<< Chapter < Page Chapter >> Page >

Inleiding

In hierdie hoofstuk sal jy leer hoe om met algebraïese uitdrukkings te werk. Hersiening van vorige faktorisering en vermenigvuldiging van uitdrukkings sal dus nodig wees voordat die nuwe leerstof uitgebrei word vir Graad 10.

Hersiening van vorige werk

Die volgende behoort bekend te wees, maar ons gee 'n paar voorbeelde ter herinnering.

Dele van uitdrukkings

Wiskundige uitdrukkings is soos sinne en elke deel het 'n spesifieke naam. Jy behoort vertroud te wees met die volgende name wat die dele van wiskundige uitdrukkings beskryf.

a · x k + b · x + c m = 0 d · y p + e · y + f 0
Naam Voorbeelde (geskei deur kommas)
term a · x k , b · x , c m , d · y p , e · y , f
uitdrukking a · x k + b · x + c m , d · y p + e · y + f
koëffisiënte a , b , d , e
eksponent (of indeks) k , p
grondtal x , y , c
konstante a , b , c , d , e , f
veranderlike x , y
vergelyking a · x k + b · x + c m = 0
ongelykheid d · y p + e · y + f 0
binomiaal uitdrukking met twee terme
trinomiaal uitdrukking met drie terme

Produk van twee binomiale

'n Binomiaal is 'n wiskundige uitdrukking met twee terme, soos ( a x + b ) en ( c x + d ) . As hierdie twee binomiale vermenigvuldig word, is die volgende die resultaat:

( a · x + b ) ( c · x + d ) = ( a x ) ( c · x + d ) + b ( c · x + d ) = ( a x ) ( c x ) + ( a x ) d + b ( c x ) + b · d = a x 2 + x ( a d + b c ) + b d

Vind die produk van ( 3 x - 2 ) ( 5 x + 8 ) .

  1. ( 3 x - 2 ) ( 5 x + 8 ) = ( 3 x ) ( 5 x ) + ( 3 x ) ( 8 ) + ( - 2 ) ( 5 x ) + ( - 2 ) ( 8 ) = 15 x 2 + 24 x - 10 x - 16 = 15 x 2 + 14 x - 16
    .

Die produk van twee identiese binomiale, is bekend as die kwadraat (of vierkant) van binomiale en word geskryf as:

( a x + b ) 2 = a 2 x 2 + 2 a b x + b 2

Gestel die twee terme is a x + b en a x - b , dan is hulle produk:

( a x + b ) ( a x - b ) = a 2 x 2 - b 2

Dit staan bekend as die verskil van twee kwadrate (of vierkante) .

Faktorisering

Faktorisering is die omgekeerde proses van die uitbreiding van hakies. Byvoorbeeld, as hakies uitgebrei word, word 2 ( x + 1 ) geskryf as 2 x + 2 . Faktorisering sal dus begin met 2 x + 2 en eindig met 2 ( x + 1 ) . In vorige grade het ons gefaktoriseer deur die uithaal van gemeenskaplike faktore en die verskil tussen twee vierkante.

Gemeenskaplike faktore

Faktorisering deur die uithaal van gemeenskaplike faktore, is gebaseer daarop dat daar faktore is wat in al die terme voorkom. Byvoorbeeld, 2 x - 6 x 2 kan as volg gefaktoriseer word:

2 x - 6 x 2 = 2 x ( 1 - 3 x )

Ondersoek: gemeenskaplike faktore

Vind die grootste gemene faktore van die volgende pare terme:

(a) 6 y ; 18 x (b) 12 m n ; 8 n (c) 3 s t ; 4 s u (d) 18 k l ; 9 k p (e) a b c ; a c
(f) 2 x y ; 4 x y z (g) 3 u v ; 6 u (h) 9 x y ; 15 x z (i) 24 x y z ; 16 y z (j) 3 m ; 45 n

Verskil van twee kwadrate

Ons het gesien dat:

( a x + b ) ( a x - b ) = a 2 x 2 - b 2

In [link] dui die = teken aan dat die twee kante altyd gelyk sal wees. Dit beteken dat 'n uitdrukking in die vorm:

a 2 x 2 - b 2

gefaktoriseer kan word as:

( a x + b ) ( a x - b )

Dus,

a 2 x 2 - b 2 = ( a x + b ) ( a x - b )

Byvoorbeeld, x 2 - 16 kan geskryf word as ( x 2 - 4 2 ) wat die verskil is tussen twee kwadrate. Dus, die faktore van x 2 - 16 is ( x - 4 ) en ( x + 4 ) .

Faktoriseer volledig: b 2 y 5 - 3 a b y 3

  1. b 2 y 5 - 3 a b y 3 = b y 3 ( b y 2 - 3 a )

Faktoriseer volledig: 3 a ( a - 4 ) - 7 ( a - 4 )


  1. ( a - 4 ) is die gemene faktor
    3 a ( a - 4 ) - 7 ( a - 4 ) = ( a - 4 ) ( 3 a - 7 )

Faktoriseer 5 ( a - 2 ) - b ( 2 - a )

  1. 5 ( a - 2 ) - b ( 2 - a ) = 5 ( a - 2 ) - [ - b ( a - 2 ) ] = 5 ( a - 2 ) + b ( a - 2 ) = ( a - 2 ) ( 5 + b )

Hersien

  1. Vind die produkte / Verwyder die hakies:
    (a) 2 y ( y + 4 ) (b) ( y + 5 ) ( y + 2 ) (c) ( y + 2 ) ( 2 y + 1 )
    (d) ( y + 8 ) ( y + 4 ) (e) ( 2 y + 9 ) ( 3 y + 1 ) (f) ( 3 y - 2 ) ( y + 6 )


  2. Faktoriseer:
    1. 2 l + 2 w
    2. 12 x + 32 y
    3. 6 x 2 + 2 x + 10 x 3
    4. 2 x y 2 + x y 2 z + 3 x y
    5. - 2 a b 2 - 4 a 2 b


  3. Faktoriseer volledig:
    (a) 7 a + 4 (b) 20 a - 10 (c) 18 a b - 3 b c
    (d) 12 k j + 18 k q (e) 16 k 2 - 4 k (f) 3 a 2 + 6 a - 18
    (g) - 6 a - 24 (h) - 2 a b - 8 a (i) 24 k j - 16 k 2 j
    (j) - a 2 b - b 2 a (k) 12 k 2 j + 24 k 2 j 2 (l) 72 b 2 q - 18 b 3 q 2
    (m) 4 ( y - 3 ) + k ( 3 - y ) (n) a ( a - 1 ) - 5 ( a - 1 ) (o) b m ( b + 4 ) - 6 m ( b + 4 )
    (p) a 2 ( a + 7 ) + a ( a + 7 ) (q) 3 b ( b - 4 ) - 7 ( 4 - b ) (r) a 2 b 2 c 2 - 1


Questions & Answers

how does Neisseria cause meningitis
Nyibol Reply
what is microbiologist
Muhammad Reply
what is errata
Muhammad
is the branch of biology that deals with the study of microorganisms.
Ntefuni Reply
What is microbiology
Mercy Reply
studies of microbes
Louisiaste
when we takee the specimen which lumbar,spin,
Ziyad Reply
How bacteria create energy to survive?
Muhamad Reply
Bacteria doesn't produce energy they are dependent upon their substrate in case of lack of nutrients they are able to make spores which helps them to sustain in harsh environments
_Adnan
But not all bacteria make spores, l mean Eukaryotic cells have Mitochondria which acts as powerhouse for them, since bacteria don't have it, what is the substitution for it?
Muhamad
they make spores
Louisiaste
what is sporadic nd endemic, epidemic
Aminu Reply
the significance of food webs for disease transmission
Abreham
food webs brings about an infection as an individual depends on number of diseased foods or carriers dully.
Mark
explain assimilatory nitrate reduction
Esinniobiwa Reply
Assimilatory nitrate reduction is a process that occurs in some microorganisms, such as bacteria and archaea, in which nitrate (NO3-) is reduced to nitrite (NO2-), and then further reduced to ammonia (NH3).
Elkana
This process is called assimilatory nitrate reduction because the nitrogen that is produced is incorporated in the cells of microorganisms where it can be used in the synthesis of amino acids and other nitrogen products
Elkana
Examples of thermophilic organisms
Shu Reply
Give Examples of thermophilic organisms
Shu
advantages of normal Flora to the host
Micheal Reply
Prevent foreign microbes to the host
Abubakar
they provide healthier benefits to their hosts
ayesha
They are friends to host only when Host immune system is strong and become enemies when the host immune system is weakened . very bad relationship!
Mark
what is cell
faisal Reply
cell is the smallest unit of life
Fauziya
cell is the smallest unit of life
Akanni
ok
Innocent
cell is the structural and functional unit of life
Hasan
is the fundamental units of Life
Musa
what are emergency diseases
Micheal Reply
There are nothing like emergency disease but there are some common medical emergency which can occur simultaneously like Bleeding,heart attack,Breathing difficulties,severe pain heart stock.Hope you will get my point .Have a nice day ❣️
_Adnan
define infection ,prevention and control
Innocent
I think infection prevention and control is the avoidance of all things we do that gives out break of infections and promotion of health practices that promote life
Lubega
Heyy Lubega hussein where are u from?
_Adnan
en français
Adama
which site have a normal flora
ESTHER Reply
Many sites of the body have it Skin Nasal cavity Oral cavity Gastro intestinal tract
Safaa
skin
Asiina
skin,Oral,Nasal,GIt
Sadik
How can Commensal can Bacteria change into pathogen?
Sadik
How can Commensal Bacteria change into pathogen?
Sadik
all
Tesfaye
by fussion
Asiina
what are the advantages of normal Flora to the host
Micheal
what are the ways of control and prevention of nosocomial infection in the hospital
Micheal
what is inflammation
Shelly Reply
part of a tissue or an organ being wounded or bruised.
Wilfred
what term is used to name and classify microorganisms?
Micheal Reply
Binomial nomenclature
adeolu
Got questions? Join the online conversation and get instant answers!
Jobilize.com Reply

Get Jobilize Job Search Mobile App in your pocket Now!

Get it on Google Play Download on the App Store Now




Source:  OpenStax, Siyavula textbooks: wiskunde (graad 10) [caps]. OpenStax CNX. Aug 04, 2011 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11328/1.4
Google Play and the Google Play logo are trademarks of Google Inc.

Notification Switch

Would you like to follow the 'Siyavula textbooks: wiskunde (graad 10) [caps]' conversation and receive update notifications?

Ask