# 1.5 Subtraction of whole numbers  (Page 3/4)

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## Sample set e

Perform this subtraction.

The number 503 contains a single zero

1. The number to the immediate left of 0 is 5. Decrease 5 by 1.

$5-1=4$

2. Draw a line through the zero and make it a 10.
3. Borrow from the 10 and proceed.

$\text{1 ten}+\text{10 ones}$

$\text{10 ones}+\text{3 ones}=\text{13 ones}$

## Practice set e

Perform each subtraction.

888

4,543

8,669

## Borrowing from a group of zeros

Consider the problem

In this case, we have a group of zeros.

Since we cannot borrow any tens or hundreds, we must borrow 1 thousand. One thousand = 10 hundreds.

We can now borrow 1 hundred from 10 hundreds. One hundred = 10 tens.

We can now borrow 1 ten from 10 tens. One ten = 10 ones.

From observations made in this procedure we can suggest the following method for borrowing from a group of zeros.

## Borrowing from a group of zeros

To borrow from a group of zeros,
1. Decrease the digit to the immediate left of the group of zeros by one.
2. Draw a line through each zero in the group and make it a 9, except the rightmost zero, make it 10.
3. Proceed to subtract as usual.

## Sample set f

Perform each subtraction.

The number 40,000 contains a group of zeros.

1. The number to the immediate left of the group is 4. Decrease 4 by 1.

$4-1=3$

2. Make each 0, except the rightmost one, 9. Make the rightmost 0 a 10.

3. Subtract as usual.

The number 8,000,006 contains a group of zeros.

1. The number to the immediate left of the group is 8. Decrease 8 by 1.

$8-1=7$

2. Make each zero, except the rightmost one, 9. Make the rightmost 0 a 10.

3. To perform the subtraction, we’ll need to borrow from the ten.

$\begin{array}{c}\text{1 ten = 10 ones}\hfill \\ \text{10 ones + 6 ones = 16 ones}\hfill \end{array}$

## Practice set f

Perform each subtraction.

16,134

4,839

15,789,940

## Calculators

In practice, calculators are used to find the difference between two whole numbers.

## Sample set g

Find the difference between 1006 and 284.

 Display Reads Type 1006 1006 Press $-$ 1006 Type 284 284 Press = 722

The difference between 1006 and 284 is 722.

(What happens if you type 284 first and then 1006? We'll study such numbers in [link] Chapter 10.)

## Practice set g

Use a calculator to find the difference between 7338 and 2809.

4,529

Use a calculator to find the difference between 31,060,001 and 8,591,774.

22,468,227

## Exercises

For the following problems, perform the subtractions. You may check each difference with a calculator.

7

6

3

$\begin{array}{c}\hfill 56\\ \hfill \underline{-12}\end{array}$

$\begin{array}{c}\hfill 74\\ \hfill \underline{-33}\end{array}$

41

$\begin{array}{c}\hfill 80\\ \hfill \underline{-61}\end{array}$

$\begin{array}{c}\hfill 350\\ \hfill \underline{-141}\end{array}$

209

$\begin{array}{c}\hfill 800\\ \hfill \underline{-650}\end{array}$

$\begin{array}{c}\hfill 35,002\\ \hfill \underline{-14,001}\end{array}$

21,001

$\begin{array}{c}\hfill 5,000,566\\ \hfill \underline{-2,441,326}\end{array}$

$\begin{array}{c}\hfill 400,605\\ \hfill \underline{-121,352}\end{array}$

279,253

77,472

$\begin{array}{c}\hfill 42\\ \hfill \underline{-18}\end{array}$

$\begin{array}{c}\hfill 51\\ \hfill \underline{-27}\end{array}$

24

188

$\begin{array}{c}\hfill 242\\ \hfill \underline{-158}\end{array}$

$\begin{array}{c}\hfill 3,422\\ \hfill \underline{-1,045}\end{array}$

2,377

$\begin{array}{c}\hfill 5,565\\ \hfill \underline{-3,985}\end{array}$

$\begin{array}{c}\hfill 42,041\\ \hfill \underline{-15,355}\end{array}$

26,686

63,143,259

8,034

$\begin{array}{c}\hfill 59\\ \hfill \underline{-26}\end{array}$

33

$\begin{array}{c}\hfill 92,526,441,820\\ \hfill \underline{-59,914,805,253}\end{array}$

32,611,636,567

$\begin{array}{c}\hfill 30,000\\ \hfill \underline{-26,062}\end{array}$

3,938

$\begin{array}{c}\hfill 600\\ \hfill \underline{-216}\end{array}$

8,273,955

For the following problems, perform each subtraction.

Subtract 63 from 92.

The word "from" means "beginning at." Thus, 63 from 92 means beginning at 92, or $\text{92}-\text{63}$ .

do you think it's worthwhile in the long term to study the effects and possibilities of nanotechnology on viral treatment?
absolutely yes
Daniel
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it is a goid question and i want to know the answer as well
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Abigail
Do somebody tell me a best nano engineering book for beginners?
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are you nano engineer ?
s.
fullerene is a bucky ball aka Carbon 60 molecule. It was name by the architect Fuller. He design the geodesic dome. it resembles a soccer ball.
Tarell
what is the actual application of fullerenes nowadays?
Damian
That is a great question Damian. best way to answer that question is to Google it. there are hundreds of applications for buck minister fullerenes, from medical to aerospace. you can also find plenty of research papers that will give you great detail on the potential applications of fullerenes.
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what is the Synthesis, properties,and applications of carbon nano chemistry
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is Bucky paper clear?
CYNTHIA
so some one know about replacing silicon atom with phosphorous in semiconductors device?
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or in general
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in general
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Graphene has a hexagonal structure
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many many of nanotubes
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what is the function of carbon nanotubes?
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I'm interested in nanotube
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preparation of nanomaterial
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what is system testing
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anybody can imagine what will be happen after 100 years from now in nano tech world
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after 100 year this will be not nanotechnology maybe this technology name will be change . maybe aftet 100 year . we work on electron lable practically about its properties and behaviour by the different instruments
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name doesn't matter , whatever it will be change... I'm taking about effect on circumstances of the microscopic world
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how hard could it be to apply nanotechnology against viral infections such HIV or Ebola?
Damian
silver nanoparticles could handle the job?
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not now but maybe in future only AgNP maybe any other nanomaterials
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I'm interested in Nanotube
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how did you get the value of 2000N.What calculations are needed to arrive at it
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