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Natuurwetenskappe

Graad 8

Materie: klassifikasie

Module 15

Faseveranderings van materie

Voorkennis:

  • Materie bestaan in drie fases: vastestowwe, vloeistowwe en gasse

Klasaktiwiteit: leesvaardigheid

Die avonturiers kamp in die Cederberge

in die hartjie van die Kaapse winter.

Oornag het dit gesneeu.

Die volgende oggend blink die sneeu.

Stadig maar seker smelt die ys in die wintersonnetjie.

Die stroompies water loop af na die rivier.

Een van die kampeerders skep ‘n houer vol rivierwater.

Hy steek ‘n vuurtjie aan; kyk hoe vinnig kook die water

dat die stoom so staan!

1. Benoem al die fases van water uit die stuk – gebruik al die beskrywende woorde.

2. Waar kom die energie vandaan vir:

a. die ys wat smelt?

b. die water wat stoom?

3. a. In watter fase is die waterdeeltjies die heel vryste om te beweeg?

b. In watter fase is daar die sterkste aantrekkingskrag tussen die waterdeeltjies?

4. Die fases van water speel ook ‘n groot rol in die natuur. Dit maak die WATERSIKLUS moontlik. Vul die volgende in:

Die watersiklus

5. Die volgende sketse stel faseveranderinge voor. Sê in elke geval wat met die water gebeur:

Assessering vir leesvaardigheid

Kon jy die regte afleidings uit die leesstuk maak?

[LU 2.3]

Opdrag

Vind uit:

(Jy kan die aangeduide webadresse of enige ander naslaanbron gebruik.)

Hoekom ys op water dryf.– www.geocities.com (iceberg+ float)

Hoe sneeuvlokkies vorm.– google.com (snowflakes)– www.edu.pe.ca/rural/chemist

Waarom alkohol (soos in Schnapps of witblits) nie in jou vrieskas vries nie.

Wat die kookpunt van stowwe soos kookolie en alkohol is.– www.ucc.ie – (boiling points)

Plak of skryf die inligting op die teenblad.

Assessering vir opdrag

Is die inligting versamel en opgeteken?

[LU 1.3]

7. Elke stof het sy eie smeltpunt en vriespunt.

Water vries by

Water kook by

 Het jy geweet? 

‘n Vierde fase van materie is reeds ontdek - ons noem dit PLASMA.

Dit bestaan net by uitermate hoë temperature en in sterre.

Lees meer op oor PLASMA!

http://scsc.essortment.com

Assessering

LU 1

Wetenskaplike Ondersoek

Die leerder is in staat om met selfvertroue op weetgierigheid oor natuurlike verskynsels te reageer, en om binne die konteks van wetenskap, tegnologie en die omgewing verbande te ondersoek en probleme op te los.

Dit is bewys as die leerder:

1.1 ondersoeke kan beplan;

1.2 ondersoeke kan uitvoer en data kan insamel;

1.3 data kan evalueer en bevindinge kan kommunikeer.

LU 2

Wetenskaplike Kennis

Die leerder ken, interpreteer en pas wetenskaplike, tegnologiese en omgewingskennis toe.

Dit is bewys as die leerder:

2.1 sinvolle inligting kan onthou;

2.2 inligting in kategorieë kan plaas;

2.3 inligting kan interpreteer;

2.4 kennis kan toepas.

Memorandum

Faseveranderings van materie

1. sneeu; ys (vastestof) – water; rivierwater (vloeistof) – stoom (gas)

2. a) son b) vuur

3. a) stoom (gas) b) sneeu/ys

4. 1 – verdamping; 2 – transpirasie; 3 – wolkvorming/kondensasie

4 – neerslag (reën, sneeu ens)

5. kondenseer; smelt; vries(kristalliseer); verdamp

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Source:  OpenStax, Natuurwetenskappe graad 8. OpenStax CNX. Sep 12, 2009 Download for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11049/1.1
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