated with excessive secretion of insulin? | |
| A. | Hypoglycemia |
| B. | Depleted storage of glycogen |
| C. | High storage of glycogen |
| D. | Stimulation of synthesis of glycogen |
| E. | Inhibition of glycogen degradation |
Notification Switch
Would you like to follow the 'Biochemistry exercises' conversation and receive update notifications?
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|