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Radial acceleration

A student ties a 10 kg mass onto a fishing line with a breaking strength of 5 newtons, and then starts swinging the mass around over his head. The studenttries very hard to cause the path to be circular. The distance from the center of the circle to the mass is 3 meters.

As time goes on, the student swings the mass faster and faster until the fishing line breaks. What is the tangential velocity of the mass when thefishing line breaks.

Solution:

Centripetal force = mass * (centripetal acceleration), or

f = m * Ar, or

f = m * v^2/r, or

v^2 = f*r/m, or

v = (f*r/m)^(1/2), or

v = (5 newtons * 3 meters/10 kg)^(1/2), or

v = 1.22 m/s

The magnitude of the tangential velocity of the mass when the fishing line breaks is 1.22 meters/second

Check the solution using angular velocity, w

w = v / r, or

w = (1.22 m/s) / 3m = 0.407 radians/second

The angular velocity for a tangential velocity of 1.22 m/s is 0.407 radians/second

Ar = (w^2)*r, or

Ar = (( 0.407 /second)^2)*3m, or

Ar = 0.5 m/s^2

The magnitude of the radial acceleration is 0.5 m/s^2

f = m * Ar, or

f = 10kg*(0.5 m/s^2), or

f = 5 newtons, or

the force equals 5 newtons, which matches the breaking strength of the fishing line.

Work through the examples

I encourage you to work through the examples that I have presented in this module toconfirm that you get the same results. Experiment with the scenarios, making changes, and observing the results of your changes. Makecertain that you can explain why your changes behave as they do.

Resources

I will publish a module containing consolidated links to resources on my Connexions web page and will update and add to the list as additional modulesin this collection are published.

Miscellaneous

This section contains a variety of miscellaneous information.

Housekeeping material
  • Module name: Circular Motion -- The Mathematics of Circular Motion
  • File: Phy1260.htm
  • Revised: 10/02/15
  • Keywords:
    • physics
    • accessible
    • accessibility
    • blind
    • graph board
    • protractor
    • screen reader
    • refreshable Braille display
    • JavaScript
    • trigonometry
    • angular displacement
    • angular velocity
    • radian measure
    • tangential displacement
    • tangential speed
    • frequency
    • period
    • centripetal
    • centripetal acceleration
    • centripetal force
Disclaimers:

Financial : Although the openstax CNX site makes it possible for you to download a PDF file for the collection that contains thismodule at no charge, and also makes it possible for you to purchase a pre-printed version of the PDF file, you should beaware that some of the HTML elements in this module may not translate well into PDF.

You also need to know that Prof. Baldwin receives no financial compensation from openstax CNX even if you purchase the PDF version of the collection.

In the past, unknown individuals have copied Prof. Baldwin's modules from cnx.org, converted them to Kindle books, and placed them for sale on Amazon.com showing Prof. Baldwin as the author.Prof. Baldwin neither receives compensation for those sales nor does he know who doesreceive compensation. If you purchase such a book, please be aware that it is a copy of a collection that is freelyavailable on openstax CNX and that it was made and published without the prior knowledge of Prof. Baldwin.

Affiliation : Prof. Baldwin is a professor of Computer Information Technology at Austin Community College in Austin, TX.

-end-

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Source:  OpenStax, Accessible physics concepts for blind students. OpenStax CNX. Oct 02, 2015 Download for free at https://legacy.cnx.org/content/col11294/1.36
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