<< Chapter < Page Chapter >> Page >

Operations on arrays

Read the elements of a 1-dimensional array:

float a[10]; // declare a float array of size 10int i; // read the second element of the array : a[1]scanf(“%f”,&a[1]);// Assign an expression to the third element of the array a[2]= a[1] + 5;

To read the value for each element of an array, you should use for statement. For example,

int b[10];int i; // Read the value for each element of the arrayfor(i = 0; i<10; i++) {printf(“\n Enter the value of b[%d]”, i);scanf(“%d”,&b[i]);}

In case you do not now the exact number of elements, declare the maximum number of elements and use a variable to store the actual size of the array

int a[100]; // Declare the array with the number of elements not greater than 100int n; // n is the actual size of the array int i;printf(“\n Enter the number of elements: “); scanf(“%d”,&n); for(i = 0; i<n; i++) {printf("\n a[%d] = ", i);scanf("%d",&a[i]);}

C allow you to associate initializers with specific elements . To specify a certain element to initialize, place its index in square brackets. In other words, the general form of an element designator for array elements is:

int a[4] = {4, 9, 22, 16};float b[3] = {40.5, 20.1, 100};char c[5] = {‘h’, ‘e’, ‘l’, ‘l’, ‘o’};

The first statement is equivalent to four assign statements

a[0] = 4; a[1]= 9; a[2] = 22; a[3]= 16;

Printing array elements

printf function are used to print the element of an array. In the following example, we print the element of array a in different ways

#include<stdio.h>#include<conio.h>void main() {int a[5];int i, k; // Read the elements of the arrayfor(i = 0; i<5; i++) {printf(“\n a[%d] = “, i);scanf(“%d”,&a[i]);} // print the value of element a[3]printf(“\n a[3]= %d”, a[3]);// Display all the elements of array a, each element in a line. for(i = 0; i<5; i++) printf(“\n%d”, a[i]); // Display all the elements of array a in a lineprintf(“\n”); // change to a new line for(i = 0; i<5; i++) printf(“%d “, a[i]); // Display all the elements of array a, k elements in a lineprintf(“\n Enter the value of k = “); scanf(“%d”,&k); for(i = 0; i<5; i++) {printf(“%d “,a[i]);if((i+1)%k == 0) // change to a new line after printing k //elementsprintf(“\n”); }getch(); }

here is the sample session with the above program

a[0] = 6a[1] = 14a[2] = 23a[3] = 37a[4] = 9a[3] = 376 1423 379 6 14 23 37 9Input the value of k = 2 6 1423 37 9

Find the maximum value stored in the array.

The purpose of this function is to find the maximum value stored in the array

  • Set up a trial minimum value. The function begins by declaring a variable named min and initializing that variable with a trial minimum value – value of the first element .
  • Then the function uses a while loop to:
    • Fetch the value stored in each element in the array
    • Compare each of those values with the current value stored in the variable named max
    • Possibly replace if the value fetched from an element is algebraically greater than the current value stored in max:
    • The value fetched from the element is stored in the variable named max
    • Replacing the value that was previously stored in the variable named max by the new value from the element.
  • When all of the array elements have been examined and processed in this manner, the variable named max will contain the maximum value of all the values stored in the array.

Questions & Answers

what is mutation
Janga Reply
what is a cell
Sifune Reply
how is urine form
Sifune
what is antagonism?
mahase Reply
classification of plants, gymnosperm features.
Linsy Reply
what is the features of gymnosperm
Linsy
how many types of solid did we have
Samuel Reply
what is an ionic bond
Samuel
What is Atoms
Daprince Reply
what is fallopian tube
Merolyn
what is bladder
Merolyn
what's bulbourethral gland
Eduek Reply
urine is formed in the nephron of the renal medulla in the kidney. It starts from filtration, then selective reabsorption and finally secretion
onuoha Reply
State the evolution relation and relevance between endoplasmic reticulum and cytoskeleton as it relates to cell.
Jeremiah
what is heart
Konadu Reply
how is urine formed in human
Konadu
how is urine formed in human
Rahma
what is the diference between a cavity and a canal
Pelagie Reply
what is the causative agent of malaria
Diamond
malaria is caused by an insect called mosquito.
Naomi
Malaria is cause by female anopheles mosquito
Isaac
Malaria is caused by plasmodium Female anopheles mosquitoe is d carrier
Olalekan
a canal is more needed in a root but a cavity is a bad effect
Commander
what are pathogens
Don Reply
In biology, a pathogen (Greek: πάθος pathos "suffering", "passion" and -γενής -genēs "producer of") in the oldest and broadest sense, is anything that can produce disease. A pathogen may also be referred to as an infectious agent, or simply a germ. The term pathogen came into use in the 1880s.[1][2
Zainab
A virus
Commander
Definition of respiration
Muhsin Reply
respiration is the process in which we breath in oxygen and breath out carbon dioxide
Achor
how are lungs work
Commander
where does digestion begins
Achiri Reply
in the mouth
EZEKIEL
what are the functions of follicle stimulating harmones?
Rashima Reply
stimulates the follicle to release the mature ovum into the oviduct
Davonte
what are the functions of Endocrine and pituitary gland
Chinaza
endocrine secrete hormone and regulate body process
Achor
while pituitary gland is an example of endocrine system and it's found in the Brain
Achor
what's biology?
Egbodo Reply
Biology is the study of living organisms, divided into many specialized field that cover their morphology, physiology,anatomy, behaviour,origin and distribution.
Lisah
biology is the study of life.
Alfreda
Biology is the study of how living organisms live and survive in a specific environment
Sifune
Got questions? Join the online conversation and get instant answers!
Jobilize.com Reply

Get Jobilize Job Search Mobile App in your pocket Now!

Get it on Google Play Download on the App Store Now




Source:  OpenStax, Introduction to computer science. OpenStax CNX. Jul 29, 2009 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col10776/1.1
Google Play and the Google Play logo are trademarks of Google Inc.

Notification Switch

Would you like to follow the 'Introduction to computer science' conversation and receive update notifications?

Ask