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4 x + 9 ( x 2 6 x 2 ) + 5 Remove parentheses . 4 x + 9 x 2 54 x 18 + 5 Combine like terms . 50 x + 9 x 2 13

By convention, the terms in an expression are placed in descending order with the highest degree term appearing first. Numerical terms are placed at the right end of the expression. The commutative property of addition allows us to change the order of the terms.

9 x 2 50 x 13

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2 + 2 [ 5 + 4 ( 1 + a ) ]
Eliminate the innermost set of parentheses first.

2 + 2 [ 5 + 4 + 4 a ]

By the order of operations, simplify inside the parentheses before multiplying (by the 2).

2 + 2 [ 9 + 4 a ] Remove this set of parentheses . 2 + 18 + 8 a Combine like terms . 20 + 8 a Write in descending order . 8 a + 20

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x ( x 3 ) + 6 x ( 2 x + 3 )
Use the rule for multiplying powers with the same base.

x 2 3 x + 12 x 2 + 18 x Combine like terms . 13 x 2 + 15 x

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Practice set c

Simplify each of the following expressions by using the distributive property and combining like terms.

4 ( x + 6 ) + 3 ( 2 + x + 3 x 2 ) 2 x 2

7 x 2 + 7 x + 30

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7 ( x + x 3 ) 4 x 3 x + 1 + 4 ( x 2 2 x 3 + 7 )

5 x 3 + 4 x 2 + 6 x + 29

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5 ( a + 2 ) + 6 a 7 + ( 8 + 4 ) ( a + 3 a + 2 )

59 a + 27

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x ( x + 3 ) + 4 x 2 + 2 x

5 x 2 + 5 x

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a 3 ( a 2 + a + 5 ) + a ( a 4 + 3 a 2 + 4 ) + 1

2 a 5 + a 4 + 8 a 3 + 4 a + 1

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2 [ 8 3 ( x 3 ) ]

6 x + 34

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x 2 + 3 x + 7 [ x + 4 x 2 + 3 ( x + x 2 ) ]

50 x 2 + 31 x

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Exercises

For the following problems, simplify each of the algebraic expressions.

h 3 h 5 h

7 h

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3 a 2 + 6 a 2 + 2 a 2

11 a 2

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14 a 2 b + 4 a 2 b + 19 a 2 b

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210 a b 4 + 412 a b 4 + 100 a 4 b ( Look closely at the exponents. )

622 a b 4 + 100 a 4 b

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5 x 2 y 0 + 3 x 2 y + 2 x 2 y + 1 , y 0 ( Look closely at the exponents. )

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8 w 2 12 w 2 3 w 2

7 w 2

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6 x y 3 x y + 7 x y 18 x y

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7 x 3 2 x 2 10 x + 1 5 x 2 3 x 3 12 + x

4 x 3 7 x 2 9 x 11

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21 y 15 x + 40 x y 6 11 y + 7 12 x x y

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1 x + 1 y 1 x 1 y + x y

x y

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5 x 2 3 x 7 + 2 x 2 x

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2 z 3 + 15 z + 4 z 3 + z 2 6 z 2 + z

2 z 3 5 z 2 + 16 z

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18 x 2 y 14 x 2 y 20 x 2 y

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9 w 5 9 w 4 9 w 5 + 10 w 4

18 w 5 + w 4

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2 x 4 + 4 x 3 8 x 2 + 12 x 1 7 x 3 1 x 4 6 x + 2

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17 d 3 r + 3 d 3 r 5 d 3 r + 6 d 2 r + d 3 r 30 d 2 r + 3 7 + 2

16 d 3 r 24 d 2 r 2

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a 0 + 2 a 0 4 a 0 , a 0

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4 x 0 + 3 x 0 5 x 0 + 7 x 0 x 0 , x 0

8

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2 a 3 b 2 c + 3 a 2 b 2 c 0 + 4 a 2 b 2 a 3 b 2 c , c 0

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6 x 3 + 12 x + 5

6 x 3 + 12 x + 5

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7 ( a + 2 ) + 4

7 a + 18

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2 b + 6 ( 3 5 b )

28 b + 18

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5 a 7 c + 3 ( a c )

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8 x 3 x + 4 ( 2 x + 5 ) + 3 ( 6 x 4 )

31 x + 8

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2 z + 4 a b + 5 z a b + 12 ( 1 a b z )

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( a + 5 ) 4 + 6 a 20

10 a

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( 4 a + 5 b 2 ) 3 + 3 ( 4 a + 5 b 2 )

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( 10 x + 3 y 2 ) 4 + 4 ( 10 x + 3 y 2 )

80 x + 24 y 2

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1 ( 3 x + 15 ) + 2 x 12

5 x + 3

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1 ( 2 + 9 a + 4 a 2 ) + a 2 11 a

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1 ( 2 x 6 b + 6 a 2 b + 8 b 2 ) + 1 ( 5 x + 2 b 3 a 2 b )

3 a 2 b + 8 b 2 4 b + 7 x

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After observing the following problems, can you make a conjecture about 1 ( a + b ) ?
1 ( a + b ) =

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Using the result of problem 52, is it correct to write
( a + b ) = a + b ?

yes

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3 ( 2 a + 2 a 2 ) + 8 ( 3 a + 3 a 2 )

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x ( x + 2 ) + 2 ( x 2 + 3 x 4 )

3 x 2 + 8 x 8

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A ( A + 7 ) + 4 ( A 2 + 3 a + 1 )

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b ( 2 b 3 + 5 b 2 + b + 6 ) 6 b 2 4 b + 2

2 b 4 + 5 b 3 5 b 2 + 2 b + 2

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x 3 x ( x 2 7 x 1 )

3 x 3 + 21 x 2 + 4 x

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a b ( a 5 ) 4 a 2 b + 2 a b 2

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x y ( 3 x y + 2 x 5 y ) 2 x 2 y 2 5 x 2 y + 4 x y 2

x 2 y 2 3 x 2 y x y 2

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3 h [ 2 h + 5 ( h + 2 ) ]

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2 k [ 5 k + 3 ( 1 + 7 k ) ]

52 k 2 + 6 k

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8 a [ 2 a 4 a b + 9 ( a 5 a b ) ]

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6 { m + 5 n [ n + 3 ( n 1 ) ] + 2 n 2 } 4 n 2 9 m

128 n 2 90 n 3 m

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5 [ 4 ( r 2 s ) 3 r 5 s ] + 12 s

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8 { 9 [ b 2 a + 6 c ( c + 4 ) 4 c 2 ] + 4 a + b } 3 b

144 c 2 112 a + 77 b + 1728 c

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5 [ 4 ( 6 x 3 ) + x ] 2 x 25 x + 4

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3 x y 2 ( 4 x y + 5 y ) + 2 x y 3 + 6 x 2 y 3 + 4 y 3 12 x y 3

18 x 2 y 3 + 5 x y 3 + 4 y 3

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9 a 3 b 7 ( a 3 b 5 2 a 2 b 2 + 6 ) 2 a ( a 2 b 7 5 a 5 b 12 + 3 a 4 b 9 ) a 3 b 7

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8 ( 3 a + 2 )

24 a 16

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4 x y 2 [ 7 x y 6 ( 5 x y 2 ) + 3 ( x y + 1 ) + 1 ]

24 x 2 y 4 16 x 2 y 3 + 104 x y 2

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Exercises for review

( [link] ) Simplify ( x 10 y 8 z 2 x 2 y 6 ) 3 .

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( [link] ) Find the value of 3 ( 4 9 ) 6 ( 3 ) 1 2 3 .

4

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( [link] ) Write the expression 42 x 2 y 5 z 3 21 x 4 y 7 so that no denominator appears.

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( [link] ) How many ( 2 a + 5 ) ' s are there in 3 x ( 2 a + 5 ) ?

3 x

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( [link] ) Simplify 3 ( 5 n + 6 m 2 ) 2 ( 3 n + 4 m 2 ) .

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Questions & Answers

calculate molarity of NaOH solution when 25.0ml of NaOH titrated with 27.2ml of 0.2m H2SO4
Gasin Reply
what's Thermochemistry
rhoda Reply
the study of the heat energy which is associated with chemical reactions
Kaddija
How was CH4 and o2 was able to produce (Co2)and (H2o
Edafe Reply
explain please
Victory
First twenty elements with their valences
Martine Reply
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asue
what is the best way to define periodic table for jamb
Damilola Reply
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Elijah Reply
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IKyernum Reply
what is atomic radius
ThankGod Reply
Read Chapter 6, section 5
Dr
Read Chapter 6, section 5
Kareem
Atomic radius is the radius of the atom and is also called the orbital radius
Kareem
atomic radius is the distance between the nucleus of an atom and its valence shell
Amos
Read Chapter 6, section 5
paulino
Bohr's model of the theory atom
Ayom Reply
is there a question?
Dr
when a gas is compressed why it becomes hot?
ATOMIC
It has no oxygen then
Goldyei
read the chapter on thermochemistry...the sections on "PV" work and the First Law of Thermodynamics should help..
Dr
Which element react with water
Mukthar Reply
Mgo
Ibeh
an increase in the pressure of a gas results in the decrease of its
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definition of the periodic table
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Source:  OpenStax, Elementary algebra. OpenStax CNX. May 08, 2009 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col10614/1.3
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