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1.9 Senuwees

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Natuurwetenskappe

Graad 9

Lewensprosesse: ‘n gesonde lewe

Module 10

Senuwees en sensitiwiteit

  • Sensitiwiteit is die vermoë wat jy het om op jou veranderende omgewing (intern en ekstern) te reageer.
TERM VERDUIDELIKING
Stimulus 'n Omgewingsverandering
Reseptore Spesiale selle of organe wat stimulus opvang
Impuls Boodskap soos wat dit vanaf reseptore na brein of rugmurg gaan
SSS Sentrale senuweesisteem: brein + rugmurg
Neuron Senuweesel
Effektore Spiere of kliere wat op boodskappe reageer

Aktiwiteit: TABELLE VOLTOOI - senuwees

1. Skryf die stimulusreaksiepad neer vir wanneer 'n by jou op die hand steek

2. Vul die byskrifte in op die skets van die brein en neuron.

Neuron

Brein

3. Voltooi die funksietabel:

STRUKTUUR FUNKSIE
Brein -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Rugmurg ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Motoriese neuron -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sensoriese neuron -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

5. VIND UIT:

  • Hoekom

a) jy jou oë knip

b) jou neus loop as jy gehuil het

c) jou pupille groot word in 'n donker vertrek

d) kos na niks proe as jou neus toe is nie

Die effekte van dwelmmiddels en alkohol op die brein

Wanneer jou liggaam pyn verduur, gebruik jy pynstillers om die pyn te verwyder. Jy kan dus baie maklik jou senuweesisteem se gevoelsvermoë beheer. Medikasie kan dus nuttig wees, maar soms word dit misbruik.

So word dwelmmiddels gebruik om opwinding te verskaf en dit is gevaarlik, aangesien dit AFHANKLIKHEID en 'n TOLERANSIE vir sekere vlakke kan bewerkstellig. Dit is dan wanneer sterker en meer dwelms gebruik moet word.

DWELMMIDDEL EFFEK
PYNSTILLERS :Morfien en Heroïen
  • onderdruk pyn
  • verdoof sintuie
STIMULANTE :Kaffeïne, nikotien, Ecstasy, anti-depressante
  • versnel breinaktiwiteit
  • angstigheid
  • lei tot depressie
KALMEERMIDDELS :Alkohol en slaappille
  • vertraag breinaktiwiteit
  • wilskrag, oordeel en selfbeheer aangetas
  • traagheid en visie-steurings
HALLUSINOGENE :Dagga en LSD
  • gevoel van behaaglikheid
  • ervaar iets wat nie daar is nie
  • skisofrenie

  • Waarom wend jong mense hulle tot dwelms?

Assessering: TOEPASSING

Kon jy jou kennis toepas?

[LU 2.4]

Assessering

LU 2

Konstruksie van Wetenskapkennis

Die leerder ken, interpreteer en pas wetenskaplike, tegnologiese en omgewingskennis toe.

Dit is bewys as die leerder:

2.1 betekenisvolle inligting kan onthou;

2.2 inligting kan kategoriseer;

2.3 inligting kan interpreteer;

2.4 kennis kan toepas.

Memorandum

Senuwees en sensitiwiteit

AKTIWITEIT: TABELLE VOLTOOI - senuwees

1. prikkel/stimulus – reseptor – impuls – sss – impuls – effektor

2. byskrifte: skets brein + neuron

3. Voltooi die funksie tabel:

STRUKTUUR FUNKSIE
Brein Besluitneming; redenasie; geheue; denkprosesse; sintuie;
Rugmurg Refleksreaskies
Motoriese neuron Impulse na spiere en kliere vanaf sss
Sensoriese neuron Impulse na sss vanaf simsorgane

4. a) refleksaksie om oog te smeer met smeermiddel

b) trane dreineer in traanbuis wat agter in keelholte open – ook agterkant van neusholte

c) opening vergroot om meer lig in te laat

d) neusreseptore tydelik uit aksie; tong proe net soet, suur, sout en bitter

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Source:  OpenStax, Natuurwetenskappe graad 9. OpenStax CNX. Sep 15, 2009 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11068/1.1
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