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8 , 8 r 2 , 8 r , 3 r , r 2 , 3 s

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Simplify Expressions by Combining Like Terms

In the following exercises, simplify the following expressions by combining like terms.

8 n + 2 + 4 n + 9

12 n + 11

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19 p + 5 + 4 p 1 + 3 p

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7 y 2 + 2 y + 11 + 3 y 2 8

10 y 2 + 2 y + 3

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13 x 2 x + 6 + 5 x 2 + 9 x

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Translate English Phrases to Algebraic Expressions

In the following exercises, translate the following phrases into algebraic expressions.

the difference of x and 6

x − 6

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the sum of 10 and twice a

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the product of 3 n and 9

3 n ⋅ 9

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5 times the sum of y and 1

5( y + 1)

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10 less than the product of 5 and z

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Jack bought a sandwich and a coffee. The cost of the sandwich was $3 more than the cost of the coffee. Call the cost of the coffee c . Write an expression for the cost of the sandwich.

c + 3

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The number of poetry books on Brianna’s bookshelf is 5 less than twice the number of novels. Call the number of novels n . Write an expression for the number of poetry books.

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Solve Equations Using the Subtraction and Addition Properties of Equality

Determine Whether a Number is a Solution of an Equation

In the following exercises, determine whether each number is a solution to the equation.

y + 16 = 40

  1. 24
  2. 56

  1. yes
  2. no

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d 6 = 21

  1. 15
  2. 27

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4 n + 12 = 36

  1. 6
  2. 12

  1. yes
  2. no

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20 q 10 = 70

  1. 3
  2. 4

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15 x 5 = 10 x + 45

  1. 2
  2. 10

  1. no
  2. yes

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22 p 6 = 18 p + 86

  1. 4
  2. 23

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Model the Subtraction Property of Equality

In the following exercises, write the equation modeled by the envelopes and counters and then solve the equation using the subtraction property of equality.

Solve Equations using the Subtraction Property of Equality

In the following exercises, solve each equation using the subtraction property of equality.

Solve Equations using the Addition Property of Equality

In the following exercises, solve each equation using the addition property of equality.

Translate English Sentences to Algebraic Equations

In the following exercises, translate each English sentence into an algebraic equation.

The sum of 7 and 33 is equal to 40 .

7 + 33 = 44

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The difference of 15 and 3 is equal to 12 .

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The product of 4 and 8 is equal to 32 .

4 ⋅ 8 = 32

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The quotient of 63 and 9 is equal to 7 .

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Twice the difference of n and 3 gives 76 .

2( n − 3) = 76

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The sum of five times y and 4 is 89 .

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Translate to an Equation and Solve

In the following exercises, translate each English sentence into an algebraic equation and then solve it.

Eight more than x is equal to 35 .

x + 8 = 35; x = 27

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The difference of q and 18 is 57 .

q − 18 = 57; q = 75

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The sum of m and 125 is 240 .

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Mixed Practice

In the following exercises, solve each equation.

Find Multiples and Factors

Identify Multiples of Numbers

In the following exercises, list all the multiples less than 50 for each of the following.

3

3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, 30, 33, 36, 39, 42, 45, 48

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Use Common Divisibility Tests

In the following exercises, using the divisibility tests, determine whether each number is divisible by 2 , by 3 , by 5 , by 6 , and by 10 .

Find All the Factors of a Number

In the following exercises, find all the factors of each number.

30

1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 10, 15, 30

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180

1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, 10, 12, 15, 18, 20, 30, 36, 45, 60, 90, 180

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Identify Prime and Composite Numbers

In the following exercises, identify each number as prime or composite.

Prime Factorization and the Least Common Multiple

Find the Prime Factorization of a Composite Number

In the following exercises, find the prime factorization of each number.

Find the Least Common Multiple of Two Numbers

In the following exercises, find the least common multiple of each pair of numbers.

Everyday math

Describe how you have used two topics from The Language of Algebra chapter in your life outside of your math class during the past month.

Answers will vary

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Chapter practice test

In the following exercises, translate from an algebraic equation to English phrases.

15 x

fifteen minus x

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In the following exercises, identify each as an expression or equation.

  1. Write n n n n n n in exponential form.
  2. Write 3 5 in expanded form and then simplify.

  1. n 6
  2. 3 ⋅ 3 ⋅ 3 ⋅ 3 ⋅ 3 = 243

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In the following exercises, simplify, using the order of operations.

5 [ 2 + 7 ( 9 8 ) ]

45

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In the following exercises, evaluate each expression.

6 a 2 b when a = 5 , b = 7

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h w when h = 12 , w = 3

36

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Simplify by combining like terms.

  1. 6 x + 8 x
  2. 9 m + 10 + m + 3

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In the following exercises, translate each phrase into an algebraic expression.

the quotient of 12 and y

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three times the difference of a and b

3( a b )

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Caroline has 3 fewer earrings on her left ear than on her right ear. Call the number of earrings on her right ear, r . Write an expression for the number of earrings on her left ear.

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In the following exercises, solve each equation.

In the following exercises, translate each English sentence into an algebraic equation and then solve it.

15 less than y is 32 .

y − 15 = 32; y = 47

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the sum of a and 129 is 164 .

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List all the multiples of 4 , that are less than 50 .

4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32, 36, 40, 44, 48

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Find all the factors of 90 .

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Find the prime factorization of 1080 .

2 3 ⋅ 3 3 ⋅ 5

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Find the LCM (Least Common Multiple) of 24 and 40 .

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Questions & Answers

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Odigie Reply
evolutionary history and relationship of an organism or group of organisms
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the study of living organisms and their interactions with one another and their environments
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HOW CAN MAN ORGAN FUNCTION
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the diagram of the digestive system
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allimentary cannel
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How does twins formed
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They formed in two ways first when one sperm and one egg are splited by mitosis or two sperm and two eggs join together
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Genetics is the study of heredity
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What is manual
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the study of living organisms and their interactions with one another and their environment.
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discuss the biological phenomenon and provide pieces of evidence to show that it was responsible for the formation of eukaryotic organelles in an essay form
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what is the blood cells
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list any five characteristics of the blood cells
Shaker
lack electricity and its more savely than electronic microscope because its naturally by using of light
Abdullahi Reply
advantage of electronic microscope is easily and clearly while disadvantage is dangerous because its electronic. advantage of light microscope is savely and naturally by sun while disadvantage is not easily,means its not sharp and not clear
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cell theory state that every organisms composed of one or more cell,cell is the basic unit of life
Abdullahi
is like gone fail us
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cells is the basic structure and functions of all living things
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What is classification
ISCONT Reply
is organisms that are similar into groups called tara
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in what situation (s) would be the use of a scanning electron microscope be ideal and why?
Kenna Reply
A scanning electron microscope (SEM) is ideal for situations requiring high-resolution imaging of surfaces. It is commonly used in materials science, biology, and geology to examine the topography and composition of samples at a nanoscale level. SEM is particularly useful for studying fine details,
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Source:  OpenStax, Prealgebra. OpenStax CNX. Jul 15, 2016 Download for free at http://legacy.cnx.org/content/col11756/1.9
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