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counter = counter + 1;

can be reduced to

counter += 1;

Here is the full set.

=
*= Multyply
/= Divide
%= Modulus
+= Add
-= Subtract
<<= Left Shift
>>= Right Shift
&= Bitwise AND
^= Bitwise Exclusive OR (XOR)
|= Bitwise Ixclusive OR

if expr1 and expr2 are expressions then

expr1 op= expr2 is equivalent to expr1 = expr1 op expr2

Logical and relational operators

Relational operators

Operators Meaning Examples
> greater than 2>3 (is 0) 6>4 (is 1) a>b
>= greater than or equal to 6>= 4 (is 1) x>= a
< less than 5<3 (is 0),
<= less than or equal to 5<= 5 (is 1) 2<= 9 (is 1)
== equal to 3 == 4 (is 0) a == b
!= not equal to 5 != 6 (is 1) 6 != 6 (is 0)

Logical operators

Operators Meaning Data types of the operands Examples
&& logical and 2 logic expressions 3<5&&4<6 (is 1) 2<1&&2<3 (is 0) a>b&&c<d
|| logical or 2 logic expressions 6 || 0 (is 1) 3<2 || 3<3 (is 1) x>= a || x == 0
! logical not 1 logic expression !3 (is 0) !(2>5) (is 1)

Bitwise operators

Operators Meaning Data types of the operands Examples
& Binary AND 2 binary numbers 0&0 (is 0) 0&1 (is 0) 1&0 (is 0) 1&1 (is 1) 101&110 (is 100)
| Binary OR 2 binary numbers 0 | 0 (is 0) 0 | 1 (is 0)1 | 0 (is 0) 1 | 1 (is 1)101 | 110 (is 111)
^ Binary XOR 2 binary numbers 0 ^ 0 (is 0) 0 ^1 (is 1)1 ^ 0 (is 1) 1 ^ 1 (is 0)101 ^ 110 (is 011)
<< Shift left 1 binary number a<<n (is a*2n) 101<<2 (is 10100)
>> Shift right 1 binary number a>>n (is a/2n) 101>>2 (is 1)
~ One's complement 1 binary number ~ 0 (is 1) ~ 1 (is 0)~ 110 (is 001)

Increment and decrement operators

Incrementing, decrementing and doing calculations on a variable is a very common programming task and C has quicker ways of writing the code. The code is rather cyptic in appearance.

The increment operator ++ adds 1 to its operand while the decrement operator - -subtract 1. We have frequently used ++ to increment variables, as in

if (c = = ’\n’) ++n;

The unusual aspect is that ++ and - - may be used either as prefix operators (before the variable, as in ++n) or postfix operators (after the variable, as in n++). In both cases, the effect is to increment n. But the expression ++n increments n before its value is used, while n++ increment n after its value has been used. This mean that in a context where the value is being used, not just the effect, ++n and n++ are different. For example, if n is 5, then

x = n++;

sets x to 5 but

x = ++n;

sets x to 6. In both cases, n becomes 6.

The increment and decrement operator can only be applied to variables; an expression like (i + j)++ is illegal.

Memory addressing operators

The five operators listed in the following table are used in addressing array elements and members of structures, and in using pointers to access objects and functions.

Operator Meaning Example Result
& Address of &x Pointer to x
* Indirection operator *p The object or function that p points to
[ ] Subscripting x[y] The element with the index y in the array x (or the element with the index x in the array y: the [ ] operator works either way)
. Structure or union member designator x.y The member named y in the structure or union x
-> Structure or union member designator by reference p->y The member named y in the structure or union that p points to

Type conversions

When an operator has operands of different types, they are converted to a common type according to a small number of rules. In general, the only automatic conversion era those that convert a narrower operand into a wider one without loosing information, such as converting an integer into floating point .

If there are no unsigned operands, the following informal set of rules will suffice:

If either operand is long double, convert the other to long double.

Otherwise, if either operand is double, convert the other to double.

Otherwise if either operand is float, convert the other to float.

Otherwise convert char and short to int.

Then if either operand is long, convert the other to long.

A char is just a small integer, so chars may be freely used in arithmetic expressions

Precedence of operators

Operators listed by type.

All operators on the same line have the same precedence. The first line has the highest precedence.

Level Operators Associativity
1 () [] . ->++ (postfix) – (postfix) ----->
2 ! ~ ++ (prefix) -- (prefix) - *&sizeof <-----
3 * / % ----->
4 + - ----->
5 <<>> ----->
6 <<=>>= ----->
7 == != ----->
8 & ----->
9 ^ ----->
10 | ----->
11 && ----->
12 || ----->
13 ?: <-----
14 = += -= <-----

Note:associate left to right

Questions & Answers

A golfer on a fairway is 70 m away from the green, which sits below the level of the fairway by 20 m. If the golfer hits the ball at an angle of 40° with an initial speed of 20 m/s, how close to the green does she come?
Aislinn Reply
cm
tijani
what is titration
John Reply
what is physics
Siyaka Reply
A mouse of mass 200 g falls 100 m down a vertical mine shaft and lands at the bottom with a speed of 8.0 m/s. During its fall, how much work is done on the mouse by air resistance
Jude Reply
Can you compute that for me. Ty
Jude
what is the dimension formula of energy?
David Reply
what is viscosity?
David
what is inorganic
emma Reply
what is chemistry
Youesf Reply
what is inorganic
emma
Chemistry is a branch of science that deals with the study of matter,it composition,it structure and the changes it undergoes
Adjei
please, I'm a physics student and I need help in physics
Adjanou
chemistry could also be understood like the sexual attraction/repulsion of the male and female elements. the reaction varies depending on the energy differences of each given gender. + masculine -female.
Pedro
A ball is thrown straight up.it passes a 2.0m high window 7.50 m off the ground on it path up and takes 1.30 s to go past the window.what was the ball initial velocity
Krampah Reply
2. A sled plus passenger with total mass 50 kg is pulled 20 m across the snow (0.20) at constant velocity by a force directed 25° above the horizontal. Calculate (a) the work of the applied force, (b) the work of friction, and (c) the total work.
Sahid Reply
you have been hired as an espert witness in a court case involving an automobile accident. the accident involved car A of mass 1500kg which crashed into stationary car B of mass 1100kg. the driver of car A applied his brakes 15 m before he skidded and crashed into car B. after the collision, car A s
Samuel Reply
can someone explain to me, an ignorant high school student, why the trend of the graph doesn't follow the fact that the higher frequency a sound wave is, the more power it is, hence, making me think the phons output would follow this general trend?
Joseph Reply
Nevermind i just realied that the graph is the phons output for a person with normal hearing and not just the phons output of the sound waves power, I should read the entire thing next time
Joseph
Follow up question, does anyone know where I can find a graph that accuretly depicts the actual relative "power" output of sound over its frequency instead of just humans hearing
Joseph
"Generation of electrical energy from sound energy | IEEE Conference Publication | IEEE Xplore" ***ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7150687?reload=true
Ryan
what's motion
Maurice Reply
what are the types of wave
Maurice
answer
Magreth
progressive wave
Magreth
hello friend how are you
Muhammad Reply
fine, how about you?
Mohammed
hi
Mujahid
A string is 3.00 m long with a mass of 5.00 g. The string is held taut with a tension of 500.00 N applied to the string. A pulse is sent down the string. How long does it take the pulse to travel the 3.00 m of the string?
yasuo Reply
Who can show me the full solution in this problem?
Reofrir Reply
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Source:  OpenStax, Introduction to computer science. OpenStax CNX. Jul 29, 2009 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col10776/1.1
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