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4 x + 9 ( x 2 6 x 2 ) + 5 Remove parentheses . 4 x + 9 x 2 54 x 18 + 5 Combine like terms . 50 x + 9 x 2 13

By convention, the terms in an expression are placed in descending order with the highest degree term appearing first. Numerical terms are placed at the right end of the expression. The commutative property of addition allows us to change the order of the terms.

9 x 2 50 x 13

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2 + 2 [ 5 + 4 ( 1 + a ) ]
Eliminate the innermost set of parentheses first.

2 + 2 [ 5 + 4 + 4 a ]

By the order of operations, simplify inside the parentheses before multiplying (by the 2).

2 + 2 [ 9 + 4 a ] Remove this set of parentheses . 2 + 18 + 8 a Combine like terms . 20 + 8 a Write in descending order . 8 a + 20

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x ( x 3 ) + 6 x ( 2 x + 3 )
Use the rule for multiplying powers with the same base.

x 2 3 x + 12 x 2 + 18 x Combine like terms . 13 x 2 + 15 x

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Practice set c

Simplify each of the following expressions by using the distributive property and combining like terms.

4 ( x + 6 ) + 3 ( 2 + x + 3 x 2 ) 2 x 2

7 x 2 + 7 x + 30

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7 ( x + x 3 ) 4 x 3 x + 1 + 4 ( x 2 2 x 3 + 7 )

5 x 3 + 4 x 2 + 6 x + 29

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5 ( a + 2 ) + 6 a 7 + ( 8 + 4 ) ( a + 3 a + 2 )

59 a + 27

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x ( x + 3 ) + 4 x 2 + 2 x

5 x 2 + 5 x

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a 3 ( a 2 + a + 5 ) + a ( a 4 + 3 a 2 + 4 ) + 1

2 a 5 + a 4 + 8 a 3 + 4 a + 1

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2 [ 8 3 ( x 3 ) ]

6 x + 34

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x 2 + 3 x + 7 [ x + 4 x 2 + 3 ( x + x 2 ) ]

50 x 2 + 31 x

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Exercises

For the following problems, simplify each of the algebraic expressions.

h 3 h 5 h

7 h

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3 a 2 + 6 a 2 + 2 a 2

11 a 2

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14 a 2 b + 4 a 2 b + 19 a 2 b

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210 a b 4 + 412 a b 4 + 100 a 4 b ( Look closely at the exponents. )

622 a b 4 + 100 a 4 b

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5 x 2 y 0 + 3 x 2 y + 2 x 2 y + 1 , y 0 ( Look closely at the exponents. )

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8 w 2 12 w 2 3 w 2

7 w 2

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6 x y 3 x y + 7 x y 18 x y

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7 x 3 2 x 2 10 x + 1 5 x 2 3 x 3 12 + x

4 x 3 7 x 2 9 x 11

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21 y 15 x + 40 x y 6 11 y + 7 12 x x y

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1 x + 1 y 1 x 1 y + x y

x y

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5 x 2 3 x 7 + 2 x 2 x

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2 z 3 + 15 z + 4 z 3 + z 2 6 z 2 + z

2 z 3 5 z 2 + 16 z

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18 x 2 y 14 x 2 y 20 x 2 y

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9 w 5 9 w 4 9 w 5 + 10 w 4

18 w 5 + w 4

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2 x 4 + 4 x 3 8 x 2 + 12 x 1 7 x 3 1 x 4 6 x + 2

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17 d 3 r + 3 d 3 r 5 d 3 r + 6 d 2 r + d 3 r 30 d 2 r + 3 7 + 2

16 d 3 r 24 d 2 r 2

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a 0 + 2 a 0 4 a 0 , a 0

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4 x 0 + 3 x 0 5 x 0 + 7 x 0 x 0 , x 0

8

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2 a 3 b 2 c + 3 a 2 b 2 c 0 + 4 a 2 b 2 a 3 b 2 c , c 0

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6 x 3 + 12 x + 5

6 x 3 + 12 x + 5

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7 ( a + 2 ) + 4

7 a + 18

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2 b + 6 ( 3 5 b )

28 b + 18

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5 a 7 c + 3 ( a c )

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8 x 3 x + 4 ( 2 x + 5 ) + 3 ( 6 x 4 )

31 x + 8

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2 z + 4 a b + 5 z a b + 12 ( 1 a b z )

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( a + 5 ) 4 + 6 a 20

10 a

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( 4 a + 5 b 2 ) 3 + 3 ( 4 a + 5 b 2 )

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( 10 x + 3 y 2 ) 4 + 4 ( 10 x + 3 y 2 )

80 x + 24 y 2

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1 ( 3 x + 15 ) + 2 x 12

5 x + 3

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1 ( 2 + 9 a + 4 a 2 ) + a 2 11 a

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1 ( 2 x 6 b + 6 a 2 b + 8 b 2 ) + 1 ( 5 x + 2 b 3 a 2 b )

3 a 2 b + 8 b 2 4 b + 7 x

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After observing the following problems, can you make a conjecture about 1 ( a + b ) ?
1 ( a + b ) =

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Using the result of problem 52, is it correct to write
( a + b ) = a + b ?

yes

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3 ( 2 a + 2 a 2 ) + 8 ( 3 a + 3 a 2 )

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x ( x + 2 ) + 2 ( x 2 + 3 x 4 )

3 x 2 + 8 x 8

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A ( A + 7 ) + 4 ( A 2 + 3 a + 1 )

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b ( 2 b 3 + 5 b 2 + b + 6 ) 6 b 2 4 b + 2

2 b 4 + 5 b 3 5 b 2 + 2 b + 2

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x 3 x ( x 2 7 x 1 )

3 x 3 + 21 x 2 + 4 x

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a b ( a 5 ) 4 a 2 b + 2 a b 2

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x y ( 3 x y + 2 x 5 y ) 2 x 2 y 2 5 x 2 y + 4 x y 2

x 2 y 2 3 x 2 y x y 2

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3 h [ 2 h + 5 ( h + 2 ) ]

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2 k [ 5 k + 3 ( 1 + 7 k ) ]

52 k 2 + 6 k

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8 a [ 2 a 4 a b + 9 ( a 5 a b ) ]

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6 { m + 5 n [ n + 3 ( n 1 ) ] + 2 n 2 } 4 n 2 9 m

128 n 2 90 n 3 m

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5 [ 4 ( r 2 s ) 3 r 5 s ] + 12 s

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8 { 9 [ b 2 a + 6 c ( c + 4 ) 4 c 2 ] + 4 a + b } 3 b

144 c 2 112 a + 77 b + 1728 c

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5 [ 4 ( 6 x 3 ) + x ] 2 x 25 x + 4

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3 x y 2 ( 4 x y + 5 y ) + 2 x y 3 + 6 x 2 y 3 + 4 y 3 12 x y 3

18 x 2 y 3 + 5 x y 3 + 4 y 3

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9 a 3 b 7 ( a 3 b 5 2 a 2 b 2 + 6 ) 2 a ( a 2 b 7 5 a 5 b 12 + 3 a 4 b 9 ) a 3 b 7

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8 ( 3 a + 2 )

24 a 16

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4 x y 2 [ 7 x y 6 ( 5 x y 2 ) + 3 ( x y + 1 ) + 1 ]

24 x 2 y 4 16 x 2 y 3 + 104 x y 2

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Exercises for review

( [link] ) Simplify ( x 10 y 8 z 2 x 2 y 6 ) 3 .

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( [link] ) Find the value of 3 ( 4 9 ) 6 ( 3 ) 1 2 3 .

4

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( [link] ) Write the expression 42 x 2 y 5 z 3 21 x 4 y 7 so that no denominator appears.

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( [link] ) How many ( 2 a + 5 ) ' s are there in 3 x ( 2 a + 5 ) ?

3 x

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( [link] ) Simplify 3 ( 5 n + 6 m 2 ) 2 ( 3 n + 4 m 2 ) .

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Questions & Answers

Ayele, K., 2003. Introductory Economics, 3rd ed., Addis Ababa.
Widad Reply
can you send the book attached ?
Ariel
?
Ariel
What is economics
Widad Reply
the study of how humans make choices under conditions of scarcity
AI-Robot
U(x,y) = (x×y)1/2 find mu of x for y
Desalegn Reply
U(x,y) = (x×y)1/2 find mu of x for y
Desalegn
what is ecnomics
Jan Reply
this is the study of how the society manages it's scarce resources
Belonwu
what is macroeconomic
John Reply
macroeconomic is the branch of economics which studies actions, scale, activities and behaviour of the aggregate economy as a whole.
husaini
etc
husaini
difference between firm and industry
husaini Reply
what's the difference between a firm and an industry
Abdul
firm is the unit which transform inputs to output where as industry contain combination of firms with similar production 😅😅
Abdulraufu
Suppose the demand function that a firm faces shifted from Qd  120 3P to Qd  90  3P and the supply function has shifted from QS  20  2P to QS 10  2P . a) Find the effect of this change on price and quantity. b) Which of the changes in demand and supply is higher?
Toofiq Reply
explain standard reason why economic is a science
innocent Reply
factors influencing supply
Petrus Reply
what is economic.
Milan Reply
scares means__________________ends resources. unlimited
Jan
economics is a science that studies human behaviour as a relationship b/w ends and scares means which have alternative uses
Jan
calculate the profit maximizing for demand and supply
Zarshad Reply
Why qualify 28 supplies
Milan
what are explicit costs
Nomsa Reply
out-of-pocket costs for a firm, for example, payments for wages and salaries, rent, or materials
AI-Robot
concepts of supply in microeconomics
David Reply
economic overview notes
Amahle Reply
identify a demand and a supply curve
Salome Reply
i don't know
Parul
there's a difference
Aryan
Demand curve shows that how supply and others conditions affect on demand of a particular thing and what percent demand increase whith increase of supply of goods
Israr
Hi Sir please how do u calculate Cross elastic demand and income elastic demand?
Abari
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Source:  OpenStax, Elementary algebra. OpenStax CNX. May 08, 2009 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col10614/1.3
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